Transcript Theme - TeacherWeb

WEEK OF
SEPTEMBER 19-23, 2016
MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 19, 2016
Read – Tangerine (finish part 2)
Sentences Review
Trashball Review, if time
Tomorrow – Tangerine Part Two Assessment with
Sentence Structures Formulas
WHAT ARE THE FORMULAS FOR
COMPLEX SENTENCES?
DC, IC = dependent clause / comma / independent clause
Ex: When I get to Phoenix, you will be sleeping.
IC DC = independent clause / dependent clause
Ex: You will be sleeping when I get to Phoenix.
WHAT ARE THE FORMULAS FOR
COMPOUND SENTENCES?
IC, cc IC = independent clause / comma / FANBOYS / independent clause
Ex: I went to Phoenix, but I had to fly on an airplane to get there.
IC; IC = independent clause / semicolon / independent clause
Ex: I went to Phoenix; I had to fly on an airplane to get there.
A FEW EXAMPLES OF COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCES?
DC, IC, cc IC = dependent clause / comma / independent clause / comma /
FANBOYS / independent clause
Ex: When I decided to travel, I went to Phoenix, but I had to fly on an
airplane to get there.
DC, IC; IC = dependent clause / comma / independent clause / semicolon /
independent clause
Ex: When I decided to travel, I went to Phoenix; I had to fly on an
airplane to get there.
IC DC, IC = independent clause / dependent clause / comma / independent
clause
Ex: I decided to travel even though it was to Phoenix, but I had to fly
on an airplane to get there.
TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 20, 2016
Tangerine Part Two Assessment – open book test
Silent Reading – no electronics
QUESTIONS 41-45: ANSWER ON YOUR BUBBLE SHEET
41) How many independent clauses are in a simple sentence
a.) one
b.) two
c.) none
42) Which formula is written correctly for a complex sentence?
a.) IC, cc IC
b.) IC, DC
c.) DC, IC
43) Which formula is written correctly for a complex sentence?
a.) IC; IC
b.) DC IC
c.) IC DC
44)Which formula is written correctly for a compound sentence?
a.) IC cc IC
b.) IC, IC
c.) IC; IC
45)Which clauses can be correctly found in a compound-complex sentence?
a.) 2 or more DC and 1 IC
b.) 2 or more IC and 1 DC
WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 21, 2016
Table of contents entry
9/21 QPA Review
32-33
Reducing Wordiness info and worksheet
Author’s Purpose
24
QPA Review
QPA Review
Stack “Analogy” sheet on top of
“wordiness” sheet.
Attach pages to this page.
1. Blanket is to soft as floor is to ______________________.
Example: The beautiful, majestic, breath-taking city of Rome was visited by many tourists from America during the hot summer.
Revision: Many American tourists visit the beautiful city of Rome in the summer.
2. A hose is to spray as razor is to ______________________.
1. Our neighbor who lives in the house next door has been the recipient of an invitation to the governor’s ball.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
3. Ride is to elevator as stairs is to ______________________.
2. The pies were baked by the parents of the second graders.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
4. Mechanic is to a garage as chef is to
3. The sarcastic remarks that Linda delivered had the effect of causing everyone to become very angry.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________.
4. Aluminum is a metal that is very light in weight. _________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
5. Gavel is to judge as scissors is to ______________________.
5 The office manager wanted all the memos to be typed. She wanted all the memos to be typed so that they would be easy to read.
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
6. Stadium is to stands as theater is to ______________________.
6 He found his neighbor who lived next door and was thirty years old to be attractive in appearance.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
7. Tokyo is to Japan as Augusta is to ______________________.
8. Crying is to pain as laughing is to ______________________.
7. One time when I went to the park, my friend, whose name is Jake, went with me and we had fun.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
9. Relaxation is to vacation as stress is to ______________________.
8. The dog was walked by the girls who were sisters. _______________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
GUIDED NOTES
ON THEME
FROM POWERPOINT
~ATTACH HERE.
25
Eliminate Wordiness and Redundancy
It is important to avoid redundancy, or unnecessary repetition, when we write.
Redundancy can make writing overly wordy and often awkward.
What’s wrong with this picture?
 Fix it!
Read the following paragraph, and see if
you can spot the ten examples of
redundancy.
Read the following paragraph, and see if you can spot the ten examples of redundancy.
REDUNDANCY AND WORDINESS
I woke up early because I had a meeting at 7 a.m. this morning.
