Transcript Chapter 5

Chapter 5
IT Infrastructure and
Emerging
Technologies
5.1
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• Define IT infrastructure and describe its components.
• Identify and describe the stages of IT infrastructure
evolution.
• Identify and describe the technology drivers of IT
infrastructure evolution.
• Assess contemporary computer hardware platform
trends.
• Assess contemporary software platform trends.
• Evaluate the challenges of managing IT infrastructure
and management solutions.
5.2
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies
DreamWorks Animation Turns to Technology for Production Support
• Problem: Gaining an edge in an intensely competitive
market, working with technology-intensive processes.
• Solutions: Deploy custom-built E-motion software to
render more realistic animations and increase quality of
films.
• HP processors, Linux, and high-speed network facilitate
rapid production schedule, increasing productivity.
• Demonstrates IT’s role in strengthening a firm’s product
and productivity beyond what human talent can
accomplish.
• Illustrates digital technology’s role in gaining an
advantage in a fiercely competitive market.
5.3
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies
IT Infrastructure
• Defining IT infrastructure
• Evolution of IT infrastructure: 1950-2007
• Electronic accounting machine era: 1930-1950
• General-purpose mainframe and minicomputer era: 1959 to
present
• Personal computer era: 1981 to present
• Client/server era: 1983 to present
• Enterprise Internet computing era: 1992 to present
5.4
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies
IT Infrastructure
• Technology drivers of infrastructure evolution
• Moore’s Law and microprocessing power
• The Law of Mass Digital Storage
• Metcalfe’s Law and network economics
• Declining communications costs and the Internet
• Standards and network effects
5.5
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies
IT Infrastructure
Moore’s Law and Microprocessor Performance
Packing more transistors into a tiny microprocessor has exponentially increased processing power.
Source: 2004 Intel Corporation; updated by the authors.
Figure 5-4
5.6
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies
IT Infrastructure
The Capacity of Hard Disk Drives Grows
Exponentially 1980-2007
From 1980 to 1990, hard disk drive capacities for PCs grew at the rate of 25 percent annual compound growth, but after 1990,
growth accelerated to more than 65 percent each year.
Figure 5-7
5.7
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies
Infrastructure Components
• Computer hardware platforms
• Computer software platforms
• Enterprise software applications
• Data management and storage
• Networking/telecommunications platforms
• Internet platforms
• Consulting and system integration services
5.8
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies
Hardware Platform Trends and Emerging Technologies
• The integration of computing and telecommunications
platforms
• Grid computing
• On-demand computing (utility computing)
• Autonomic computing and edge computing
• Virtualization and multicore processors
5.9
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies
Software Platform Trends and Emerging Technologies
• The rise of Linux and open-source software
• Java is everywhere
• Software for enterprise integration
• Web services and service-oriented architecture (SOA)
• Ajax, mashups, Web 2.0, and Web-based software
applications
5.10
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies
Software Platform Trends and Emerging Technologies
Is It Time for Open-Source?
• Read the Interactive Session: Technology, and then
discuss the following questions:
• What problems do Linux and other open-source software
address? How does open-source software help solve these
problems?
• What issues and challenges do open-source software
present? What can be done to address these issues?
• What are the business as well as the technology issues that
should be addressed when deciding whether to use opensource software?
5.11
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies
Software Platform Trends and Emerging Technologies
• Software outsourcing
• Changing sources of software
• Software packages and enterprise software
• Application service providers
• Software outsourcing
5.12
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies
Software Platform Trends and Emerging Technologies
Application Service Providers: Two Tales
• Read the Interactive Session: Technology, and then
discuss the following questions:
• Compare Thermos’s experience with an application software
provider with the experience of ResortCom.
• Why do you think Thermos had an easier time with a hosted
software service than ResortCom? What management,
organization, and technology factors account for this
difference?
• If your company was considering using an application service
provider, what management, organization, and technology
factors should be addressed when making your decision?
5.13
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies
Management Issues
• Dealing with infrastructure change
• Management and governance
• Making wise infrastructure investments
• Competitive forces model for IT infrastructure investment
• Total cost of ownership of technology assets
5.14
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies
Management Issues
Competitive Forces Model for IT Infrastructure
There are six factors you can use to answer the question, “How much should our firm spend on IT
infrastructure?”
Figure 5-15
5.15
© 2007 by Prentice Hall