Transcript 11. Building Information Systems

Computer and Technology
Overview
Slides from Essentials of Management Information Systems
(5th ed.) , Laudon and Laudon, Prentice-Hall
Hardware Components of a Computer System
The Computer System
bit
byte

Binary digit

Represents smallest unit
of data in the form of
either 0 or 1
 String of bits, usually eight
 Stores one number or
character
The CPU and Primary Storage
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
 Manipulates symbols,
numbers, and letters
 Controls other parts of
the computer system
Primary Storage
 Temporarily stores
program instructions
 Data being used by the
instructions
Computer Processing
Microprocessors
and
Processing
Power
Name
Date
Transistors
Microns
Clock
speed
Data
width
MIPS
8080
1974
6,000
6
2 MHz
8 bits
0.64
16 bits
8088
1979
29,000
3
5 MHz
8-bit bus
0.33
80286
1982
134,000
1.5
6 MHz
16 bits
1
80386
1985
275,000
1.5
16 MHz
32 bits
5
80486
1989
1,200,000
1
25 MHz
32 bits
20
32 bits


Integrated
circuit
technology
Integrates the
computer’s
memory, logic,
and control on a
single chip
Pentium
Pentium
II
Pentium
III
Pentium
4
Pentium
4
"Prescott"
1993
3,100,000
0.8
60 MHz
64-bit bus
100
32 bits
1997
7,500,000
0.35
233 MHz
64-bit bus
~300
32 bits
1999
9,500,000
0.25
450 MHz
64-bit bus
~510
32 bits
2000
42,000,000
0.18
1.5 GHz
64-bit bus
~1,700
32 bits
2004
125,000,000
0.09
3.6 GHz
64-bit bus
~7,000
Sequential and Parallel Processing
Batch and On-Line Input and Processing
Batch processing
 Transactions accumulated and stored
until processing
On-line processing
 Transactions are entered directly into
computer and processed immediately
Exercise: Identifying Hardware Requirements
Each year new students enter Muhlenberg and face
the decision of what PC to purchase and what
capabilities that PC should have. Suppose you are
asked to provide advice to new students.

In order to prepare your Personal Computer
Requirements presentation, identify the minimum
requirements that a computer system should have.

What features does the system have? What are
the advantages and disadvantages? What are the
upgrade options?
Deliverable: Summarize your findings and share your
findings with the class.
Computer Networks and Client/Server
Computing
 Distributed processing:
Distribution of processing
work among multiple
computers
 Centralized processing:
Accomplished by one large
central computer
 Client/server computing:
Splits processing between
“clients” and “servers” on
network
The Major Types of Software
Software for Enterprise Integration:
Enterprise Software and Middleware
Enterprise software
 Set of integrated modules
 Allows data to be used by multiple functions and
business processes
Middleware
 Allows two disparate applications to communicate
to exchange data
Web server
 Manages requests for Web pages on the computer
where they are stored