It is a good thing I live in close proximity to my office, so I didn’t
have to leave too early. I stopped at Starbucks, which is in the
immediate vicinity of where I work. I am missed if I don’t show up
at a meeting, since the company is small in size. This meeting was
about our latest project. We made a decision to collaborate together
on it for the purpose of getting a variety of different ideas. The
creativity of this company is the reason why I took the job. It is a
great job, but at this point in time I haven’t gotten a raise as yet.
Here is the same paragraph with the redundancy eliminated
I woke up early because I had a meeting at 7 a.m. It is a good
thing I live close to my office, so I didn’t have to leave too
early. I stopped at Starbucks, which is near where I work. I am
missed if I don’t show up at a meeting since the company is small.
This meeting was about our latest project. We decided to
collaborate on it to get a variety of ideas. The creativity of this
company is the reason I took the job. It is a great job, but I
haven’t gotten a raise yet.
Here are the redundancies that were in the first example:
1. 7 a.m. is the morning, so we don’t need to also write this morning.
2. Close proximity? Close is enough.
3. Immediate vicinity means near.
4. We know small refers to size, so we don’t need to use small in size.
5. Made a decision can be replaced by decided. This redundancy is called a “nominalization,” which
means turning a verb into a noun, thus adding more words.
6. You cannot collaborate unless you work together, so together is redundant with collaborate.
7. Variety implies that the ideas will be different, so we don’t need both words.
8. We can use is the reason or we can use is why, but we don’t need to use is the reason why.
9. At this point in time is not necessary at all. You are obviously referring to the present.
10. You don’t need as yet. Yet is enough.
1. Our neighbor who lives in the house next door has been the recipient of an invitation
to the governor’s ball.
Our next door neighbor was invited to the governor’s ball.
2. The pies were baked by the parents of the second graders.
The second graders’ parents baked the pies.
3. The sarcastic remarks that Linda delivered had the effect of causing everyone to
become very angry.
Linda’s sarcastic remarks made people angry.
4. Aluminum is a metal that is very light in weight.
Aluminum is a light-weight metal.
5. The office manager wanted all the memos to be typed. She wanted all the memos to be
typed so that they would be easy to read.
The office manager wanted all the memos typed, so they were easy to read.
6. He found his neighbor who lived next door and was thirty years old to be attractive in
appearance.
He found his thirty year old neighbor attractive.
7. One time when I went to the park, my friend, whose name is Jake, went with me, and we
had fun.
My friend, Jake, and I went to the park and had fun.
8. The dog was walked by the girls who were sisters.
The sisters walked the dog.
AUTHOR’S PURPOSE
Modes of Writing
THREE REASONS FOR WRITING
1. To Inform (Expository)
2.To Persuade (Persuasive)
3. Entertain (Narrative or Poetry)
WRITING TO INFORM
Often called expository writing.
Expository writing shows or explains facts.
Examples:
Biography of someone famous
News report about a robbery
Note to a friend
Essay about “killer bees”
Remember: Expository = Expose
WRITING TO PERSUADE
Attempts to influence the reader.
Usually makes an argument.
Examples:
Political speeches
Advertisements
A cover letter for your resume
An essay urging readers to recycle
WRITING TO ENTERTAIN
Narratives: stories.
Have a beginning, middle, and end
A story may have a lesson, but the author’s main purpose
is to entertain.
Examples of Writing to Entertain
Fiction novels and books
Poems about love
Narrative essay about the big game
Script for a TV show
Is it a story, poem, or drama (script)?
Yes
No
Does the text make arguments?
Yes
No
Does the text give facts?
Yes
Entertain
Persuade
No
Inform
Start
Over
REVIEW
Informative or expository writing provides
factual information about a topic.
Persuasive writing expresses an opinion (may use
facts to support).
All narratives are written to entertain, but so is
poetry.
PRACTICE
You will be graded on participation and completion,
not on accuracy. …but do your best!
1. On a separate sheet of paper, number one through
ten.
2. Each slide will describe a piece of writing.
3. You will write the author’s purpose: to inform,
persuade, or entertain.
1
The story of a teenage boy
learning to understand and
live with his father, who is an
alcoholic Vietnam war
veteran.
2
A list of the 25 richest
athletes in the world.
3
An article arguing why LeBron
James is the greatest
basketball player ever.
4
An “X-men” comic book.
5
The story about a young girl
with low self-esteem learning
to love herself.
6
A National Geographic article
about the eating and breeding
habits of the endangered bald
eagle.
7 A website saying that a new
shopping mall should not be
built because it threatens an
endangered bald eagle’s home.
The website also lists other
reasons why the mall should
not be built.
8
A poem about bald eagles.
9
A magazine ad telling you to
buy Nike Hyperdunk shoes
because you’ll jump higher.
