Transcript independent clause

Independent Clause
An independent clause is a group of words that can
stand on its own as a sentence: it has a subject, a verb,
and is a complete thought.
Examples:
• He ran. (Notice that while this sentence only contains two words, it is still a
complete sentence because it contains a one word subject and a one word
predicate that is also a complete thought.)
• The paper does not specify which type of format it must be in.
Dependent Clause
A dependent clause is a group of words that also
contains a subject and a verb, but it is not a complete
thought. Because it is not a complete thought, a dependent
clause cannot stand on its own as a sentence; it is
dependent on being attached to an independent clause to
form a sentence.
Examples:
• Because I woke up late this morning… (what happened?)
• When we arrived in class… (what occurred?)
• If my neighbor does not pay his rent on time… (what will happen?)
Copy all; then do #1.
Simple, Compound, Complex
Independent Clause
 Simple: Subject pink, Verb green
 The ballerina danced.
 The bonfire crackled and burned.
 Trish and Faith cooked Thanksgiving
Dinner.
1. Write a simple sentence using a
compound subject and verb.
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Subordinate Markers
These make clauses dependent.
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after, although, as, as if, because, before,
even if, even though, if, however, in order
to, since, though, unless, until, whatever,
when, whenever, whether, and while.
Complex Sentences
Dependent , Independent
 Independent + Dependent
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Identify the dependent clause by underlining
once and the independent by underlining twice.
 Example: Sparkey barked when he saw a cat.
1. No one reacted to the phone when it rang.
2. Although she was tired, she went to the game.
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Compound Sentences
1. Independent ; Independent
 2. Independent , FANBOY Independent
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1. We ate the entire turkey; we were
hungry.
 2. We ate the entire turkey, but we were
still hungry.
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Appositive Phrases in Sentences
An appositive gives us additional
information about a noun.
Louis Pasteur, a famous scientist, conducted
many experiments.
 The holistic nutritionist prepared a salad, a
vegetarian meal.
 I bought my friend, a girl of seventeen, a
camera.
Directions: Identify the appositive phrase.
1. My favorite sound is summer rain, a relaxing
sound.
2. Plant the vegetables in the garden, a warm,
sunny place.
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Identify the following sentences as simple, compound,
complex, or an appositive phrase.
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Write out the sentences. You may use notes/books.
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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I forgot my wallet, but I had cash in my purse.
Before I ate dinner, I finished my homework.
Tests are easy when I study.
I love my mom.
My dog, Millie, makes me laugh.
Underline all the prepositional phrases in the following
sentence.
6. I ran through the parking lot, down the sidewalk and
over the bridge to get to grandma’s house.
Answers
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Write out the sentences. You may use notes/books.
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1. I forgot my wallet, but I had cash in my purse.
Compound
2. Before I ate dinner, I finished my homework.
Complex
3. Tests are easy when I study.
Complex
4. I love my mom.
Simple
5. My dog, Millie, makes me laugh.
Appositive phrase/ simple sentence
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Underline all the prepositional phrases in the following sentence.
6. I ran through the parking lot, down the sidewalk and over the
bridge to get to grandma’s house
Answer the following Sentence
Structure Questions
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1. What two items do ALL clauses contain?
2. What is the difference between an
independent clause and a dependent clause?
A Complex sentence is made up of a ______
and a ______ clause.
A Compound sentence is made up of two
__________ clauses.
What are two ways you can properly connect
the two clauses in a compound sentence?
Their, There and They’re
Fill in the blank with the correct
There, Their or They’re
1. _______________ going to the game
tonight.
 2. Would you put my latte over
________?
 3. ____________ dog will not stop
barking.
 4. I threw the dog’s ball _________.
 5. I want _______________ sweaters.
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Threw or Through
Threw is an action-to throw.
Through is a preposition establishing a
relationship between things.
1. We went __________ the spooky cave.
2. I made it __________ my final exams.
3. I ___________ a huge fit when I lost my
iPhone at the game.
4. Terry made it _________ the triathlon.
5. Marty __________ a no-hitter in the baseball
game.
Its, and it’s
Its or It’s
1.
2.
3.
4.
_________ time to go to get pizza!
The cat is hungry. That is ______ bowl
over there.
The jack ‘o lantern is beastly! ______
teeth look like razors.
_________ my turn to host the
Halloween party this year.
Essential Question… What is the difference
between an antecedent and a pronoun?
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What is a pronoun? A pronoun takes the place of a
noun and sometimes refers to a noun.
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(example) He is riding a bike through the park.
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Reasoning: The word "he" is a pronoun because it takes
the place of a person.
What is an antecedent? An antecedent is a noun to
which the pronoun refers. It usually goes before the
pronoun ("ante" means before).
Even though the party was fun, it was crowded.
Reasoning: "It" is the pronoun because it refers to the
noun "party." And "party" is the antecedent because
"party" is the noun to which "it," the pronoun, refers.
Pronoun/Antecedent agreement
Pronoun /antecedent agreement is when
the pronoun agrees in number with its
antecedent.
 (Bad Example) When an employee does not
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agree with their boss's decision, the
employee should not support that
decision.
Since the antecedent (employee) is singular and
the pronoun (their) is plural, the pronoun
disagrees with the antecedent
 (good example) When an employee does not agree with his
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boss's decision, the employee should not support that
decision.
Pronoun/Antecedent Practice
Which one of these underlined words is the
antecedent?
1. Homeowners fret over their tax bills.
2. Its constant increases make the tax
bill a dreaded document.
For #3 identify the pronoun by underlining
once and the antecedent by underlining
twice.
3. Misty is a good dog; she never makes a
mess.
Exceptions
A compound antecedent joined by or or
nor is singular if both elements are
singular and is plural if both elements are
plural.
Neither the cook nor the waiter could do
his job until he understood the new
computer system.
 Neither the coaches nor the players
were pleased by the performance of their
team.
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Awkward but correct 
When one of the antecedents connected by or or nor is
singular and the other plural, the pronoun agrees
with the nearer antecedent Often, however, the
result is awkward.
 (Example 1) Either the supervisor or the operators
will have their licenses suspended. [grammatically
correct but at least slightly awkward]
 (Example 2) Either the operators or the supervisor
will have his license suspended,
[grammatically correct but very awkward]
 (Example 3) The licenses of either the operators or the
supervisor will be suspended . [rewritten to reduce
awkwardness]
Prepositional and Appositive Phrases IN THE
GRAMMAR SECTION OF YOUR NOTEBOOK!
A prepositional phrase starts with a preposition and ends with a
noun or pronoun. It relates that noun or pronoun to another word
in the sentence.
1. Place the glass on the counter.
2. Be in your desk when the bell rings.
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An Appositive Phrase (review), identifies, renames or explains a
noun or pronoun. Remember, it is set off with commas.
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1. Katy, the team captain, led her team to victory.
2. The cat, a fat, furry and mean Tabby, was sitting on the counter when I
walked into the kitchen.
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Today’s practices: Pages 8 (Part A and B) and 23 (1-10)in your Grammar
Workbooks. 1. When you finish, keep your papers. 2. We will grade as a
class. (20 minutes). 3. Write on your own paper.
To, Too and Two: in your notes!
Were is a past form of the verb to be. We're is a
contraction of we are. Where refers to a place.
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(a) ______ going to Savannah for St.
Patrick's Day.
(b) We don't know ______ we'll be
staying.
(c) Last year we ______ forced to sleep in
the van.
 (d)What should I _______ to the dinner?