Transcript Un repaso de - TJHSST Academics

Un repaso de
ESPAÑOL I
La gramática
 Present
tense verbs (AR, ER,
IR)
 Definite & Indefinite Articles
 Personal A
 Irregular Verbs
 Ser vs. Estar
La gramática (cont)
 Possessives
 Agreement
 Present
Progressive
 Commands (+ tú)
– 8 irregulars!
 DOP
 IOP
¡Vamos!
 How
do you conjugate regular ar, er,
and ir verbs?
HABLAR
COMER
ESCRIBIR
Definite Articles


Definite articles
mean “the” and
are SPECIFIC.
(ie: “the” boy,
“the” girl…)
What are they in
Spanish?
Masc.
Fem.
Singular Singular
Masc.
Plural
Fem.
Plural
 For
masculine
objects, use
“el” or “los” if
the object is
plural.
 For feminine
objects, use
“la” or “las” if
the object is
plural.
Indefinite Articles
 Indefinite
Masc.
Fem.
Singular Singular
Masc.
Plural
Fem.
Plural
articles mean
“a,” “an,” or
“some” and
are NONSPECIFIC. (ie: a
horse, some
sports)
 What
are they
in Spanish?
 For
masculine
objects, use
“un” or “unos”
if the object is
plural.
 For feminine
objects, use
“una” or
“unas” if the
object is
plural.
Personal “A”

The “personal a” is used to
separate a verb from a subject
when the subject is:
A person
An important animal
Irregular Verbs

The ONLY verb that does NOT take
the “personal a” is TENER.

Yo tengo a dos hermanas simpáticas.
tengo
tenemos
tienes
tenéis
tiene
tienen
Conjugate the following verbs:
Ser vs. Estar
 What
are the
differences
between ser
and estar?
 When
do you
use each?
“To be or
not to be?
That is the
question!”
Reasons to use…
1.
2.
3.
_____________
_____________
_____________
1. __________________
2. __________________
3. __________________
Possessives
What is a possessive
adjective?
________________________________________
________________________.
Mi (s)
Nuestro (s)
Nuestra (s)
Tu (s)
Su (s)
Su (s)
Agreement
Nouns and
adjectives must
agree in
________ and in
_________.
Present Progressive
1. CONJUGATE
ESTAR TO AGREE
WITH YOUR
SUBJECT.
2. TAKE THE 2ND
VERB AND CUT
OFF THE “AR,”
“ER,” OR “IR.”
3. ADD THE
PROGRESSIVE
ENDING!
ARANDO
ER/IR  IENDO
Let’s try it!

I am walking  (Yo) estoy
caminando.
 We
are playing football. 
(Nosotros) estamos jugando al
futbol americano.
 La
Srta. Albright is talking. 
__________________________.
Affirmative “tú” Commands
¡Dime la
verdad!
Escribe,
por
favor.
How to Form a Command:

Take the “él, ella, Vd.” form of
the verb.
Mandato
– Comer Timoteo come helado. ¡Come!
– Esquiar A él le gusta esquíar. ¡Esquía!
– Escribir Ella escribe en alemén. ¡Escribe!
8 Irregulars
There are 8
irregular “tú”
commands that
you MUST
memorize!
Decir
Salir
Ir
Ser
Hacer
Tener
Venir
Poner
Di
Sal
Ve
Sé
Haz
Ten
Ven
Pon
Direct Object Pronouns


Do you
remember the
DOPs? Here they
are!!
DOPs answer 2
questions:
1. Who?
2. What?
In a sentence,
always
UNDERLINE the
DOP!
Me
Nos
Te
Lo, La
Los, Las
Where to Put Pronouns:
3 Steps to Find the DOP:
 Step
1: Underline the subject.
 Step
2: Replace subject with the
appropriate DOP.
 Step
3: Rewrite the sentence.
Let’s Practice!
Luisa tiene un muñeco de peluche.
(Pregunta: ¿Qué tiene Luisa?)
(Contesta: Un muneco de peluche.)
Luisa lo tiene.
La doctora está ayudando al niño.
(P: ¿La doctora ayuda a quién?)
(C: Al niño.)
La doctora lo está ayudando.
La doctora está ayudándolo.
Indirect Object Pronouns


Do you
remember the
IOPs? Here
they are!!
IOPs answer 2
questions:
1. To whom?
2. For whom?
In a sentence,
always CIRCLE
the IOP!
Me
Nos
Te
Le
Les
3 Steps to Find the IOP:
 Step
1: Circle the subject.
 Step
2: Replace subject with the
appropriate IOP.
 Step
3: Rewrite the sentence.
Let’s Practice!
Mi novio llama a mí todos los días.
(Pregunta: ¿Mi novio llama a quién?)
(Contesta:
A mí.
)
Mi novio me llama.
Yo estoy escribiendo a mis abuelos en
California.
(P: ¿Yo escribo a quién en California?)
(C:
A ellos
)
Les estoy escribiendo.
Estoy escribiéndoles.
IOP & DOP
When using a
DOP and an IOP,
which ALWAYS
goes first?
THE IOP!!!!
Una regla importante: You
learned in Spanish I that
you CAN NOT have lela,
lesla, etc. because of the
double “l” sound. You
would need to replace the
“le” with ___.
Let’s try it!!
1. Mi amiga compra el regalo para mí.
Step 1: Underline the DOP.
Step 2: Circle the IOP.
Step 3: Rewrite the sentence putting
the IOP first!
Mi amiga me lo compra.
What does this mean in English?
2. Mis padres dan el dinero a nosotros.

3. Ricardo contesta la pregunta para
mí.

Don’t
4. María hace la cama para su
forget the
hermana.
3 steps!

¡El fin!