Transcript Presentation

It’s all about energy efficiency
Ollie Althorpe, MD, STMicroelectronics Ltd
EU-27 Countries
Electrical Energy Consumption
EU27 Electrical Energy Consumption will rise by
50% between 2000 - 2030.
Capital investment for new and retrofitting old
plants is estimated at €737B between 2000 2030
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Efficiency
 Our Task is to reduce the carbon impact of producing energy.
 But for Engineering our principle task is to use electrical energy more
efficiently.
Three Pillars to Sustainable Energy Demand
Sustainable Energy Demand
Optimization of
energy sources mix
Efficiency increase
Smart Grid
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Increasing Energy Efficiency

Semiconductors are the key for reducing global power consumption, with the
ability to save an estimated 27% of energy savings from now to 2030.
Application
Examples
Power supply:
Stand-by & active
mode
Electronic Ballast
LED, HID, Dimming …
Factory automation
Process engineering
Heavy industry
Light industry
Transportation:
Train, car, bus, …
Home appliances:
Fridge, white goods
Air conditioning
WW Electricity
Consumption
Today’s Saving
Potential
Power Supply
24%
Up to 90%
Lighting
21%
Up to 80%
Motor Control
55%
Up to 40%
Sources: U.S. EIA (Energy Information Administration), STMicroelectronics
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Infrastructure Efficiency
SMART Grid
What is a Smart Grid
Power Generation
Consumer
Information
Infrastructure
Electrical Infrastructure
Smart meters
Traditional
power plants
megabytes of data to move…
Solar
generation
Smart house
Multi-Way Communications and Power Flow
…megawatts of electricity efficiently
Wind farms
Plug-in vehicles
Electrical Infrastructure
In-House
Generation
Industry
Electrical Infrastructure
….Internet of energy
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Enabling Technologies in Smart Grid
Electrical Infrastructure
Renewable & Power Conversion
Metering & Automation
Smart Meters
Photovoltaic
 Dedicated ICs for smart junction box
 DC-DC ICs with embedded MPPT
 Thin Film Technology for PV panel
 Advanced Metrology ICs
 Real Time Clock with embedded anti-tamper
features
 Flow sensor
Efficient Power Conversion
Building Automation
 Off Line and DC-DC converters ICs
 New Materials (SiC &GaN)
 Advanced power transistors
e-Mobility
Plug-in Hybrid Electric Car
 Power Conversion ICs for Battery Management,
Charging and Load Balancing
..enabling
Smart Grid
 Sensors: MEMS, Temperature, Pressure,
Magnetometers, Touch sensing, iNEMO
 Intelligent ICs for Motor Drive
Connectivity
8-32 bit MCU
 Ultra low power ,
 High performance ,
 Embedded Connectivity &
Security
 Power Transistors, Power Modules & Advanced
Packages
Wireless Connectivity ICs




