Transcript GERUND Verb + ing - Fakultet političkih nauka

GERUND
Verb + ing
Verb + ing form is used:
1) as a noun
A - as the subject of a verb
• Smoking is bad for you.
B - as the object of a verb
• I love swimming.
C - after prepositions
• I like a hot drink before going to bed.
•On hearing the news, she fainted.
•He passed the exam without doing any work.
2) Gerunds are also used after certain verbs.
If a verb follows verbs from the list below, the second one is
gerund (verb+ing). [ The verbs with an asterisk(*) can also be
followed by an infinitive-see page 409.]
admit
hate* = not stand* = not bear*
practise
avoid
imagine
put off
begin*
intend*
quit
consider
keep (on)
recommend
continue*
like*
regret
delay
love*
remember*
deny
mention
start*
dislike
mind
stop*
enjoy
miss
suggest
finish
postpone
try*
3) Gerunds are also used after certain expressions.
• It isn’t worth losing sleep over.
• It’s worth thinking about.
• It’s no use/good crying over spilt milk.
• There was no point (in) waiting, so we left.
• It’s useless sitting here and thinking about it.
• It’s no good complaining to him. He won’t help you.
• It’s a waste of money going first class.
• It’s a waste of time watching TV.
• We had difficulty (in) finding a hotel.
4) We use go + gerund for a number of activities, especially sports.
go swimming – go ridding – go skiing – go sailing – go diving
go snorkeling – go skating – go jogging – go climbing
go – fishing – go sightseeing – go shopping
BUT:
do sports – do exercise – do yoga
do aerobics – play basketball/football
5) Be / get used to + gerund
- Be used to means be accustomed to.
We use be used to + gerund to talk about a habit formed from experience.
• I’m used to getting up early. I’ve been doing it for years.[be used to
+gerund]
• I’m used to hard work. [be used to + noun phrase]
• Jake found the new course difficult. He wasn’t used to styding so hard.
- Get used to means become accustomed to.
We use get used to + gerund to talk about the process until we are used to
something.
• When Ann moved to England. It took her a long time to get used to
driving on the left-hand side of the road. But now she is used to it.
• Our new flat is quite far from my school. I hope I’ll get used to getting up
earlier in the morning so I can get there on time.
6) I have got used to (doing) something. = I am used to (doing)
something.
Be / get used to can be followed by other noun constructions:
• He’s used to the house. [noun]
• He’s used to it. [pronoun]
• He’s used to the new house that he bought. [noun + relative
clause]
• You’ll get used to your new job. [noun phrase]
7) BE CAREFUL! Do not confuse be used to + gerund with used to
+ base form.
•I am used to living in a small town. I wouldn’t like to live in a city.
[I am accustomed to it.]
Compare to:
•I used to live in a small town. Now I live in a city. [In the past I
lived…]
•Are you used to living in a small town?- Yes I am.
Compare to:
•Did you use to live in a small town?- Yes, I did.
REMEMBER: With do / does / did we use the base form use to.