10
A sign saying, “Rest Stop Five
Miles Ahead.”
1.
Entertain
2. Inform
3. Persuade
4. Entertain
5. Entertain
6. Inform
7. Persuade
8. Entertain
9. Persuade
10. Inform
THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 22, 2016
Analogies Activity:
Early Release
1st 7:35-8:05
2nd 8:05-8:35
connections
5th 9:35-10:30 (lunch 9:50-9:54)
6th 10:30-11am
An analogy is a comparison that is established based on a relationship.
Below are examples of analogies and their relationships. The relationship type is in bold and the analogy is in
parenthesis.
Synonym
(happy : joyful :: sad : depressed)
Types of Analogies:
Antonym
(inflation : deflation :: frail : strong)
Characteristic
(tropical : hot :: polar : cold)
Part/Whole
(finger : hand :: petal : flower)
Type
(golden retriever : dog :: salmon : fish)
Tool/Worker
(pen : writer :: voice : singer)
Action/Object
(fly : airplane :: drive : car)
Product/Worker
(poet : poem :: baker : pie)
Cause & Effect
(spin : dizzy :: read : learn)
Effort & Result
(paint : painting :: write : letter)
Problem/Solution
(itch : scratch :: tired : sleep)
Lack
(selfish : compassion :: childish : maturity)
FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 2016
Theme Notes (pg. 33)
THEME:
THE MESSAGE
The Search for Meaning
WHAT IS A THEME?
Theme: Life lesson, meaning, moral, or message about
life or human nature that is communicated by a literary
work.
In other words…
Theme is what the story teaches readers.
(The Message)
A theme is not a word, it is a sentence.
You don’t have to agree with the theme to identify it.
Examples
Money can’t buy happiness.
Don’t judge people based on the surface.
It is better to die free than live under tyranny.
IDENTIFYING THEMES
Themes are not always explicit (clearly stated, easily
identified) unless the story is a fable.
Themes can be implied. In other words, gradually revealed
through the plot, characters, and setting.
For example, Charlotte’s Web – if two unlikely animals as a
spider and a pig can be friends, then so can we.
Themes are bigger than the story.
Theme relates
to the “Real” World.
WHAT DOES THEME MEAN IN LITERATURE?
Theme is …
Theme is NOT…
The author’s message about The plot, characters, or
life to the reader.
mood of the story.
A universal idea that can
apply to lots of different
people and lots of different
circumstances.
A one word topic (love,
forgiveness, etc.)
A cliché (Don’t judge a book
by its cover).
THERE ARE SEVERAL WAYS TO FIND THE THEME OF A
WORK OF LITERATURE!
A. Examine the title. Often, authors choose a symbolic title that gives a hint about the
theme.
B. Identify the “big world” universal topic of the work. Then ask yourself, “What point
is the author trying to make about the topic?”
C. Find the main conflict and its resolution. Ask yourself what the author wants you
to learn from the problems and resolutions in the story.
D. Pay attention to lessons that characters learn. Sometimes, these lessons are the
theme!
WHAT ELSE DO I NEED TO KNOW ABOUT THEME?
•There can be more than one theme in a work of literature,
especially in a longer work, like a play or a novel.
•There can be different interpretations of a theme, depending on
the reader’s schema and understanding of the work. As long as you
can defend your theme, you’re probably right.
NOW...
NAME THAT
THEME!!!!
A lovely young girl is chosen to be a princess despite the
attempts of her evil step- mother and step-sisters to stop it.
1.)
a. You should do what you are told.
b. Good prevails over evil.
c. Never trust your step sister.
CINDERELLA
2.) Three little pigs set out to build their homes. Two of
the pigs rush through the building process and lose their
homes to a big bad wolf. One pig takes his time and
ends up safe and sound.
a. Pigs should not build houses.
b. Wolves are not trustworthy.
c. Hard work pays off in the end.
THE THREE LITTLE
PIGS
3. ) A young girl is walking through the woods and comes across
a
house. She enters the home and ends up destroying the true
occupants belongings.
a.Do not take what is not yours.
b.Bears are not our friends.
c.Finding a house in the woods may provide food.
GOLDILOCKS AND
THE THREE BEARS
NAME THAT THEME.
Jenny Penny was so excited. She had a pack of Starburst in her lunch, and she had
been looking forward to eating them all morning. Lunch finally came, and Jenny sat
down to eat her Starbursts when her friend, Rudy, sat next to her. “Let me get the pink
ones,” asked Rudy. Jenny liked the pink ones best. She thought Rudy was funny and
wanted Rudy’s friendship, so she gave him all of her pink Starbursts.
