Transcript Computing Fundamentals

Computing Fundamentals
Unit 5- Computer Software
Hardware vs. Software

What is Hardware?
Hardware is physical
 You can touch it


What is Software?
Instructions to perform a task
 Program is another name


Both work together & interact
Hardware & Software

Working Together
2 Types of Software

Applications

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Helps you do a task
Systems
OS & utility programs
 Manages computer resources
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Application Software

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AKA Productivity Software
Word, Excel, PowerPoint, PhotoShop, IE,
etc.
Systems Software
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Manage resources, files
OS
Utilities
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Antivirus
Backup
File management (more on next slide)
Utilities
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Disk Compression
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Backup
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Saves data on another drive
Antivirus
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Squeezes files on drive to make more
room
Protects PC from virus damage
Defragmentation (example)
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Places parts of a single file closer
together on the hard drive
Defrag, Cleanup, Compress
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Defragmentation
Files are all over the place
 Defrag places parts of a file closer
together
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Disk Cleanup
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Frees up disk space
Disk Compression
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Squeezes files on HD
Defrag in Vista
Enter in Search
 Accessories…System Tools
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Operating Systems
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DOS
Old
 Text based, single task only
 Command Prompt
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Mac OS
 Windows
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3.0, 3.1, 95, 98, 2000, Me, XP, Vista, 7
Network OS (NOS)
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Novell
Boot Up Process
POST (verifies hardware)
 ROM passes boot instructions to RAM
 OS located on HD, loaded into RAM
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C: Drive
Check Hardware
ROM passes boot
instructions to
RAM
Find OS on the
Hard Drive
Run OS & load
into RAM
User Interfaces
How you interact
with OS
 Command Line
Interface (CLI)
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DOS
Graphical User
Interface (GUI)
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Icons to click
Freeware vs. Shareware
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Freeware
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Free software to
download
Owner has
copyright
For personal use

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No rights for you to
distribute
Shareware
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Trial period
Pay after that
Computing Fundamentals
Unit 5-7 Essential Skills & Windows
Start Up Process
1.
2.
Power On
POST
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3.
BIOS (ROM) searches for OS to load
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4.
Location of OS is usually C:
OS loaded in RAM
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5.
Checks RAM, keyboard & drives
Drivers loaded
GUI loaded & displayed
Using Vista
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Start Button
Search & Programs
Programs
Taskbar Moving
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You can
move, resize,
or lock the
taskbar
Sidebar & Gadgets
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Mini applications
Weather, news, traffic, etc.
 Clock, CPU meter, temperature
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Start, All Programs, Accessories,
Sidebar
Start…Search Sidebar
 Link
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Help
F1 in programs
 Windows Help
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Exiting the Computer
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Switch User
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Log Off
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Save & go to low-power state
Hibernate
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No one else can log on
Restart
Sleep
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Closes programs & waits for log on
Lock
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Switch but programs still running
Save & power down
Shut Down
Restarting the Computer
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Warm Boot/ Task Manager
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Restart Ctrl +Alt + Delete
Cold Boot
Powering it off with power button
 Wait 30 seconds before turning back on
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Project
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Complete two of five short essays
The Window
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Minimize, Restore Down/Maximize,
Close
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Window working in is ACTIVE
WINDOW
Computer
Computer- The Window
Personalize
Changing Icons
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Right-click on desktop
Personalize
 Change desktop icons
 Select item & icon
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Icons
Project
Create desktop folder
 Create desktop icon/shortcut
 Copy file to folder
 View folder properties
 Delete folder & shortcut
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Multitasking
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Work on more than one task at a
time
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Alt-Tab
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Organize
Cascade- overlays w/ title bars showing
 Stacked- horizontal top to bottom
 Side by Side- vertical
 Desktop- minimizes all windows
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Open 4 programs & try
Review
T or F. Click the restore down button
to minimize the window.
 When you hibernate, Windows saves
your documents & powers down.
 The ________ is the main area you
see when you turn on the computer.
 The window you are working in is
called the ____________________.
 A _______ is an item that represents
a link to the item.
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Control Panel
CP- System & Maintenance
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Backup & restore, update, power
CP- Security
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Updates, firewall, defender
CP- Network & Internet
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Connect to network, Internet
CP- Hardware & Sound
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Manage hardware, printers, sound,
mouse, keyboard, scanner
CP- Programs
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Uninstall program, remove Windows
components
CP- User Accounts
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Users, passwords
CP- Appearance &
Personalization
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Desktop colors, background,
resolution, sidebar, screen saver
CP- Clock, Lang. & Region
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Set clock, date, time zone
CP- Ease of Access
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Adjust for vision, hearing, mobility
disabilities
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Larger text, magnify, visual cues, etc.
Project
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Find CP info
Selecting Files
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Ctrl+A
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Ctrl+C
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Selects all
Copy
Ctrl+V
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Paste
Press Control to select multiple
 Use Shift to select a range
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Do This in Vista
Rename a File or Folder
No two files in the same folder can
have the same name
 Black line around name= Edit Mode
 Max 255 characters
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Single click & press F2
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Right-click, rename
Folder Options
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Appearance of
folders
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How they open
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Right-click on
file, Properties
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Restore Defaults
Views