ZigBee SoC with Secured Data
Sub-Giga Hertz Transceivers ICs
Bluetooth Low Energy ICs
Near Field Communication (NFC)
Wired Connectivity
 Power Line Modem SoC
 Ethernet Transceivers ICs
 USB Transceivers ICs
Information Infrastructure
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SMART Grid Aims
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UK Smart Grid Solution- DECC
 26M homes
 2012 – 2019 Deployment
 100K homes per week at peak.
Requirements
 Low power / Low cost Micro’s
 A range of comms from RF to PLM
 Security systems
 Software for systems &
administration.
For ST and the UK these are our
strengths.
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Solid state lighting
& New Materials
Advanced Semiconductor Technological Evolution
Analog/RF
Baseline CMOS: CPU, Memory, Logic
“Moore’s Law ”: Miniaturization
“ More than Moore ”: technological diversification
Passives
130nm
HV
Power
Sensors
Actuators
Interacting with people
and environment
Non - Digital content:
System-in-Package
90nm
Biochips
SiP
65nm
45nm
32nm
22nm
.
.
.
Information
Processing
Digital content:
System-on-Chip
SoC
V
Beyond CMOS:
Quantum Computing,
Molecular Electronics
Spintronics
… Moore’s Law and More than Moore
Perfect fit for higher value systems required by today’s emerging applications.
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Energy Efficiency Optimization
Advanced Semiconductor
Technologies
Increasing power density, switching frequency and
efficiency
Two main paths … one converging result:
Embedded Software
Smart Systems
Combining advanced sensing, digital real-timemonitoring, efficient power actuation, hybrid
technologies and packaging
Harvesting
Device (PV,
Piezo, etc)
Sensors
Power
Management
Analog Front
End, Back End
Energy Storage:
Supercap,
Flexible
Batteries
Low Power
Digital
Processing
Wireless Transmission: RF low power, ZigBee, …
Power Actuators: SiC, GaN, Power MOSFET, IGBT
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Global Switch to Energy-Efficient Lighting
Buildings consume over 40% of total energy
and produce 21% of CO2 in the EU and US
Typical office energy consumption
Cooking
1%
Lighting is a major target of energy
efficiency improvement in buildings
Lighting
39%
Lighting energy consumption can be cut by 60-80%
through upgrades to efficient lighting systems
Office
equipment
8%
Water
heating
5%
Heating /
Cooling /
HVAC
26%
Other
uses
17%
Refrigeration
4%
The replacement of incandescent bulbs offers a huge energy-saving opportunity
• Reduced CO2 emissions by approximately 15 million tons per year
• Energy-saving bulbs can reduce a household's total electricity consumption by 10-15%,
saving the EU some 40 billion kWh a year (roughly equal to the annual consumption of
Romania)
Sources: U.S. EIA (Energy Information Administration), STMicroelectronics
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Savings in Lighting with Smart Systems

The performance of lighting is directly related to the technology of the light source
but also greatly depends on the control strategy:

Semiconductors are the fundamental building
blocks of today’s lamps and future generation
lighting systems.
 Miniaturization and new feature introductions are the
challenges we face for the improvement of future lighting
systems
Smart Systems for Lighting
PFC
Dimming
Power stage
Magnetic
parts
Filter
Anticipating market needs through
Lighting Smart Systems
Control
Unit
Connectivity
Advanced technologies and innovative solutions (i.e. topology, driving
techniques, remote monitoring, dimming,…) enable higher performance
and efficiency
… MORE power density in LESS space
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Innovation
Luminous
efficiency
LED >100 lm/W
More Light / Less Power
ICs for energy-efficient lighting systems:




