Transcript Lecture 2: Input OUtput design

Microprocessor System Design
Omid Fatemi
([email protected])
University of Tehran 1
Outline
• Objectives
• Administration
• Digital System Design
• Microprocessors
• History
• Numbering systems & arithmetic operations
University of Tehran 2
Objectives
• Basic understanding of the architecture of
microP
• Basic understanding of the operation of
microP
• Assembly language for control and
interfacing applications
• Intel 80x86 family to PentiumIV
• Interfacing
University of Tehran 3
Administration
• Text book: The 80x86 IBM PC and Compatible
Computers
• Instructor:
Omid Fatemi ([email protected])
Office: third floor, right side
Office Hours: Sat., Mon. 10:00 – 12:00 or by appt.
• Web page:
• Everybody should be subscribed to: [email protected]
• Grading:
• Quiz (assembly): 10% (‫ اسفند‬19 ‫(دوشنبه‬
• Mid Term 25% (‫ ارديبهشت‬15 ‫)دوشنبه‬
• Home work 20%
• Final Exam 45%
• Project Bonus (up to 2)
University of Tehran 4
Administration (2)
• Home work:
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Should be your own work
Talking, discussions are allowed
Copying, looking at other’s work is not allowed
Penalty if discovered
• Projects:
– Software:
» optimized code for something (using MMX, SSE, ..)
» Protected mode and paging/segmentation
– Hardware: training kit for microprocessor
– Lab preparation
– Interface:
» USB, firewire and PCI
» Driver for win98 or win2000
University of Tehran 5
Digital System Design
Applications
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Signal processing
Control systems
Communications
Micro-computers
Robotics
Multimedia
Internet
Distance learning
University of Tehran 6
Solutions
• LSI chips
– PCB, 74 series
• VLSI design (ASIC)
– Standard cells
– Gate arrays
– FPGA
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Embedded micro controllers
General purpose processors
Special purpose processors
System on a chip (SoC)
Hardware, Firmware and Software
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Microprocessor Based
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More reliable
Less expensive
Easier to debug
Easier to maintain
Easier to upgrade
• Disadvantage:
– Speed
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Design Process
Hardware, Firmware and Software
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Design Process Steps
• Define requirements
• Develop specifications
• Preliminary design
• Intermediate design
• Detailed design
• Implementation
• Verification and acceptance
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Microprocessors
They accept programs
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History
• 1940: vacuum tubes
– ENIAC: 130000 watts, 150 square meter
• 1950: transistors
– 1959: first IC
• 1971: 4004 by Intel
– 4-bit, 2300 transistor
• 1970s: 8080/85, Z80, 6800, 6500
– Appliances, computers
• 1980s: RISC
University of Tehran 12
Numbering and Coding
Systems
• Decimal and binary systems
• Converting
• Hexadecimal and converting
• Counting and addition
• 2’s complement and subtraction
• ASCII code, Unicode, utf-8
• Bit, Nibble, Byte, Word,
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Homework 1 – Part 1
• ?
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Summary
• Digital System Design
– Microprocessor based
– Hardware, software and firmware
• Microprocessors
• History
• Numbering systems
• Arithmetic operations
University of Tehran 15