Transcript Feudalism-Manor-Knighthood-2013

Knighthood
Subtitle
Post Roman Europe
• Invading groups threaten common settlements
– Vikings, Magyars, Muslims
• Raid quickly, before defenses can be mustered
• Kings controlled most land but people did not
obey/serve
• Feudalism will be the result
Collapse of Rome = Middle Ages
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Disruption of Trade – Invasions on routes
Downfall of Cities – cities abandoned
Population Shift – left cities for rural
Decline of Learning – low literacy
Lack of Common Language – Vernacular vs.
Latin
6. Concept of Govt. changed – less loyalty to
law and leader
Assignment
• You are to create a comic strip that shows
the major events that changed Western
Europe from the Roman Empire to a Feudal
society
• Should be at least 6 scenes long
Feudalism
• Feudalism – system of governance based on
obligations of loyalty/service
• Who was involved? How did it work?
• Lord/landowner – grants fiefs or lands in
exchange for military service . . .
• Vassals receive land and serve the lord
• Knights – warriors who fought for lords in return
for land
• Feudalism is based on
land
Feudal Pyramid
WHAT CARD ARE YOU?
KING
QUEEN
CARDS EVERYONE WANTS TO BE FRIENDS
WITH. THEY ARE ONLY FRIENDS WITH ONE
ANOTHER.
JACK & 10’S
9’S,8’S,7’S
6’S, 5’S, 4’S
3’S, 2’S, ACES
ARE CARDS THAT ARE GOOD TO BE
FRIENDS WITH. CARDS YOU SHOULD BE
NICE TO, UNLESS YOU ARE ABOVE THEM.
ARE CARDS THAT ARE AVERAGE. THEY
ARE NEITHER LIKEABLE NOR DISLIKEABLE.
THESE ARE THE CARDS YOU DO NOT
WANT TO BE FRIENDS WITH. THERE IS
NO NEED TO BE NICE TO THESE CARDS.
Manors
• Links nobles and peasants
• Warfare limits trade –
manor provides the
essentials
• Peasant life:
• Serfs were peasants that
couldn’t own land –
inherited status
• Tied to the land
– Harsh: few live beyond
40
– Dangers: Famine, disease
and injury
What are the qualities of a Knight
Knights were military servants of a lord
 Received land in exchange for skills of war
 Competed in tournaments to earn fame,
money, more influence
 Followed a code of Chivalry

 Respectful,
poetic,
Monty Python 3 – 2 – 1
3 - ways that the knight was accurately portrayed
2 – examples of feudalism
1 – major inaccuracy
-Dennis
-Black Knight
-Rabbit
-Holy HG
Japanese Feudalism
Comparisons
Origins of Japanese Feudalism
• Shinto – religions based on spiritual devotion to
nature spirits
• Buddhist virtues are added to culture
• Powerful landowners and warlords challenge
the authority of the emperor
– Offer farmers protection under private armies
– Just like Europe!
Service
• Rival warlords needed bodyguards (Samurai)
“one who serves”
• Follow the warriors code “Bushido”
– Fearless, reverence to god, generosity to poor
– Honorable death was better than long life
– Women are equal, not precious…
Order
• Shogun – “supreme general” strongest warlord
who had a near dictatorship
• Daimyo – strong warlords (knight/shogun)
Emperor
Daimyo
Samurai
Artisans, Peasants, Merchants
Fly Buttress
Gothic
Crusades
• Goals:
– Defend Constantinople & Palestine
from Muslims
– Reunite West and East
– Gain Christian control for Jerusalem
• Other factors
– Job for knights
– Loans/business grows
(supplies, weapons)
Crusade Objectives
• 1st: French and other Europeans besiege
Jerusalem in 1099 (Only clear victory)
• 3rd: Jerusalem falls to Saladin
– Richard the Lionhearted (Eng) leads buts is
kidnapped on return
– Ransom breaks England (King John)
(Robin hood)
Why Christians Joined
• Forgiveness of sins (Golden Ticket)
• Loyalty to king/lord
• Adventure/wealth
Results of the Crusades
• Illustrated the power of the Church
– Pope’s influence declines
– Increased religious persecution
• Merchants became wealthy
– New ideas, products . . .
• Lord/Knight weaken & Kings grow in power
• Thousands left home and traveled to new land
• Left Women and others to higher positions in
society
Middle Ages Timeline
• Directions: Put the important dates of the
Middle Ages on a timeline. Be sure to follow
proper timeline format & rules.
• Important Dates:
-800 AD: Charlemagne crowned Holy Roman
Emperor
-1400 AD: Middle Ages ends
-1347 AD: Bubonic plague devastates Europe
-1095 AD: First Crusade begins
-500 AD: Middle Ages begins
-1215 AD: King John approves Magna Carta
Plague Video
• Start at 13:00
Plague
• Disease that spread from China via trade
routes
• Italian traders move it through Europe
• Some cities forbade foreigners
– The word quarantine comes from giorni, ships had
to wait 40 days to dock…
• Some areas lost 75% of population
Ring around the Rosy
• Ring around the Rosy = hemorrhage in the skin
(buboes)
• Pocket full of posies = herbs/flowers to stop the
bad smell
• Ashes . . .we all fall down = death/cremation
Effects of the Plague
•
•
•
•
Population fall (centuries to recover)
Trade decline (high prices)
Serfs runaway
Peasants revolt against lords
– High demand but low wages still…
• Jews blamed – persecuted
• Doubt in religion
– Warfare follows too!