Before Jenny was done giving Rudy the pink ones, Carrie sat on the other side of
Jenny. “Let me get the red and the orange ones. Remember when I gave you that
Snickers?” Jenny didn’t remember that. She did remember when Carrie ate a whole
Snickers in front of her. Jenny thought Carrie was cool, so she gave her the red and the
orange Starbursts. Now that she only had the yellow ones, Jenny wasn’t so excited
about eating starbursts anymore.
THEMES ARE ABOUT THE BIG PICTURE/THE
MESSAGE IT CONTAINS.
Not “Yellow Starbursts taste bad”
Not “Rudy and Carrie are bad friends.”
Think BIGGER.
Find “Real” World advice.
Small
World
of the
Story
Big World of the Theme.
Applies to the “Real” World.
1. Theme is what we can learn from a story.
2. Themes must be inferred.
3. Themes can be recurring. This means the same theme may
be present in more than one piece of fiction
4. Themes are about the BIG world.
So, what are some themes that are in the Starburst passage?
“Treat friends the way you want to be treated”
“You can’t buy true friends”
“Don’t count your chickens before they hatch”
1. Read each story with your neighbor.
2. Discuss what you think the theme is.
3. Make a list of events explaining what happens in the story that
leads you to the theme.
4. Then, state whether each theme was implied or explicit.
How does the small world of the story connect to the big world theme?
PRACTICE
WHOLE GROUP PRACTICE…
Listen to the story that I am about to read.
Use one (or more) of the methods from your notes to determine
the theme of the story.
Be ready to defend your interpretation of the theme!
THE OLD MAN AND HIS LITTLE GRANDSON RETOLD BY LEO TOLSTOY
"The grandfather had become very old. His legs would not carry him, his eyes could
not see, his ears could not hear, and he was toothless. When he ate, bits of food sometimes
dropped out of his mouth. His son and his son's wife no longer allowed him to eat with them
at the table. He had to eat his meals in the corner near the stove.
One day, they gave him his food in a bowl. He tried to move the bowl closer; it fell to
the floor and broke. His daughter-in-law scolded him. She told him that he spoiled
everything in the house and broke their dishes, and she said that from now on he would get
his food in a wooden dish. The old man sighed and said nothing.
A few days later, the old man's son and his wife were sitting in their hut, resting and
watching their little boy playing on the floor. They saw him putting together something out
of small pieces of wood. His father asked him, "What are you making, Misha?"
The little grandson said, "I'm making a wooden bowl. When you and Mamma get old,
I'll feed you out of it."
The young peasant and his wife looked at each other, and tears filled their eyes. They
were ashamed because they had treated the old grandfather so meanly, and from that day
they again let the old man eat with them at the table and took better care of him.
WHAT WAS THE THEME?
If you said something like…
“It’s important to show respect for ALL people.”
OR
“The way adults behave will influence the future generation”
YOU’RE ABSOLUTELY RIGHT!
HOW DO WE KNOW?
• Main conflict = The parents are mean to the old grandfather.
• Resolution = Misha, the boy, makes a wooden bowl and says he will feed
his parents out of it when they get old. This makes the parents realize that
their mean actions have influenced their son. They decide to treat the old
man better.
• From the conflict and resolution, we can infer that the author is trying to
tell use that it is important to treat everyone with respect. We can also infer
that the author is trying to point out that the way adults behave will
influence kids, just like it influenced Misha.
Topic = Being respectful
Since the parents learned that the way they
treated the grandfather was unfair and that it
influenced their son to think that being mean to
elderly people was normal, we can infer that the
author is trying to say that it’s important to
respect everyone!
Verbs – it’s what’s happening!
6
Action: tells what action the subject performs, is Linking: connects a subj to a noun, pronoun, or adj in
the sentence.
performing, has performed, or will perform.
*the words that follow a linking verb answer the
question “what?”
Common Linking Verbs: am, is,
Our lawyer speaks often with her clients.
are, was, were, be, being, been
This lawyer has spoken with some clients.
Sometimes used as Linking Verbs:
These attorneys will be speaking soon.
feel, taste, look, smell, appear, grow, remain, stay,
turn, seem, sound, become, prove
Helping: assists the main verb in a sentence. One or more may be present.
…
These attorneys will be speaking soon.
The lawyer will speak frequently with new clients.
To tell the difference between an Action verb and a Linking verb, substitute a form of the verb ‘be’.
If it makes sense, the verb that you replaced is probably a Linking verb.
Sylvia sounded the alarm. (Action)
Sylvia sounded nervous. (Linking) replace with a ‘be’ verb…
Sylvia is nervous.