Transcript chap004a

BUSI 240
Introduction to Information Systems
Tuesday & Thursday 8:05am – 9:30am
Wyant Lecture Hall
Please sign the roster on the back table.
4-1
Current Events – What’s going on?
Web Running Out of Addresses
Internet Sites, Carriers Are Laying the Groundwork for a New Ro
The Internet is about to run out of new addresses, a milestone that
is spurring Web giants like Facebook Inc. and Google Inc. to
develop new versions of their sites and prompting carriers like
AT&T Inc. and others to upgrade networks.
This week, the organization that oversees Internet addresses is
expected to dole out its last batch of existing Internet protocol
addresses, a step akin to telephone companies running out of
numbers to give customers.
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704254304576116401267588510.html?mod=WSJ_Tech_LEA
DTop
4-2
Current Events – What’s going on?
Do you know this about your cell phone?
http://abclocal.go.com/wabc/video?id=7621105
4-3
Current Events – What’s going on?
'Like' it or not, online ads are getting personal
Is the future of online advertising one of incredibly targeted
advertising based on your interests, online activities and Facebook
"likes," or is it one dictated by robust privacy controls that keep those
details out of the hands of marketers?
Increasingly, it seems to depend on who you ask.
In the past week, both Google and Mozilla (the organization that
makes the Firefox browser) have introduced ways to opt out of socalled behavioral advertising -- industry speak for ads that target
users through the use of cookies that can track your internet
browsing and shopping history, among other activities.
http://www.cnn.com/2011/TECH/social.media/01/28/personal.advertising/index.html
4-4
Current Events – What’s going on?
What Windows 7 Is Still Missing
Microsoft's latest operating system has been well received, but a
lot of important features, including system restore and automatic
updating of third-party software and drivers, didn't make the cut.
There's little question Windows 7 has been received with open
arms by users and admins. It fixed many of the problems that
plagued earlier versions of Windows, made good on the promises
that seemed only half-fulfilled with Vista, and introduced a slew of
new functions -- big and small -- that were also warmly received.
http://www.informationweek.com/news/windows/reviews/showArticle.jhtml;jsessionid=OWXSMT02GJ13ZQE1
GHRSKHWATMY32JVN?articleID=229000228#comments
4-5
Current Events – What’s going on?
Update: LG Confirms via Twitter. LG Optimus 3D
Picture Leaked Ahead Of MWC Reveal
LG has confirmed via its MWC Twitter account that the Optimus
3D will indeed be shown at the Mobile World Congress. They also
confirmed the glasses-free 3D display, 3D video capability, and
HDMI.
LG’s "Into the New Dimension" event is scheduled for February
14, but Phandroid has gotten a hold of an image that is purported
to be the LG Optimus 3D. Although a 3D display can’t be
confirmed by the picture, we can determine that this device is not
the LG Optimus 2X or LG Optimus Black.
http://www.androidpolice.com/2011/01/31/lg-optimus-3d-picture-leaked-ahead-of-mwc-reveal/
4-6
Current Events – What’s going on?
Considering this phone is set to be revealed in
two weeks, this certainly seems like a trustworthy
tip, and the specs, while awesome, are still
believable:
• At least a 4" screen
• Glasses-free 3D display
• Dual core processor (presumably Tegra 2)
• Front-facing camera
Even if you aren’t the biggest fan of 3D, the
Optimus 3D is still an impressive device. Now we
just have to wait until February 14 to get all the
official details.
4-7
Chapter
3b
Computer Hardware
History of computers
Types of computer systems
Hardware components and functions
Computer peripherals
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Construction and Operation of the
Hard Disk
3-9
The Difference Between Tracks and Cylinders
3-10
A platter from a 5.25" hard disk, with
20 concentric tracks drawn over the
surface. Each track is divided into 16
imaginary sectors.
Types of magnetic disks



