Transcript Intel - W3Professors

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 Generally
Intel has been the dominant producer
of microprocessor chips
 AMD has proven to be a fierce competitor
 Competition stimulated the industry by producing
new and innovative microprocessors
 In the mid nineties Intel begins to face true
competition
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 1980’s-Intel
was the only true producer of
marketable computer chips
 1982-introduce 80286
 286 was able to run software of its prior
microprocessor
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 Within
6 years, 15 million 286’s are
installed around the world
 Intel
contracts third party companies to
produce 286’s and variants
 AMD
was one of these third party
companies
 AMD
became very efficient and capable of
being its own producer of microprocessors
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 1985,
Intel releases its 32-bit 386 microprocessor.
 Faster and capable of multitasking
 AMD, under licensed production, produces 386 chips
allowing Intel to meet market demands
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 During
the reign of the 386, AMD decides to
produce
its own CPU.
 1987-AMD began legal arbitration over rights to
produce their own chips.
 After 5 years of battle, the courts sided with
AMD.
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 1989-Intel
releases its 486DX.
 Allowed point and clicking
 Initially twice as fast as its predecessor.
 Intel continued to upgrade to speeds
reaching 66MHz.
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 1991-AMD
released Am386
 Intel’s 486 released two years prior
 AMD believed there still existed a market
 By October, AMD sold one million units
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 1993-AMD
releases first competing chip:
Am486
 1994-AMD improves chip with Am486DX
 Am486DX processes up to 100MHz
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 1993,
Intel realizes it cannot trademark
numbers “x86.”
 This allows AMD the ability to essentially
clone Intel’s chips
 Intel’s solution: dubs its new chip the
Pentium instead of releasing it as the “586”
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 Handles
and processes more media types such as
speech, sound , and photographic images.
 It
Offered multiple processing speeds up
to 200MHz.
 It
became well entrenched in the market
 During
this time, Intel truly dominated
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 1995-
AMD’s first attempt to compete with
the Pentium by introducing Am5x86
 It was really for those who wanted to
upgrade their 486 motherboards without
making a jump to the Pentium motherboard
 AMD did not fare well with this chip
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 1996-K5
 First
introduced
chip comparable to the Pentium
 Could
be placed in the same motherboard as
the Pentium, making it compatible
 Because
it was released 3 years after the Pentium,
it was met with cool reception
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 In
the previous year, Intel released the
Pentium Pro
 Able to handle more instructions per
clock cycle
 Intel’s ability to get a new chip on the
market before AMD has had the effect of
overshadowing any of AMD’s
microprocessors
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 1996-AMD
purchases the company NexGen
who were making a microprocessor of their
own
 AMD uses their core 686 processor to develop
the AMD K6
 Additionally, they slap on Intel’s MMX code
making it compatible with Pentiums.
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 K6
was released in 1997 and reached speeds
of 166Mhz to 200Mhz
 K6
was significantly cheaper than the
Pentium
 K6
was able to move up to speeds as high as
300MHz, out performing the Pentiums
 Intel
was ready for the challenge
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 Later
than year, Intel unveils the Pentium
II
 It
was equipped with MMX instructions,
ready to handle video, audio, and
graphics data
 Better
capable of handling video editing,
sending media via the Internet, and
reprocessing music
 By
1998, the Pentium began to climb in
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 K6
was doing well as a cost effective alternative to the
Pentium II, although it was an inferior chip
 In response, in 1998, Intel introduced its own cheaper
and inferiror microprocessor: the Celeron
 It was a stripped down version of the Pentium II
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 AMD
fights back with an enhanced K6 to take on the
Pentium II: the K6-2
 Their
K6 chip included what they called “3DNow”
technology
 3DNow
is an additional twenty-two instructions to
