Transcript CHAP 4

Journey Across the Life Span, 3rd Edition
Chapter 4
Communication
Journey Across the Life Span, 3rd Edition
Communication
 An interaction between two or more persons
 Communication process
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Message: expression or thought
Sender: delivers message
Method: way message is sent
Receiver: interprets message
Feedback: response
Journey Across the Life Span, 3rd Edition
Types of Communication
 Verbal—spoken or written words
 Nonverbal—use of body language
 Modes of nonverbal
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Physical appearance and dress
Facial expression
Gestures
Eye contact
Tone of voice
Touch
Silence
Journey Across the Life Span, 3rd Edition
Personality Types
 Passive or unassertive
 Aggressive
 Assertive
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Levels of Communication
 Social
 Therapeutic or purposeful
Journey Across the Life Span, 3rd Edition
Components of Therapeutic
Communication
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Listening
Warmth
Genuineness
Attentiveness
Empathy
Positive regard
Journey Across the Life Span, 3rd Edition
Functions of Therapeutic
Communication
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Create an understanding
Decrease anxiety
Provide information
Develop trust
Journey Across the Life Span, 3rd Edition
Phases of Therapeutic
Communication
 Orientation—learning about person, building trust
 Working—exploring thoughts and feelings
 Termination—ending the relationship
Journey Across the Life Span, 3rd Edition
Factors Affecting Communication
 Congruence—agreement between verbal and nonverbal
language
 Time and setting—when and where communication takes
place
 Proxemics—space between individuals
 Biases—prejudices or negative beliefs
 Physical handicaps—difficulties with vision and or
hearing
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Blocks to Communication
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Belittling
Disagreeing
Agreeing
Defending
Stereotyping
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Blocks to Communication (continued)
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False reassurance
Giving advice
Changing the subject
Closed-ended questions
Why questions
Probing
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Techniques to Enhance
Communication
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Giving information
Validating
Clarifying
Reflecting
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Techniques to Enhance
Communication (continued)
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Paraphrasing
Asking broad questions
Using general leads
Making an observation
Journey Across the Life Span, 3rd Edition
Techniques to Enhance
Communication (continued)
 Offering self
 Focusing
 Using humor
Journey Across the Life Span, 3rd Edition
Chapter Challenge
 Give the name and an example of the two types of
communication
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 B.
 Name three blocks to communication
 A.
 B.
 C.
 List three techniques to enhance communication
 A.
 B.
 C.