Can change views
Views
Recycle Bin
Temp storage of deleted files
 Shows empty or full
 Each user has their own
 Can restore files inside
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Empty deletes all files bin
Review
Review
Menus
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Shaded menus
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Ellipses…
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Alt + C
Shortcut keys
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Opens window with
more info (dialog)
Underlined Letters
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Unavailable
Ctrl+O
Right arrow
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Sub-menu
Dialog Boxes
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Option
Buttons
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Radio
Command
buttons
Check Boxes
Drop-down
list
Text Boxes
List Boxes
Dialog Boxes
Message Box
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Start
Run
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Run dialog box
Type your first name
Click OK
This is a message box
Computing Fundamentals
The End
Computing Fundamentals
Windows XP
Defrag, Cleanup & Compress
•My Computer
•Right click C
•Properties
•Tools Tab
•Also under
Accessories,
System Tools
Defrag, Cleanup & Compress
Defrag, Cleanup & Compress
Utility- Compression
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A2.25 A2.26 A2.36 A2.37 A2.38
What is Software?
System Software
RS-Utility Programs
RS-Other Programs
Ex- Software Categories
Review
1.
What two types of general software
are there?
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2.
Paint is an example of which kind of
software?
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3.
Application & Systems
Application
Backup software is which type?
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Systems, Utility
End of Day One
Operating Systems
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Mac OS
Apple
 OS X
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DOS
Disk Operating System
 IBM used it in 1981 from some small
company named Microsoft

 Ever
heard of ‘em???
Operating Systems
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Windows
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Multitasking
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UNIX
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Linux
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NOS (Network
Operating Systems)
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Novell
Windows
User Interfaces
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What you see, how you interact with
computer
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CLI
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Command Line Interface
DOS
GUI
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Graphical User Interface
Icons
Windows, Mac
Start Up Process
Power On
 POST
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Checks RAM, keyboard & drives
BIOS searches for boot record
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On ROM
Boot record loaded in RAM
 Drivers loaded
 GUI loaded & displayed
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Review
1.
What’s another name for software?
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2.
What are the two basic types of
software?
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3.
Programs
Application & System
What does CLI stand for & give an
example of one.
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Command line interface
DOS
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Finish the following…
A2.25 A2.26 A2.36 A2.37 A2.38
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What is Software?
System Software
RS-Utility Programs
RS-Other Programs
Ex- Software Categories
PLUS…
A2.27- RS-Operating Systems
 A2.39- Software Compatibility
 A2.43- Software Development
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End of Day Two
Computing Fundamentals
Unit 5- Essential Computer Skills
GUI Desktop
Window & Scroll Bar
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Window
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Area used to
display a program,
data, or other info
Can be resized &
moved
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Scroll Bar
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Horizontal or
vertical bar
Moves the frame
Icons & Pointer
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Icon
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Small picture that
represent a
function
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Pointer
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Shows position of
the mouse
Arrow or I-beam
usually
Menu
Text interface with drop-down options
 You click an option to perform a
command
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Taskbar
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Taskbar
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Quick Launch Icons
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At bottom
Has Start, Open windows (tasks in progress),
clock
Allows quick start to program
Notification Area
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Shows loaded programs running in the
background
Taskbar Moving
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You can
move, resize,
or lock the
taskbar
Identify Items on Handout
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A1.1 A1.2 A1.3 A1.4
Operating System
Common Elements
Buttons & Icons
Ex- Buttons & Icons
The Recycle Bin
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Open Recycle Bin
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Double-click the
icon
Right-click, open
The Window
Review
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What is the area called near the
clock?
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What is the blue bar called at the top
of a window?
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Notification area
Title bar
Once you delete a file, you can not
recover it. True or False?
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False, restore it in the recycle bin
End of Day Three
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A1.5 A1.6 A1.7 A1.8 A1.9
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Windows
Ex- Windows
Menus
Ex- Menus
Quiz
Take the quiz until you get an A
A1.18- A1.22
Format a Floppy Disk
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3.5”, 1.44MB
Come already
formatted now
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Erases data
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Quick Format
Startup disk
Folders & Files
Files & Folders
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Folder holds files
Files & Folders
Organize Files & Making Folders
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H: drive (New Folder & give it a name)
Rename & Delete Folders
•Rename the folder (3 ways) & delete the folder
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
A3.1- A3.16
The Computer’s Filing System
Copy, Cut, Paste Files & Folders
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No two files in the same folder can
have the same name
Copy- Ctrl+C or right-click
 Cut- Ctrl+X, will copy item
 Paste- Ctrl+V
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Selecting Multiple Adjacent Files
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Click 1st
Hold Shift
Click last one
Selecting Multiple Non-Adjacent
Files
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Click 1st
Ctrl
Click each one
while holding
control
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A3.23- A3.28
 A3.29 Quiz
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Take until you get an A
End of Day Four
Switching Open Programs
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Only 1 is active
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Title bar will be bright
Others will be shaded
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Alt-Tab
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Freeware vs. Shareware
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Freeware