better handle audio, video, and graphic intensive
programs
 AMD
Intel
then releases K6-3 and proves to be a threat to
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 1999-Intel
responds by coming out with the
Pentium III
 It had an additional 70 instructions, improving its
ability to process advanced imaging, streaming
audio, video, & speech recognition programs
 One goal of the Pentium III was to enhance the
Internet experience
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 The
Athlon was a new chip from the ground up
 It was capable of doing everything the Pentium III
could do, but was much cheaper
 The Athlon was beating out the Pentium III
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 In
2000, Intel decides to launch a two pronged
attack against AMD
 First,
Intel fights for low-end market by
introducing the Celeron II
 It
ranges in speed between 500 and 1100MHz.
 It
was a stripped down processor with enhanced
speed
 It
was fairly cheap, making it competitive
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 Intel
 It
also introduces the Pentium IV
uses four main new technologies: Hyper
Pipelined Technology, Rapid Execution Engine,
Execution Trace Cache and a 400 MHz system bus
 Its
major improvement was increased speed,
initially starting at 1.5Ghz with ability for
expansion
 Today
it’s reaching upwards to a remarkable 3GHz
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 The
Pentium IV can now produce high quality video
 stream radio and TV quality information across the
internet
 Render upscale graphics in real-time
 Perform several applications simultaneously while
connected to the Internet
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 As
result of Intel’s attack on AMD, Intel is
once again dominating the market
 AMD’s response to the Celeron II was the
Duron, released the same year (2000)
 It is a geared down version of the Athlon, but
edges out the Celeron
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 The
Athlon chip was destroying the Pentium III, but
now is destined for the graveyard
 In
response to the Pentium IV, AMD enhanced the
Athlon by coming out with the XP series.
 Test
show that an Athlon XP running 1.4GHz performs
nearly as well as a Pentium of 2Ghz
 The
Athlon XP is a quality chip, but is fading away
under the onslaught of the heavy performance of the
Pentium IV
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 Intel
now holds edge over AMD in chip technology
 Rumored that AMD is developing a powerhouse chip
called the ClawHammer
 It is apparently in a testing stage
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 Our
goal has been to understand the
history and details of the competition and
their processors between Intel and Amd
 Also of importance are Chipsets
 Knowing some information on chipsets
helps determine an appropriate opinion
on Intel & AMD
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A
chipset is a group of integrated circuits,
sold as one unit, designed to perform one
or more related functions
 We are focused on chipsets that provide
functionality for the CPU
 We compared chipsets from both AMD and
Intel as well as an outside manufacturer,
who makes chipsets for both, VIA.
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Chipset
 Most
advanced chipset for the AMD CPU
 Consists of the VT8235 Southbridge and the
VT8377 Northbridge.
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 Front
Side Bus (FSB) up to 333Mhz
 Support for PC 3200 DDR Ram memory @ 400
Mhz
 North-South Bridge Link @ 533 Mhz
 5 available PCI slots
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 Lightening
fast memory
access: 2.7 Gb/s
 AGP @ 8X offers 2.1
Gb/s dedicated speed
to 3D graphics
 Fast 333 Mhz FSB
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 533
Mhz 8X V-link
interface between
North and South
bridge
 USB 2.0
 ATA133
 6 Channel Audio
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 Gigabyte
7VAXP
 Abit AT7 MAX2
 ASUS A7V8X
 MSI KT4 Ultra
 Soyo KT400 Ultra Dragon
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Using Soyo’s KT400 Ultra Dragon Motherboard
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Higher number better
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AMD 760 MPX Chipset
(Dual Processor)
 Consists
of the AMD-762 system controller
(northbridge) and the AMD-768 peripheral
bus controller (southbridge).
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 Front
Side Bus (FSB) up to 266 Mhz per
processor (533Mhz)
 Support for PC 2100 DDR Ram memory @ 266
Mhz
 North-South Bridge Link @ 66 Mhz
 Up to 7 available PCI slots
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
Two 266 MHz
point-to-point
AMD system buses

