Transcript The Clergy
Objective: to describe how Feudalism developed as a response to Viking attacks and to support these statements: 1. the control of land was the key to feudalism. 2. Feudalism was a system in which public power became private power 3. Feudalism provided a system of local defense. 4. In theory, feudal society was a pyramid FEUDALISM Land and Government • system of government in which power was based on land ownership (fiefs) that was tied to military service • Weak kings ignored their responsibilities. They could not protect their land or property. • They depended on nobles for food, horses and soldiers • Clergy also owned land and held power. • They helped the poor and sick and advised the nobles. • Power was based on the ownership of land. Describe the life of the clergy, what was their role in the pyramid? The Clergy..\7th academ\HUMAN HERITAGE Chapter Review Slideshows for ACADEMIC classes\Chapter 24 Feudal Society\The Clergy.asx Define the life of a serf? Would you rather be a serf or a peasant? Why? The Serfs..\7th academ\HUMAN HERITAGE Chapter Review Slideshows for ACADEMIC classes\Chapter 24 Feudal Society\The Serfs.asx • Frankish leaders gave soldiers land as a reward for their service and loyalty. • Soldiers were able to get their income to buy horses and battle equipment from their fiefs. • Soldiers (knights) had a base from which to rule Europe. • Nobles began collecting taxes and enforcing laws. • They gave peasants protection in return for their promise to work for them in the fields. • Nobles were both lords and vassals. Act of Homage ( glove, stick or stone) • The lord promised to protect his vassal from enemy attacks. • Vassal’s duties: •Help the lord in battle •Make payments to the lord. •Attend the lord’s court How was feudalism an improvement upon Western Europe’s way of life After the fall of Rome? What were the stabilizing forces? Feudalism A Medieval Way of Life The Nobility • Nobles lived in wooden farmhouses surrounded by palisades. The earliest form of castles were motte and bailey castles • All activities took place in one room with a high ceiling and straw-covered floor. Keep Battlements Curtain wall Great Hall • Castles were designed as fortresses. • The noble’s servants, officials and family lived there. • It contained enough space to store a supply of food and water for as long as six months. Drawbridge Portcullis / Gatehouse Bailey Moat Arrow loops • Noblemen looked after their estate, went hunting and fishing, and held court. • They played chess and were entertained by minstrels singing and playing music. • Noblewomen were called ladies. • Their marriages were planned and her family gave the groom a dowry. • They helped run the estate when the lord was away. • Her main duties were to raise children, take care of the household and care for the sick with her knowledge of plants and herbs. Describe the form and function of a castle. Would you want to live in one? Why or why not? Two movies one on pic and one with words Castles..\7th academ\HUMAN HERITAGE Chapter Review Slideshows for ACADEMIC classes\Chapter 24 Feudal Society\The_Design_of_a_Castle.asf Knighthood Steps to knighthood: 1. At 7, a page helped knights care for their armor and destriers. Knights were armed soldiers on horseback. 2. At 15, a squire was put under the care of a single knight and went with him to battle. They followed the code of 3. At a special ceremony, the chivalry. The were young man was dubbed expected to: and pronounce a knight. • Obey the lord Knights trained for war in tournaments. • Show bravery • Respect women The most popular event was the joust. • Honor the Church The cost was high: men and horses were wounded, lances, swords and suits of armor were damaged, and the noble who sponsored the event had to feed many people. • Help people 1 The knight’s iron helmet was tapered to deflect blows. Pads were worn underneath the helmet to steady it on the knight’s head. 2 The bevor was a metal plate that protected the lower part of the face that was left exposed by the helmet. 1 3 The cuirass, or breast and back plate provided essential protection. Straps at the waist and shoulders connected the breastplate to the back panel. 4 The mail skirt protects the knight’s groin and makes movement easier. It was a tight net of riveted metal links. 2 The pauldron was a shoulder plate fit over the breastplate. 3 5 5 The knight’s shoulders, arms, and hands were protected by four different pieces of armor: The vambrace were arm guards that protected the upper and lower arms. 4 6 6 A horse was the knight’s most important purchase. One might cost as much as a year’s income. The warhorse was called a destrier. Horses often wore cloth coverings decorated with the knight’s coat of arms. The coulter were elbow guards. The gauntlet provided plate armor protection on the outside of the hand. Leather gloves were worn underneath so the knight could keep hold of his weapons. How did someone become a knight? What were their duties? Would you Want to be a knight? Why or why not? Two movies one on pic & one on words The Knights Castle Fortresses..\7th academ\HUMAN HERITAGE Chapter Review Slideshows for ACADEMIC classes\Chapter 24 Feudal Society\The Knights.asx The Manor Lands were divided into farming communities called manors. The noble chose officials to run his manor: The seneschal visited each fief regularly. The bailiff made sure the peasants worked hard in the fields. Manors were isolated and forced to produce food, clothing, shelter and tools by themselves. Two groups of peasants worked on the manor: The freemen were peasants who paid the noble for the right to farm land. They could move from place to place. The serfs were a noble’s property. They could not move, own property or marry without the noble’s permission. They worked long hours; spending 3 days working the lord’s land and giving him part of their own crops. They used the three-field system and heavy iron plows.