Power Transistors
Lighting Controllers ICs
Microcontrollers
LED Drivers
Driver
TL 70 lm/W
Switching bulbs to CFL lamps in EU could save 11.5 TWh (2025)
Solutions for signage, backlighting, building, street lights:
CFL 50 lm/W
 Electronic Ballast for Tube Lamp
80% power savings
 LED Street Light Driver
with Solar Energy Charger
250W HPS Lamps
108W LED Lamps
 Signage Panels
Switch-off non active LED
Filament 15 lm/W
Source: STMicroelectronics
80% power savings
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System Solutions for LED Lighting
From undisputed
leadership in fluorescent
lamps to new generation
LED lighting
LCD
Backlighting
Street
Lighting
Decorative
Lighting
Triac / IGBT
Dimmer
Power MOSFETs
Diodes
(Schottky, Ultrafast)
PLM, ZigBee
Transceiver
Protections
(Transil)
Control
Unit
Auxiliary Power
Supply
High dimming
performances
LED
Retrofit
Superior
brightness
control
PWM Controller
ICs
LED Driver
ICs
Networked
architectures
for intelligent
LED cities
Compact and
efficient
solutions
LED Driver ICs
2015 TAM: $2.9B
CAGR 2011-2015: 25%
Source: IMS Research
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New Materials Semiconductors
2015 SiC and GaN power device TAM:
$0.5B
SiC Program
 600 V DIODE (Full Production)
 1200 V DIODE (Q4 2011)
 1200 V MOSFET (Q4 2011)
SiC MOSFET vs. 1200 V IGBT
GaN Program
 64% die size reduction
 100V / 50A Transistor (Q1 2012)
 650V / 200A Transistor (Q4 2012)
 300V POWER DIODE (Q3 2012)
 600V POWER DIODE (Q3 2012)
GaN Transistor vs. 650 V IGBT
 39% Power Saving
Dates of the first Engineering samples availability
Source: Yole Développement, STMicroelectronics
GaN CAGR 11-15: 189%; SiC CAGR 11-15:
49%
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Technology on a Chip
Component Design
 The challenge – a step change whist maintaining user expectations
 Products in the hand-held/mobile space have always been constrained
by the battery, the digital STB has evolved unconstrained into a power
hungry system. Existing products exhibit very little difference in power
consumption between “on” and “standby” modes, typically as little as
1W-2W difference (<5%)
 The Opportunity
 With approximately 25M households in Great Britain (source: NSO 2006
25.26M) and an 85% penetration rate for set-top-box consuming on
average 300KW/hr per year, the total power consumed is
~6.4TWh/year. A 50% power saving equates to 3.2TWh/year, or 2
million tons of CO2!
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Example of efficiency by design
• > 100M transistors.
• 2x128bit CPU’s
• 2x 32bit CPU’s
• A total of 13 CPU’s on Chip
• 55nM LP CMOS
Design of the device started in Feb
2007, first silicon March 2008 and
working silicon was demonstrated to
MP Ian Pearson, the then UK
Minister for Science, in July 2008.
Power measurement figures for the
device show a staggering 10x
reduction in power consumption
between active and stand-by
modes.
The STi7141 entered volume
production at the end of 2009.
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Activities to achieve power efficiency
Feature
Power/environmental Savings
Clock agility and gating
Power: Match power usage to functional Immediate saving with little software
task requested by the user.
interaction.
Mass Integration
Power: Fewer components, less heat
generation, removal of cooling fan.
Environmental: Lower overall silicon
manufacture, smaller PCB.
Low power process
Power: 10% power consumption saving
at 55nm LP process vs 65nm.
Efficient, low leakage.
Environmental: Smaller silicon area
Dual memory interface
Power: Reduction in idle/ standby
modes
Environmental: Lower overall silicon
due to more flexible mix of memories.
Power: 90% saving when in idle power
vs previous memory systems.
APPD (Auto Pre-charge Power
Down) memory interface support
Dual CPU architecture
Power: Reduction in CPU usage in
active-standby modes.
NAND flash boot
Power: Lower component count.
Environmental: Need for second boot
FLASH device removed.
Power: Deep sleep modes
Environmental: Extended lifetime of end
product
Flexible wake-up interrupt
Firmware based decoders
Comments
Low leakage especially important in
standby modes
Major system power saving in
standby (primary mode for STB).
Almost transparent to software.
Small power saving, BOM cost
reduction.
Software upgradable in the field as
standards evolve.
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HD Dual Tuner DVB-S2 Sat DVR
16.00
14.00
12.00
10.00
8.00
6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00
AC Power supply
DC Regulation
A/V Buffer, IR/etc
Ethernet
Memory
FE 6110s+0900+LNA
HDD (4W/1W)
7105 IO
Run 15.2W
Efficiency Averages:
• AC Power
• DC regulation
85% run
80% run
Active
Standby
6.1W
Passive
Standby
0.78W
75% active standby
70% active standby
7105 Core
70% passive standby
55% passive standby
•No LNB power
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Addendum – STiH415 Orly
• Sampling today 28nM
• Similar plus additional features to STi7141
• 7000DMips overall processing power
• Approx. 9W vs 15.2W operation
• Deep Standby 30mW vs 780mW
• Allows Box standby to be <0.5W
•Preliminary data
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Observation
• By
full
commitment to efficient design and deployment of
semiconductor solutions we can achieve 27% saving or 1188 TWh
versus a 4408 TWh projected EU 27 2030 total.
• That equates to removing almost all solid fuel electrical energy
production by 2030, and saving €200B in power plant investment.
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Conclusion
The most carbon neutral electrical
energy is that which is never used!
NegaJoules
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