Transcript Lec 1 - Chu Hai College

JCM 106 Computer
Application for Journalism
Lecture 1 – Introduction to Computing
1
Outline








History of Computer
Bill Gates vs Steve Jobs
What is a Computer?
Data Representation
Software
Hardware
Different type of microcomputer
Communication
2
History of Computer
3
History of Computer
4
History of Computer
5
Microsoft – Bill Gates
6
Apple – Steve Jobs
7
8
What is a computer?

Computer is a electronic devices that process
data, converting it information that is useful to
people.
9
Data Representation




All computers are based on the binary number system
A bit or binary digit has one of two values, zero or one
A byte is the smallest addressable unit of memory (8 bits)
ASCII provides for 256 (or 28) characters





01000001 – A
01000010 – B
etc.
Unicode 16-32 bits (Chinese, Japanese, Spanish, French,…..)
EDBDIC used in mainframe or supercomputer
10
Software

The instructions tell a computer what to do
Software = program

Two type of software:


System software




Operating system
Utilities
Device driver
Application software


General purpose
Specialized application
11
System Software

Operating System



Managing resources - memory,
processing, storage, and devices
such as printers and monitors.
Provide user interface – How the
user interacts with the computer.
Almost all newer operating
systems use a graphical user
interface (GUI).
Running applications - load and
run applications such as word
processors and spreadsheets.
Most operating systems support
multitasking, or the ability to
switch between different
applications stored in memory.
12
Utilities
13
Device Driver
14
Application software


Application software consists of
programs designed to make users
more productive and/or assist with
personal tasks.
General Application Software
 Browser



Internal Explorer
Firefox
Safari
15
Application software

Specialized Software
 MS Office– Word, Excel, Access, and PowerPoint
 Word processing software allows users to create and
manipulate documents
 Spreadsheet software allows users to organize data in rows
and columns and perform calculations. Charting depicts data
in a spreadsheet in graphical form
 Presentation software allows users to create visual aids for
presentations to communicate ideas, messages, and other
information to a group
 Audio & Video Software – Final Cut Pro ( Mac)
 Graphics program – Photoshop, Corel Draw
 Web authoring tools and programs – DreamWeaver
16
Software licensees


A contract distributed with a program that gives you
the right to install and use the program on only one
computer.
Type of licensees





Single user license, Volume license
Site license
Shareware
Freeware
Electronic software distribution
17
Microcomputers
18
Microcomputers
19
Any Computer System
Memory
Input
Central processing unit
(CPU)
Output
Communication Device
Auxiliary
Storage
Auxiliary
Storage
20
Hardware
21
22
23
24
25
Input
26
Input
27
Input
28
Sound inputs


Computer equipped with sound cards can
accept sound input with microphone
Popular sound formats


Windows WAV, AU sounds, MPEG – MP3/4.
Voice/ Speech recognition

Accept the spoken word by using microphone and
then converting into binary code for processing in
the computer
29
30
31
32
Output
33
Output
34
Output
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
Document files

Word processor file – memo, letters


Spreadsheet file – sales analysis, budget


E.g. MS Excel, Numbers (Mac)
Presentation file – slides, speaker notes


E.g. MS WORD, Pages (Mac)
E.g. MS PowerPoint, Keynote (Mac)
Database file

E.g. MS Access
44
45
46
47