The Future Tense
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Transcript The Future Tense
The Preterite Tense
What are the uses of the Preterite Tense?
1) To talk about specific
actions, completed at a
specific time in the past.
Example: Ayer yo fui al centro
comercial.
Yesterday I went to the mall.
What are the uses of the Preterite Tense?
2) To talk about successive
completed events.
Example: Esta mañana yo me
desperté a las cinco, me levanté a
las cinco y diez, me duché, me
vestí, me cepillé los dientes y salí
para la escuela.
This morning I woke up, got up,
showerd, got dressed…etc.
Expressions Used to Help Identify
the Preterite Tense
ayer – yesterday
anteayer- the day before yest
anoche – last night
la semana pasada – last week
el año pasado- last year
el fin de semana pasado – last
weekend
Expressions Used to Help Identify
the Imperfect Tense
el verano pasado – last summer
una vez – one time
un día – one day
de repente – suddenly
de pronto - suddenly
finalmente –finally
Uses of the Preterite Tense
3) To talk about actions that
interrupt other activities.
Example: Mientras yo miraba
la tele, mi amigo llegó.
While I was watching TV, my
friend arrived.
Uses of the Preterite Tense
4) The beginning and end of
certain states or situations.
Example: La clase empezó a las
siete.
The class began at seven.
Example: Después de la cena,
ella se durmió.
After dinner she fell asleep.
How do I conjugate in the Preterite Tense?
You drop the ENDING and
add a given set of endings
to the STEM.
Are there stem changes?
Yes! In the sandal of “-ir”
verbs only.
(ei , ou)
How do I conjugate in the Preterite Tense?
Are there spelling changes?
Yes! In the “yo” form of “-ar”
verbs (-gar, -car, -zar)…
c qu
g gu
z c
…and in the sandal of “-er/-ir”
verbs whose stem ends in a vowel.
(iy)
Are there irregulars?
Yes! There are lots of irregulars
including “special” stems which have
“special” endings.
• GUSTAR: Two forms-gustó / gustaron
Uses of the Preterite Tense
haber – hubo
there was/there were
This implies that an event
“took place, ocurred”
Example: Hubo un accidente.
There was an accident.
Imperfect Tense Endings
“-AR” VERBS
-amos
-é
-aste -asteis
-ó
-aron
comprar – to buy
compré compramos
compraste comprasteis
compró compraron
“-ar verbs”
Verbs that end in “-gar, -car,
-zar” have a spelling change
before the -é ending of the
“yo” form.
c qu
g gu z c
There are no stem changes in
”-ar” verbs of the preterite
tense.
buscar – to look for
busqué buscamos
buscaste
buscasteis
buscó
buscaron
pagar – to pay
pagué
pagamos
pagaste
pagasteis
pagó
pagaron
empezar – to begin
empecé empezamos
empezaste empezasteis
empezó empezaron
jugar – to play
jugué
jugamos
jugaste
jugasteis
jugó
jugaron
Imperfect Tense Endings
“-ER/-IR” VERBS
-í
-iste
-ió
-imos
-isteis
-ieron
comer – to eat
comí
comimos
comiste comisteis
comió
comieron
vivir – to live
viví
vivimos
viviste vivisteis
vivió
vivieron
ir - to go
fui
fuimos
fuiste
fuisteis
fue
fueron
ser - to be
fui
fuimos
fuiste
fuisteis
fue
fueron
ver – to see
-vimos
-vi
-viste -visteis
-vio
-vieron
dar – to give
-dimos
-di
-diste -disteis
-dio
-dieron
“-aer, -eer, -uir verbs”
Verbs that end in “-aer, -eer,
-uir” have a spelling change in
the sandal of iy.
ió yó
ieron yeron
“-aer” & “-eer” verbs have
accents on every “I” outside of
the sandal.
“-uir” verbs have the same
accents as usual (weak vowels)
-aer, -eer verbs
(add accents to these)
caerse – to fall
leer – to read
creer – to think, believe
oír – to hear
oír – to hear (notice accents)
-oímos
-oí
-oíste -oísteis
-oyó
-oyeron
leer – to read (notice accents)
-leímos
-leí
-leíste -leísteis
-leyó -leyeron
caerse – to fall (notice accents)
-me
-nos
caímos
caí
-te caíste -os caísteis
- se cayó -se cayeron
-uir verbs
(regular accents)
construir – to build, construct
destruir – to destroy
influir – to influence
concluir – to conclude
influir – to influence
(normal accents)
-influí
-influisteis
-influiste
-influimos
-influyó -influyeron
pedir – to ask for (ei)
-pedí
-pedimos
-pediste -pedisteis
-pidió
-pidieron
preferir – to prefer (ei)
preferí
preferimos
preferiste preferisteis
prefirió
prefirieron
dormir – to sleep (ou)
dormí
dormimos
dormiste dormisteis
durmió durmieron
reír to laugh (ei)
accent and spelling issues!
reí
reímos
reíste
reísteis
rió
rieron
Verbs with “Special Stems”
There are a set of verbs
that have an irregular stem.
This stem is used
throughout the entire verb
chart.
They also use a different
set of endings.
They don’t have any accents!
Endings for Verbs with
“Special Stems”
-e
-iste
-o
-imos
-isteis
-ieron
Verbs with “Special Stems”
hacer hichiz- in the él/ella form
querer quis venir vin –
Verbs with “Special Stems”
decir dij conducir conduj producir produj traducir traduj traer traj In all of these verbs the “i” is
dropped from “-ieron”
(dijeron, condujeron, trajeron
etc.)
Verbs with “Special Stems”
andar anduv tener tuv estar estuv poder pud poner pus saber sup
querer – to want
quise quisimos
quisiste quisisteis
quiso quisieron
saber – to know
supe
supimos
supiste supisteis
supo
supieron
conducir – to drive
conduje
condujimos
condujiste condujisteis
condujo condujeron
andar – to walk
anduve
anduvimos
anduviste anduvisteis
anduvo anduvieron