Transcript Medieval powerpoint - Music by Heart Studio

MEDIEVAL PERIOD
Ca 900-1500
ALSO KNOWN AS…
• Middle Ages
• Dark Ages
• Birth of an Idea
BLACK DEATH PLAGUE
• Also known as the Bubonic Plague
• Claimed 30% of the population
• http://www.history.com/topics/middle-ages
CATHOLIC CHURCH
• The Catholic Church was the most powerful institution
• People were forced to tithe 10% of their income to the Church
• The Church was tax exempt
• Charlemagne was “Emperor of the Romans”
• 1st time there was power since the fall of the Roman Empire centuries prior
• His realm became known as the Holy Roman Empire
RISE OF ISLAM
• After Muhammad’s death, Muslim armies conquered much of the Middle East
• At the height of its power during this time, the Medieval Islamic world was more than
3xs larger than the Christian world
CRUSADES
• Military expeditions by Catholics to expel Muslim infidels from the Holy Land.
• Crusaders believed they would be forgiven of their sins and guaranteed eternal life
in Heaven because of their service.
• Crusaders received papal protection of property and forgiveness of some debt.
• No one ‘won’ the crusades.
ART AND ARCHITECTURE
• Grand Cathedrals and monasteries were built to show devotion to the Church.
• Romanesque Style -
Lessay Abbey, Normandy, France.[
• Gothic Style - Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London
ANOTHER FRENCH GOTHIC CHURCH…
Where is this???
But it has Irish roots!!!
ECONOMICS AND SOCIETY
• Feudalism = King grants large parcels of land (fiefs) to noblemen and bishops
• Landless peasants (serfs) did the work in exchange for a place to live.
• Eventually heavy plows and 3-field crop rotation made farming more efficient.
• More people moved to cities.
• Crusades expanded trade routes to the East
• Allowed for trade possibilities
MUSIC
Prior to 900 musical notation was in the form of neumes and other symbols indicating general pitch and rhythm. By the 11th
century a somewhat standardized system of notation had developed.
Genres include:
* monophonic chants
* laude
* polyphonic Mass movements
* Mass cycles
* Motets
* Songs of troubadours and trouveres
* Ballades
* Rondeaux
CHANT
• Also called plainchant or plainsong
• Monophonic liturgical music of the Christian Church
• Pope Gregory
• Ordinary and Propers
• Nearly all compositional during this period took place in France and Italy.
• Monophony in Italy
• Polyphony in France
• Most composers lived in one of the two countries
MEDIEVAL COMPOSERS
Hildegard von Bingen
Guillaume de Machaut
John Dunstable
Composition of monophonic
plainsong separate from Gregorian
liturgical chant
Poet-composer whose work is mainly
polytextual
Infused British characteristics
LISTENING
Hildegard von Bingen
Guillaume de
Machaut
John Dunstable
O viridissima virga (in praise of Mary)
De souspirant cuer dolent– ATT voices
Quam pulchra es – ATB voices
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zGjC8
GnIHZg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FPQ
rS4TWZeg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q
QjdEbZH2wI
O virtus sapientiae (in praise of wisdom)
Ha! Fortune – ATB voices
Speciosa facta es – STT voices
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pd3Q
CRthK78
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oGN
4xW8gRZs
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2
_APO_1yyK8
O rubor sanguinis (in praise of Mary)
Helas! Ou sera pris confors– SAT voices
Ave maris stella - STT voices
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nb4i4
hCctbU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QRY
nnlw2OtY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b
pDO0FbiKoE