Transcript Paragraph building deductive pattern

Paragraph building
deductive pattern
Sentences 1-2
a good topic(main idea) statement
introduce the topic, complete statement of the main
idea, not too much detail, use one or more key
words, refine the topic(sentence 2), suggest how
the topic will be developed:
• By comparison and contrast,
• By cause-and-effect analysis etc.
B.Kosel
paragraph development
Topic statement
Supporting statements
B.Kosel
Patterns of supporting
statements
•
•
•
•
Chronological description
Cause and effect analysis
Comparison and contrast
Listing
B.Kosel
Chronological description
Time adverbs and phrases:
in 1980, last week, at 10.15, first, second,
finally, soon after the project began
verb tense sequencing: Originally we
wanted....more recently we have attempted,
now we are trying, in the future we will try
to
B.Kosel
Cause and effect
• Connective words: therefore, thus,
consequently, as a result, so, accordingly
• Subordinate clauses: since, because of
• Verbs: cause, result in, give rise to, afftect,
require, produce
B.Kosel
Comparison and contrast
• Connective words: however, on the other
hand, in contrast, similarly, likewise
• Comparative constructions: more than, er, as ......as, less than, rather than, is
different from, the more ...... The less
• Subordinate clauses: while, whereas, but
B.Kosel
Listing
• Parallel form: A is , B seems, C is also, D
are also
• Order of importance: most important, of
lesser importance, least important
B.Kosel
From general to particular
• Each next sentence focuses on a smaller
frame of reference
B.Kosel
coherence
Given .................................new
Old .....................................new
Old......................................new
Old .....................................new
B.Kosel
Useful internet pages
www.gcal.ac.uk/coursework/writing/linking.htm
lwww.flo-joe.co.uk/cae/students/writing/linking
www.vuw.ac.nz/st_services/slss/
essay_writing/linking_words_phrases.html
B.Kosel