Transcript Vapor Sensors Using Olfactory Proteins Coupled to Carbon

Vapor Sensors Using Olfactory
Proteins Coupled to Carbon
Nanotubes
Mitchell Lerner,
Brett Goldsmith, Joe
Mitala, Bohdana
Discher, Paul
Rhodes, A.T. Charlie
Johnson
University of
Pennsylvania
APS March 2010
Biological Olfaction
Mammal
Types of
Olfactory
Receptor Cells
Human
350
Mouse
1000
Rat
1500
Dog
1100
http://nobelprize.org/
• Number of discernable smells is much greater than
the number of types of olfactory receptor cells
(350 sensor types detect >10,000 odors for humans)
Experimental Objective
• Integrate biology with nanotechnology
http://nobelprize.org/
Nanotube Transistors
• Use standard techniques to construct state
of the art CNT transistors
Nanotube Functionalization
Olfactory receptor
Bare Nanotube
Diazonium
NTA
NHS
EDC
protein
saltin micelles
Experimental Design:
Attachment
• Confirmation of protein attachment to
nanotubes
1mm
Reproducible Sensing
blue arrow – inert gas
flush
green arrow – eugenol
exposure
• curves from 3 experiments showing a
reproducible response to eugenol for mOR174-9
• mOR 174-9 responds to eugenol in vivo
Sensor Timing
• experiment showing a response to cyclohexanone
for mOR 256-17
• mOR 256-17 responds to cyclohexanone in vivo
• Initial response k-1 3s, secondary response is 30s
• Recovery k-1 is 30s.
Concentration Dependence
• experiments showin responses for mOR 203-1
• mOR 203-1 responds to 2-heptanone in vivo
• fMRI studies show identical responses to 2-heptanone and
n-amyl acetate in mice
Each of the three proteins gives a
different set of reproducible,
concentration dependent responses
mOR 256-17
mOR 174-9
mOR 203-1
Summary
• We reproduced many properties of
biological sensing in an electronic device.
• Proteins are maintaining some features
found in vivo
• First use of G-protein coupled receptors
in electronic sensors
• Potential for application in hazardous
material detection and pharmaceutical
testing
Acknowledgements
DARPA RealNose Project
Evolved Machines
Paul Rhodes, Sam Khamis, Ryan Jones
Johnson Group - Penn
A.T.Charlie Johnson, Brett Goldsmith, Mitchell
Lerner, Ye Lu
Discher Group - Penn
Bohdana Discher, Joe Mitala
Brand Group - Monell
Joe Brand, Jesusa Josue, Alan Gelperin
Sliger Group - UIUC
Stephen Sliger, Tim Baybert
Luetje Group - UMiami
Chuck Luetje