Free software to
download
Owner has
copyright
For personal use


No rights for you to
distribute
Shareware


Trial period
Pay after that
Software

Upgrading
Fixes for bugs (free)
 New versions w/ new features (pay)
 Look on manufacturer’s website

 Or


update automatically
DON’T UPGRADE FIRST!
New Install

Install or Setup file
 May
run automatically
Register for tech support/upgrades
 Restart to recognize

Computing Fundamentals
Extra Unit- Printers
Printers

Output device
Dot Matrix
 Inkjet
 Laser
 All-In-One
 Plotter
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Printer Terms

DPI
Dots per inch
 More you squeeze, better resolution
 600 dpi – 1200 dpi
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
PPM

Pages per minute
Ink
 Toner
 Parallel
 USB
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Printers
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Dot Matrix
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9/24 pins hammer an ink ribbon
Continuous feed paper
Not good for graphics
Ink ribbon cheap
Printers
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Inkjet
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Drops of ink
through nozzles
Pages per minute
Low cost printer
Ink can be $$$

Laser Printer


High quality
Toner
Printers

Plotter

Large prints
Choices?
Inkjet or Laser?
 Color or Black & White?
 How much do you print?


Occasional or everyday?
Resolution, Photos?
 Speed
 Single or multifunction?
 Network or not?

Let’s look at inkjets…
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Lexmark Z2300
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


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

$34.99
22 ppm black
16 ppm color
1200 dpi
USB
Hold 100 sheets
#14 & 15
cartridges
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Epson WorkForce
30







$69.99
38 ppm black
20 ppm color
1440 dpi
USB
Holds 100 sheets
5 ink cartridges

2 black, c, m, y
Review
True-False. A printer is an output
device.
 What’s an advantage of using a dot
matrix printer?
 True-False. Inkjets produce high
quality printouts.
 What’s an advantage of using a laser
printer?
 What printer is used for blueprints?

Computing Fundamentals
Unit 6- Using Technology to Solve
Problems
Tech Today

Use Problem Solving to:
Discover which tech to use to solve
problem
 Which tech would enhance your task

Problem Solving Steps
1.
Define the Problem

2.
Investigate & Analyze


3.
What really is the problem?
Collect the facts
Why having problem?
Identify Possible Solutions



What can be done differently?
Added, deleted?
Look for several solutions
Problem Solving Steps
4. Select & Implement a Solution


More than one solution, test each
Which is the best?
5. Evaluate Solutions

Did it eliminate it?
Choosing the Right Software

Software can be used for many tasks

What else can Word do other than type
papers?
General Use software
 Specialized Business software

Software Solutions

Word Processing
Letters, Memos, Faxes, etc.
 Word, Works, Word Perfect, Open Office


Spreadsheet
Calculations, charts, graphs, filter data
 Excel, Lotus 1-2-3

Software Solutions

Database Software



Collection of info, customer list, inventory
Access
Presentation Software


Slides, handouts, effects
PowerPoint, Corel Presentations
Software Solutions

Graphics & Multimedia Software



Photos, Flyers, Newsletters, Video, Animation,
Web Design
PhotoShop, Flash, Dreamweaver
Email

Outlook, Eudora

Eudora one of the 1st email programs
Using Other Technologies to
Solve Problems
Entertainment
 Banking
 Medical
 Dangerous Tasks
 Repetitious Tasks
 Schools

Computing Fundamentals
Unit 7- Windows Operating System
Starting Windows
Welcome
Screen


Accounts


Each with
their own
settings
Different
themes
The Start Menu
Mouse Pointer & Shapes

Pointer

I-Beam


Hourglass


Wait
Arrow w/ Hourglass


Working with text
Wait, but you can click
other things
Circle & slash

Can’t do that
Mouse Buttons



Left
Right
Scroll
More Mouse Functions

Dragging


Click


Press left twice & release
Right-Click


Press left & release
Double-Click


Press, hold & move
Press & release right button
Select

Point & click
Parts of a Window
Menus

Shaded menus


Ellipses…


Alt + C
Shortcut keys


Opens window with
more info (dialog)
Underlined Letters


Unavailable
Ctrl+O
Right arrow

Sub-menu
Dialog Boxes

Option
Buttons






Radio
Command
buttons
Check Boxes
Drop-down
list
Text Boxes
List Boxes
Dialog Boxes
Message Box


Start
Run




Run dialog box
Type your first name
Click OK
This is a message box
Managing Your Windows






Rather than
Alt+Tab or
Min/Max.
Right-click on
Taskbar
Cascade
Tile Horizontally
Tile Vertically
Show the Desktop
Cascade
Tile Horizontally
Tile Vertically
Help!


F1
Help Lab
Resetting the Computer

Warm Boot


Restart with Ctrl+Alt+Delete
Cold Boot
Powering it off with power button
 Wait 30 seconds before turning back on

Shutting Down

Log Off
Still has power
 Someone else can log on
 Switch User

 Programs

open & waiting for you
Turn Off or Shut Down
Stand by- saves power but keeps
programs open
 Turn off
 Restart

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