3-11
Floppy disks
 Magnetic disk inside a plastic jacket
Hard disk drives
 Magnetic disk, access arms, and read/write heads in sealed
module
RAID (Redundant arrays of independent disks)
 Disk arrays of interconnected hard disk drives
 Fault tolerant with multiple copies on several disks
Flash drive
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New type of permanent
storage
Uses semiconductor memory
Small chip with thousands of
transistors
Easily transported
Also called jump drives, USB
flash drives
Source: Courtesy of Lexar Media.
3-12
Solid State Drive
Open casing of 2.5” traditional hard disk drive
(left) and solid-state drive (center).
3-13
Pros and Cons of SSD
Advantages
• Faster startup (read)
• Faster access to
data/applications (read)
• Constant performance (read)
• No Noise
• Higher mechanical reliability
• Larger range of operating
temperatures
• Lower weight and size
3-14
Disadvantages
• Price
• Capacity
• Vulnerability to abrupt power
loss
• Limited write cycles
• Higher Power Consumption
(overall)
Magnetic Tape
 Secondary
storage
 Tape reels and cartridges
 Used in robotic automated drive assemblies
 Archival storage and backup storage
3-15
Tape Library System
3-16
Optical Disks
3-17
Uses of optical disks
 Image
processing
 Long
term storage of historical files of images
 Scan documents and store on optical disks
 Publishing
materials
 Catalogs,
 Interactive
 Video
3-18
medium for fast access to reference
directories, etc.
multimedia applications
games, educational videos, etc.
Chapter
4a
Computer Software
Application Software
Systems Software
Operating Systems
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Types of software
4-20
Software types
 Application
 Performs
 System
software
information processing tasks for end users
software
 Manages
and supports operations of computer systems
and networks
4-21
Application software
 General
purpose
 Programs
that perform common information
processing jobs for end users
 E.g., word processing, spreadsheet, etc.
 Also called productivity packages
 Application-specific
 Programs
that support specific applications of end
users
 E.g., electronic commerce, customer relationship
management, etc.
4-22
Software classifications
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4-23
Classify based on how it was developed
Custom software
 Software applications that are developed within an
organization for use by that organization
COTS software
 Commercial Off-the-shelf (COTS)
 Software developed with the intention of selling the
software in multiple copies
Why would you choose Custom over COTS?
Why would you choose COTS over Custom?
Software Suites
4-24
Software Suites

Software suites integrate software packages
 Advantages:
Cost less than buying individual packages
 All have a similar GUI
 Work together well


Disadvantages
Features not used by all users
 Take a lot of disk space

4-25
Integrated Packages
 Integrated
 Combine
packages
the functions of several programs into one
package
 E.g., Microsoft Works, AppleWorks
 Advantages:

Many functions for lower price and smaller disk space
 Disadvantage

4-26
Limited functionality
Web Browser
 Software
applications that support navigation
through the point-and-click resources of the Web
 Surfing the web
 Becoming a universal software platform for Internetbased applications
 Microsoft Explorer, Netscape Navigator, Firefox,
Opera or Mozilla
4-27
E-mail, Instant Messaging and
Weblogs
 E-mail
 Software
to communicate by sending and receiving
messages and attachments via the Internet, intranet or
extranet
 Instant
messaging (IM)
 Receive
 Weblog
A
electronic messages instantly
or blog
personal website in dated log format
 Updated with new information about a subject or range
of subjects
4-28
Word processing and Desktop
publishing
 Word
processing
 Create,
edit, revise and print documents
 E.g., Microsoft Word, Lotus WordPro and Corel
WordPerfect
 Desktop
Publishing
 Produce
printed materials that look professionally
published
 E.g., Adobe PageMaker, Microsoft Publisher and
QuarkXPress
4-29
Electronic Spreadsheets and
Presentation Graphics
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4-30
Electronic Spreadsheets
 Worksheet of rows and columns
 Used for calculations and charts
 E.g., Lotus 1-2-3, Microsoft Excel, Corel QuattroPro
Presentation Graphics
 Convert numeric data into graphics displays
 Prepare multimedia presentations including graphics,
photos, animation, and video clips
 E.g., Microsoft PowerPoint, Lotus Freelance, Corel
Presentations
Personal Information Manager and
Groupware
 Personal
Information Manager (PIM)
 Software
for end user productivity and collaboration
 Store information about clients, schedules, manage
appointments, manage tasks
 E.g., Lotus Organizer, Microsoft Outlook
 Groupware
 Software
that helps workgroups collaborate on group
assignments
 E-mail, discussion groups, databases,
videoconferencing
 E.g., Lotus Notes, Novell GroupWise, Microsoft
Exchange
4-31
Software alternatives
 Outsourcing
development and maintenance of
software
 Application service providers (ASPs)
 Companies
that own, operate and maintain application
software and computer system resources
 Use the application for a fee over the Internet
 Pay-as-you-go
4-32
Software Licensing
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4-33
All software (COTS, ASP) is licensed
You don’t buy software: you buy a license to use the software
under the terms of the licensing agreement
Licensed to protect the vendor’s property rights