Transcript Greece

Greece
Greece’s geography
• 80% of Greece is
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made up of
mountains
Greece is a peninsula
located in the
Mediterranean Sea
Greece has many
islands located in the
Mediterranean Sea
Greeks Take to the Water
• Because of Greece’s
mountainous terrain,
the Greeks became
experts at sailing and
shipbuilding.
The Greeks Spread Out
• The Greeks colonized
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areas all across the
Mediterranean Sea
and the Aegean Sea
including:
Marseille, France.
Naples, Italy.
Istanbul, Turkey.
What sea lies to the east of
Greece?
• The Aegean Sea
Early Greek Civilizations
• The Mycenaeans and
the Minoans were
early Greek
civilizations that
helped shape later
Greek cultures.
Classical Age
• Our study of ancient
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Greece is a view of a
classical age because
of the Greek’s
additions to:
Architecture
Politics
Art and writing
A classical age is
marked by its many
great achievements.
Athenian Government
• 1st ruled by kings
• Later ruled by
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aristocrats (rich land
owners) and an
oligarchy
Briefly ruled by the
tyrant Draco
Eventually became
the world’s first
democracy
Before the Athenians created a
democracy, they were ruled by
an…
• Oligarchy!
Greek city-states (polis)
• City-states were
created to combine
many small groups
to gain protection
and stability.
• Over time, people
living in a polis
thought of themselves
as residents of the
city-state (polis), not
as Greeks.
Why did the Greeks create citystates?
• The Greeks created city-states for
protection and stability.
Acropolis
A fortified hill with a temple on top and an
agora on the bottom.
Agora
• An agora is a
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marketplace and
meeting place.
The agora was
located in the center
of the polis.
Story
Telling
• The Greeks
had different
ways to tell
stories
including:
• Epic poems
• Lyric poems
• Fables
• Myths
Epic Poems
A lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject
containing details of heroic deeds and events. Homer’s Iliad is an
example of an epic poem. The Iliad tells the story of the last years
of the Trojan War.
Lyric poems
Poetry that expresses personal and emotional feelings.
These poems are set to music. Ancient Greeks would sing
lyric poems using a lyre (musical instrument featured
above).
Fables
A short story featuring ordinary events that
teaches some sort of lesson. Aesop was
famous for his fables.
Myths
A story of events that serves to unfold part of
the world view of a people or explain a
practice, belief, or natural phenomenon.
Heroes and Mythology
• Odysseus: Hero from
Homer’s epic poem the
Odyssey.
• Achilles: Greek hero of
the Trojan War.
• Hercules: Greatest of
all Greek heroes.
Completed 12
impossible tasks.
• Theseus: Athenian hero
who killed the
Minotaur.
Who was the Greek that was
famous for his fables?
• Aesop!
Who was Theseus?
• The Athenian hero who killed the
Minotaur.
Greek Gods
• Aphrodite: goddess of
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love
Apollo: god of the sun
Ares: god of war
Athena: goddess of
wisdom
Hades: god of the
underworld
Poseidon: god of the
seas
Zeus: king of the gods
Hera: queen of the
gods
Who is the Greek queen of the
gods?
• Hera
Greeks Strongly Influenced Our
Language Today
• Many English words and expressions come
from Greek mythology.
Many of our phrases come from
Greek mythology.
Greek mythology
English sayings
• Achilles’ weak spot was
• A persons’ weak spot is
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his heel.
Hercules conquered his
12 impossible tasks.
King Midas had been
granted the ability to turn
things to gold by his
touch.
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known as an “Achilles
heel”.
When a person has a
tough task to accomplish,
it’s known as a
“herculean task”.
A person who has luck
with money has the
“Midas touch”.
Essay Question
• At the end of your test, tell me five
characters from Greek mythology. This
can include a hero and what they did or a
god and what the god rules over.
• This can be worth up to five extra points
on your test!