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NRAM
CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
WHY WE USE NRAM?
PROPERTIES
INTERNAL STRUCTURE
STORAGE IN NRAM
ADVANTAGES TO NRAM
BENEFITS
COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES
PROBLEM
QUOTE..
INTRODUCTIONCOMPANY
RAM
CARBON NANOTUBES
NRAM
 Nano-RAM is being developed by the Japan based
company Nantero
 Dr. Thomas Rueckes, Nantero's Chief Technology
Officer, uses carbon nanotubes as the active memory
elements of NRAM
 Dr. Rueckes uses nanotubes great conductivity to
create clusters of cells to form NRAM chips

The Company
◦ On the cutting-edge of nanotechnology
◦ Developing next-generation semiconductor devices
◦ Attempting to replace the traditional DRAM with NRAM
 Every day devices: computers, cell phones, PDAs, MP3 players,
digital cameras, etc.
RAM
 Random Access Memory
 RAM is a form of computer data storage
 RAM is a volatile type memory
 RAM can also be used as a much faster Hard Drive
Carbon nanotubes are the
strongest stiffest materials on
earth
Metallic nanotubes can have an
electrical current density more
than 1,000 times greater than
metals such as silver and copper.
Nanotube based transistors
have been made that operate at
room temperature and that are
capable of digital switching using
a single electron.
WHY WE USE NRAM?
 Properties
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Members of the fullerene family
One Carbon Atom Thick
100,000 times smaller than a human hair
Conductor of Electricity comparable to Copper
Stronger than Steel
Hard as a Diamond
Nano-switch Between Nanowires
Self-assembly
Nanotube Random Access Memory
Type of
Memory
Most Important
Feature
Applications
DRAM
High Density
Computer
Operating Memory
SRAM
Flash Memory
High Speed
Non-volatility
Cell Phones,
Computer Caches
PDAs, Cameras
MRAM
High Density
High Speed
Non-volatility
All Uses
NRAM
High Density
High Speed
Non-volatility
All Uses
Thomas Rueckes, Nantero, 2000
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INTERNAL STRUCTURE
STORAGE IN NRAM
NRAM works by balancing the on ridges of silicon.
Under differing electric charges, the tubes can be
physically swung into one or two positions
representing one and zeros. Because the tubes are
very small-under a thousands of time-this movement
is very fast and needs very little power, and because
the tubes are a thousand times conductive as copper
it is very to sense to read back the data. Once in
position the tubes stay there until a signal resets
them.
Applied charge make CNT ribbons bend down to touch the
substrate or bend up back to its original state.
Ribbon-up gives 'zero' and ribbon-down is 'one'.
Advantages to NRAM
 NRAM chips can be much
much less power.
smaller that todays DRAM NRAM can not be erased
chips
with magnets, radiation,
 NRAM is non-volatile
even power failure will not
corrupt data
 NRAM, unlike Flash
RAM, can read/write with
 Benefits
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Speed
Storage Capacity
Compatibility
Energy Conserver
Unaffected by Environmental Forces
 Competitive Advantages
◦ Saves Money
◦ Saves Time
◦ Saves Energy
Problem
The distance between the crossed wires has
to be controlled fairly precisely: one to two
nanometers
Assemble and aligning a large number of
these cross-wires. To make this pattern of
nanotubes with precise control of distance is
going to be the difficulty.
Not yet a reliable way to produce separate sets
of metallic and semiconducting nanotubes.
Quote
 NRAM is also unaffetced by strong magnetic fields
and extreme temperature changes like hot and cold.
add the fact that they are 100 times stronger than steel
and much more conductive than copper, nanotubes
are an interesting way of producing the specified
results. NRAM is a wonderfull thing in theory, now all
that is let is to wait and see.
 It has more advantages over problems
THANK YOU