PC 2100 DDR
Ram memory @
266 Mhz

AGP 4X video
card support
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Host PCI bus utilizing a
66MHz/64-bit interface.
Secondary 33MHz/32-bit
PCI bus interface,
including PCI bus arbiter
with support for up to
eight external devices
 UDMA 33/66/100
compatible EIDE bus
master controller
 SMBus controller with
one SMBus port

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 Through
the AIPC bus, the Processors have
direct access to the south bridge
 Through the SMBus, the memory has the
direct access to the south bridge
 Disadvantage of direct access can be
potential data conflict
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 Designed
2
Main Chips
 MCH

Memory Controller Hub
Controls the high speed bus
 ICH2

for Xeon Processor
I/O controller Hub
Controls the peripheral devices
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 Memory
 64
Bit PCI connection
 Graphics
Accelerators
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 RDRAM
 Up
to 64 devices supported by the Paired
mode
 Single Channel-pair Mode

Utilizes memory modules ( 4 Gigabytes)
 Multiple

Channel- pair mode
Utilizes MRH-R to control the expanded
capabilities ( 16 Gigabytes of RAM)
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 400
MHz connection to the P64H chip

Allows for a fast connection to a high speed, PCI
device

High data transfer rate

High Speed

A pair are bundled in the chipset
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 MCH
connects to AGP 4X

Connection speed of 1 GB/s

High performance Accelerators supported

Does not Support 8X Accelerators
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 32
Bit PCI Bus
 LAN Controller
 I/O module

Keyboard, Mouse, Floppy disk drive, etc
 ATA
/ 100 (IDE standard for Hard Drive)
 4 USB Ports
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Feature
Supports two Intel Xeon Processors with
Benefit
NetBurst Microarchitecture and hyper-Threading
teconlogy
512 KB L2 chacke for dual-processing server platforms
400 MHz System Bus Capability
Balances the system bus band withd with the memory
Intel Hub Architecture with option P64H
Dual 64-bit 66 MHz I/O segments for fast drive access
and high speed networks
AGP 4X
1 GB/s of Graphics bandwidth allows high performance
Graphics
MRH-R (RDRAM Based repeater Hub)
Extends RDRAM memory capacities and increases
System scalability
Maximum memory performance(3.2 GB/s or 400MHz)
Dual RDRAM channels
Prefetch Cache
System concurrency so that simultaneous process
do not impact system performance
Dual USB Controllers
Enhanced plug and play with four full band width
USB ports
Note sourcecreated
(Intelby860
Chipset)
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Shrivastava
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 Highly
Structured
 Powered
 High
by up to 7 chips
performance
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 Designed
3
for the Pentium 4 processor
Segments in the Bus
 North
Bridge High speed bus
 South
Bridge peripheral devices
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 System

400 MHz
 Main

Bus
memory
Connection at 266 MHz
 Bottleneck
 Accelerated

Graphics Controller AGP
4X AGP support
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 Controls
32 bit PCI Bus (33 MHz)
 Supports
up to 6 USB devices

(2.0 Standard)
 Hard

Drive
IDE (ATA 33 / 66 / 100 )
 LAN
controller VT6103
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 Several



chips available
VT8233
VT8233C
VT8233A
 Each
with a unique function
 Price
drops
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 Supports
 400MHz
 AGP4X
Intel Pentium 4 Processor
(Quad 100) FSB setting
graphics
 Supports
DDR200/266 SDRAM as well as PC100/133
SDRAM
 Ultra
fast 266MB per second V-Link between North
and South Bridge
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 AC'97
and MC'97 Audio/Modem
 Integrated
3Com 10/100Mb Ethernet Media Access
Controller
 Support for 2 ATA 33/66/100 interfaces
6
USB ports, UHCI compliant
 Advanced
 Note
power management capabilities
Source: (Via P4X266)
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
Highly structured

Unique features

LAN, sound, modem integrated

4 GB of Ram

Promises to utilize Intel’s Quad bus
technology

Price conscientious
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pumping
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After serious consideration to:
 Chip performance
 Reliability
 Some research
 $50 from Intel’s PR


We conclude that the
860 chipset is the best chipset within this
Presentation
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created by :Gaurav Shrivastava
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