Transcript Astronomy Study Guide Review

Astronomy
Study Guide
Review
 Only
one side of the moon faces
Earth because:

the moon rotates at the same rate
it revolves
 Planetary
shape.
orbits are ______elliptical in
 Earth
rotates
_______counterclockwise________________
_____. Clockwise/counterclockwise.
Describe
the difference between aphelion
and perihelion, when do they occur?


Aphelion- Earth is farthest from the sun. (July
4th)
Perihelion- Earth’s is closest to the sun.
(January 5th)
What is a solstice? When do they
occur?
Summer solstice- Longest day of sunlight of
the year
Winter Solstice- Shortest day of the year
What is an equinox? When do they occur?
Equinox- latin for “equal nights”
Vernal Equinox- Spring- March 20th
Autumnal Equinox- Fall- Sept. 22nd
Center of Sun is in the same plane as the
Earth’s equator.
Describe parallax.
Change in an object’s direction due to a change in
the observer’s position.
Why do we have winter in the Northern
Hemisphere when we are closest to the
sun?
The tilt of Earth’s axis allows us to have
winter when we are closest to the sun.
What is the name of the theory of how the
moon formed?
The Giant Impact Theory
How often does the moon rotate?
One time every 27.3 days.
Describe the difference between apogee
and perigee.
Apogee, the moon is farthest from the
Earth. Perigee, the moon is closest to the
Earth.
 Describe
the lunar phases.
What is a blue moon? Harvest moon?
Harvest Moon- Full moon closest to the
autumnal equinox.
Blue Moon- 2 full moons in 1 month

Describe three geologic features of the
moon.
Lunar marias, lunar highlands, craters
Describe the process in which stars get their
energy.
Fusion

List the six layers of the sun. Describe
each layer.






Corona
Chromosphere
Photosphere
Convection Zone
Radiation Zone
Core
What are sunspots and how long is
the sunspot cycle?
 Spots on the sun- 11 year cycle

 What
feature of Earth protects us from the
harmful solar winds?
 magnetic field
 When
solar wind interacts with the Earth’s
magnetic field it causes
_____auroras________________.
 Stars
are born from __gas________________
and __________dust_____________.
Stars are mainly 2 gases
__hydrogen_____________________ and
______helium_________________.
Describe the difference between a light
year and an AU.
light year- distance light travels in one year.
AU- distance from the Earth to the sun. (150
million km)
 The
color of the star determines the
____surface
temperature_____________________ of the
star.
What is the name of the diagram that
compares luminosity and temperature?
H-R diagram
 Stars
are born from clouds and
dust called a nebula.
 Draw and label the life cycle of
a sun-like star. See next slide.
 Draw and label the life cycle of
a massive star. See next slide
 What
kind of star is our sun? main
sequence.
What is a supernova?
Stellar explosion- death of a massive star.

List the five circumpolar constellations.
a. Cassiopeia
b. Cepheus
c. Ursa Major
d. Ursa Minor
e. Draco
List the Jovian planets
Jupiter
Saturn
Neptune
Uranus
List the terrestrial planets
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Which is the largest planet?

Jupiter
Which is the hottest planet? Why?
Venus
Describe a comet. What is it made of?
Ice, rock, Carbon dioxide other frozen
gases
Draw a Venn diagram. What are the
similarities and difference of Terrestrial
planets and Jovian planets?
Rocky
Small
No rings
Gases
Large
rings
 As
you travel farther from the sun, explain
how the period of revolution changes?
Period of revolution increases as you
move farther from the sun.