Transcript Lecture #13 -

Welcome to CMPE003
Personal Computer
Concepts: Hardware and
Software
Winter 2003
UC Santa Cruz
Instructor: Guy Cox
Assignments

Homework #4 – Due February 12
(That’s due next Wednesday  )
 Design your own resume
 Must use a Word Processor (ie, M$ Word)
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Notepad will not suffice.
Details and sample resume – see class page –
http://www.soe.ucsc.edu/classes/cmpe003/Winter03/hw4_resume.ht
ml
January 23, 2003
2
Input and Output:
The User Connection
Chapter 5
Part A
Output
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Information for the user
Types
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January 23, 2003
Screen – soft copy
Printer – hard copy
Voice
Sound
Graphics
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Monitor (screen)
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Data that is entered appears on the screen
Screen is part of the monitor
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5
Monitor
Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)
Flat panel display
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
Gas Plasma Display
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CRT
Raster scanning
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Sweeping electron beams across the back of the
screen
Phosphorous coating on back of screen
Glows when hit by a beam of electrons
Phosphorous loses glow and image fades and
flickers
Image must be continually refreshed
January 23, 2003
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CRT
Refresh rate / scan rate
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Number of times electron beams refreshes the
screen
Process also used for television
80-100 times per second adequate for clear screen
image
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60 Hz is problematic – Why??
January 23, 2003
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CRT
Interlaced vs. Non-interlaced
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Interlaced
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Refresh every other line on each pass
Lower refresh rate without flicker
Good for fixed graphics
Causes flutter with animated graphics
Inexpensive
Non-interlaced
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Refresh every line on each pass
Typical of screens sold today
January 23, 2003
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CRT
Color vs. Monochrome
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Color
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Typical monitor sold today
Monochrome
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Green or amber on a contrasting background
Less expensive than color
Typically used on terminals
January 23, 2003
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CRT
Resolution
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Clarity of image
Pixel (Picture element)
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Dot on screen
Is addressable
Can be illuminated
More pixels means higher resolution
Dot pitch
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Distance between dots
Smaller distance means better quality image
January 23, 2003
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CRT
Graphics Card/Graphics Adapter Board
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Plugs into expansion slot on motherboard
Graphics card and monitor must be
compatible for high quality image
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CRT
Size
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Measured diagonally
Typical sizes
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Office user: 15-17 inch
High-powered graphics user: 19 inch
High-end monitors: 21 inches and up
Larger size
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More expensive
More space on desktop
Reduces eye strain
January 23, 2003
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Graphics Standards
Help insure that the products work together
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PCs
Monitor
Graphics boards
Software
January 23, 2003
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Graphics Standards
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SVGA (Super VGA)
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Resolution – 800 x 600, 1024 x 768, 1280 x 1024,
1600 x 1200 pixels
16 million colors
Number of colors displayed simultaneously limited by
amount of video memory
XGA (Extended Graphics Array)
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High resolution
Supports more simultaneous colors
Allows non-interlaced monitors
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Flat-panel Screens
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Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
Primarily on laptops
Moving to desktop
Skinny (depth) regardless of
size
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Flat-panel Screens
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Crisp, brilliant images
Easy on eyes
No flicker
Full dimension is useable
More expensive that CRT monitors
January 23, 2003
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Flat-panel Screens
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Active Matrix
 Thin-film transistor technology (TFT)
 Transistors for each pixel
 Brighter image
 Viewable from an angle
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Passive Matrix
 Fewer transistors
 Cheaper
 Less power
 Images can appear fuzzy
January 23, 2003
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Printers
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Produce information on paper
Orientation
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Portrait
Landscape
Methods of printing
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Impact
Non-impact
January 23, 2003
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Impact Printers
Line printer
Dot-matrix printer
One line at a time
High volume
Low quality
One character
at a time
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Non-impact Printer: Laser Printer
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Non-impact Printer: Laser Printer
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Transfers images to paper using a light beam
Prints one page at a time
600-1200 dpi – High quality
Speed
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Personal laser printers: 8-10 ppm
Network laser printers: 35-50 ppm
High-volume laser printers: up to 1000 ppm
Black & white / Color
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Non-impact Printer: Ink-jet Printer
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Spray ink at paper
Black & white / Color
Excellent graphics
Good quality
Slower than laser
January 23, 2003
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Non-impact Printer
Choose based upon:
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Speed
Quality
Black & white vs. color
Price
January 23, 2003
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Sound
Creates multimedia output
Multiple sight and sound effects
Speakers
Sound card
January 23, 2003
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Voice Output: Speech Synthesis
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Enables machines to talk to people
Types
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Voice synthesizers
Voice output devices
Audio-response units
Converts data in storage to vocalized sounds
Synthesis by analysis – human sounds are
stored and reproduced as needed
Synthesis by rule – creates artificial speech
January 23, 2003
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Voice Output: Speech synthesis
Uses
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Automobiles
Telephone surveys
Catalog order is ready
Your payment is late reminder
Santa Cruz Public Library
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January 23, 2003
Overdue notices
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Music and Other Sounds
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MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface)
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Communicates between MIDI devices and computer
Rules that produce and process digital music signals
MIDI information tells synthesizer
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When to start and stop playing a note
Volume
Modulation
Software is available for composing and editing
per MIDI standard
January 23, 2003
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Terminals
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Device that provides input and output capabilities
Dumb terminal
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Intelligent terminal
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Keyboard and monitor
Connects to host for processing
Keyboard, monitor, memory, and processor
Connects with host
Point-of-sale terminal (POS)
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Input and output device
Captures retail data
January 23, 2003
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Computer Graphics
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Business
Education
Science
Sports
Computer art
Entertainment
January 23, 2003
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Business Graphics
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Types
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Help
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Maps
Charts
Compare data
Spot trends
Make decisions quickly
Attention-getting
Updated instantaneously
Rendered quickly
January 23, 2003
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Video Graphics
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Animated graphics
Prepared one frame at a
time
Examples
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Animated films
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January 23, 2003
Monster’s Inc. (Pixar)
Commercials without humans
Arcade games
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CAD/CAM
Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing
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CAD – Computer Aided Design
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CAM – Computer Aided Manufacturing
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Controls production equipment
CIM (Computer Integrated Manufacturing)
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January 23, 2003
Software creates 2-D and 3-D designs
Bridge between design and manufacturing
CAD/CAM integrated into manufacturing
process
Provides balanced, efficient production process
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Ethics and Data
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Computer data can be
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Used
Sold
Altered
What is legal?
What can you trust?
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