Transcript Dominican Order

Objective: to use graphic organizers to take notes about how
the Catholic church dominated Medieval life.
25-1 Catholic Influence-use a web
The goal of the RC
Church was to develop
civilization in western
Europe.
Daily life revolved around the Church:
It took the lead in
government, law, art and
learning.
• People did not eat meat on Fridays.
• Religious ceremony to become a knight
• Holidays honored religious events
• Worship (mass) was held on Sundays
• Monks and nuns ran schools and hospitals
The Church had a great
influence in the Middle
Ages.
The Church played an important
role in the political life of the
Middle Ages:
• Landowners and advisors
• Told people to obey the king’s
laws
• People who disobeyed the Pope
were excommunicated and lost
membership in the Church and
political rights.
The Church
tried to end
heresy by
preaching and
by church
courts.
The Inquisition
offered the
people
accused the
right to
confess or be
tried.
Dangerous
people were
burned at the
stake.
•United western Europe
•Took the lead in government,
law, art and learning
•Helped pass on the heritage of
the Roman Empire
•Center of every village and town
•To become a king, vassal or
knight a man had to take part in
a religious ceremony
•Holidays were in honor of saints
•People did not eat meat on
Fridays
•On Sundays people went to
mass
•Monks and nuns provided food
and shelter for travelers
•Priests recorded births,
performed marriages and
conducted burials
•Church leaders were
landowners in the feudal system
•Parish priests told people to
respect government officials
•People could be
excommunicated for disobeying
the Pope or canon laws
The Church
influenced the lives
of people in the
Middle Ages.
Religion in
Medieval Europe
25 – 2
Attempts at Reform-use T
The Church was supported by tithes
chart
and donations.
The office of bishop was often sold
for money or favors.
Europeans became worried about
what direction the Church was
headed.
Pope Gregory wanted to increase his power
officials and rid the Church of control by kings
and over Church nobles.
In 1075 a papal bull was issued stating that the
Pope was above all kings and nobles and that
only the Pope could choose Church leaders.
The monks of the monastery at Cluny
recognized only the authority of the
Franciscan Order
Pope.
• Founded by
Francis of Assisi
• Deep love of
nature
Friars
Dominican Order
• Started by a
monk named
Dominic
• Studied many
languages
• Monasticism = life led
by monks and nuns
• Monk = Greek for
“living alone”
• Nun = French from
none, originally
Egyptian for “virgin”
• Nuns and monks
wanted to avoid war,
sickness, sin,
corruption and wanted
to serve God and
fellow Christians
• St. Benedict renounced
wealth and founded an Italian
monastery in 529 A.D.
• He wrote “The Rule”, a set of
rules for monks to live by
• Duties included: work, study,
prayer
• Monks took vows of :
chastity, poverty and
obedience
Church
• Monasteries were led by an abbot who was elected by
his monk brothers; convents were led by an abbess
• Self-sufficient
tasks: farming,
cooking, sewing
building, etc.
• Charitable tasks:
hospital work,
providing refuge
for homeless, food
for the poor,
lodging for
travelers and
distributing the
sacraments
Dormitory
• Bound by the abbey church
• Dormitory where the monks slept
• Refectory where the monks ate
• Library and scriptorium where monks wrote
Library and Scriptorium
Refectory
Rise of Church Reformers
CAUSE
The Church was supported by tithes and
donations.
The office of bishop was often sold for
money or favors.
Europeans became worried about what
direction the Church was headed
EFFECT
In 1075 a papal bull was issued stating
that the Pope was above all kings and
nobles and that only the Pope could
choose Church leaders
Franciscan Dominican Order
St. Benedict renounced wealth and
founded an Italian monastery in 529 A.D.
The monks of the monastery at Cluny
recognized only the authority of the Pope.
He wrote “The Rule”, a set of rules for
monks to live by
Duties included: work, study, prayer
Monks took vows of : chastity, poverty and
obedience
25-3 Learning- use matrix
Universities
Cathedral Schools
Parish clergy set up schools
Run by bishops
Trained students to become
government workers and
teachers
7: grammar, rhetoric, logic,
arithmetic, geometry and music
Students paid fees to attend class
in dark halls rented by teachers.
Books were few and costly.
Students memorized
explanations.
How established
Unions were groups who joined
together for a common cause
Head
Headed by a chancellor
Objectives
Subjects taught
Tuition
Materials /
Methodology
Students and teachers
complained of too few classes,
subjects and qualified teachers
Classes on individual subjects
were held at set times during
the day
Students lived in boarding houses.
Rich supporters built buildings for
students to live in.
Students were punished for
missing daily mass, disturbing
the peace or sword play.
Learning
establ
head
obj
sub
tuition
material
method
25-4The Crusades – use
A Call to War
flow chart
Pope Urban called for
the wars to regain the
Holy Land from the
Turks.
He promised freedom
from debt and
forgiveness from sins
for those who “took up
the cross.”
Click on picture for pope info
The Peasants’ Crusade
Peter the Hermit rallied
the commoners.
The people adopted the
cry, “Deus vult!”
They behaved poorly
along the route to Asia
Minor and
Constantinople.
The Nobles’ Crusade
Lords had to provide
battle gear, wagons,
supplies and horses.
The King’s
Crusade
The Crusaders
captured the Holy
city of Jerusalem.
Saladin united the Muslims.
They set up 4 feudal
kingdoms called
Outremer.
The crusaders were ill- prepared. The
wore heavy armor and relied on the
crossbow.
Europeans adopted
Muslim customs.
The two leaders signed a truce.
Crusades to the
Middle East
Effects of the Crusades
Returning crusaders brought many new products back
with them.
There was a demand for these new products in Europe.
Trade, merchants and trade cities.
A mixing of cultures ( European, Byzantine and Arabic
Empires) resulted.
Scientists became interested in learning Muslim
technologies.
The authority of kings increased. Many nobles died and
large armies were expensive to supply.
Feudalism began to dissolve.
The society of Western Europe advanced; towns grew
and the arts thrived.
Life After the
Crusades
Crudades
Call
type
effect