Transcript Dia 1 - Cefic LRI

ECETOC Task Force, Cefic-LRI project ECO26
Adapting SimpleTreat for simulating behaviour of chemical substances during
industrial sewage treatment
J Struijs1,2, D van de Meent2,3, R van Zelm2, L Lautz2, T Breure2,3, E van der Grinten3, D Schowanek4, H Buchholz4,
P Mason4, R Patoux4, T Wolf4, T Austin4, P Mason4, J Tolls4, K van Leeuwen4, M Galay-Burgos4
1JSscience,
Zeist, The Netherlands; 2Department of Environmental Science, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands; 3RIVM, Bilthoven, The Netherlands;
4ECETOC Task Force, Brussels, Belgium
With support from Cefic-LRI, an ECETOC task force has expanded the application domain of the sewage treatment
simulation model SimpleTreat, allowing it to be used for other purposes than predicting fate of neutral organic
substances in municipal STPs. The model now used to calculate Exposure Potentials of a.o. pharmaceuticals.
Hydraulic residence time matters
New in SimpleTreat
• degradation, sorption to sludge, volatilization
air
Old model; kdeg 0 hr-1
water
combined
sludge
soil
New model; kdeg 0 hr -1; long HRT
100
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90
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90
80
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70
60
50
40
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60
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20
10
10
10
1.0
1.8
2.6
3.4
4.2
5.0
log Koc
 Ionizing chemicals Franco and Trapp (2010)
60
20
0
• beyond traditional neutral organics
Difference
% to water
solids
liquid
separation
% to water
municipal sewage
industrial sewage
hospital sewage
aerobic
biological
treatment
% to water
sewer
primary
solids
removal
5.8-2
-1
0
1
2
0
3
1.0
log H
1.8
2.6
log Koc
3.4
4.2
5.0
5.8-2
-1
0
1
3
2
0
1.0
log H
1.8
2.6
3.4
log Koc
4.2
5.0
5.8-2
-1
0
1
2
3
log H
• beyond traditional ‘municipal’
 variable BOD, HRT, SLR
 according to ECETOC Task Force (2015)
• J Struijs, D van de Meent, ECETOC Task Force (2016) Expanding the application domain
of SimpleTreat. Chemosphere, in preparation
simple2boxtreat
Exposure Potential
• release fractions to air, (waste)water, soil
• Air/Water/Soil model + SimpleTreat
 EU project SOLUTIONS: spERC-based release estimation model
 simple2boxtreat
• wastewater treatment
air
 release rates to air, STP effluent (to surface water), STP sludge (to soil) with SimpleTreat vs 4
• environmental fate : steady-state mass in air, water, soil)
 unit-world model, derived from SimpleBox vs 4
• calculate ep (kg / kg.s-1)
 mass in environment (kg) per unit mass used (kg.s-1)
 exposure potential ≡ extent of environmental exposure
from unit release rate
 ep A 
 kA
ep    k
 W
 WA
 ep S 
 k SA
k AW
kW
k SW
1
k AS   rf A 



kWS   rfW 
k S   rf S 
• D van de Meent, L Posthuma, S Fischer, J van Gils, J Struijs, A Striffler, J Baumeister, D
Stättler, N Aust (2016) Environmental release fractions and exposure potentials of REACH
chemicals . Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, in preparation
Validation SimpleTreat vs 4
• measured concs. in STP in/effluents
data from noPILLS project
data from literature
57 pharmaceuticals in 41 treatment plants
489 data points
• SimpleTreat right on average
 ‘Even when right on average, we may be
wrong most of the time’ (Valery Forbes)
• room for improvement
Pharmaceuticals in Sewage Treatment Effluent
• SimpleTreat good enough to be useful
diclofenac
ibuprofen
0.01
0.1
1
10
observed (ug/L)
• L Lautz, R van Zelm, J Struijs, D van de Meent (2016) On the validitiy of SimpleTreat for
simulation fate of pharmaceuticals during waste water treatment. Environmental Science and
Technology, in preparation
Conclusions
• application domain SimpleTreat expanded
• SimpleTreat validated for pharmaceuticals
• SimpleTreat essential element in EP calculation
TU309
contact [email protected]
Acknowledgement
• German Federal Environment Agency UBA
 calculate Exposure Potentials
 decision support system KnowSEC
• This study has demonstrated applicability of
SimpleTreat to treatment operations with ‘nonmuncipal’ HRT, BOD and/or SLR. No other
‘non-municipal’ water treatment practices
(trickling filter, membrane biofiltration, coal
filtration, ozonization, ....) have been studied.
0.01
0.001
0.001
soil
STP
• Validity demonstrated on the basis of data
pharma-related measurements, collected in
INTERREG project ‘noPILLS’ . Additional data
exist on other chemicals. These data have not
been used in the validity test shown here.
0.1
 ‘All model are wrong, but some are useful’
(George Box)
water
Discussion
1
modeled (ug/L)




10
release
• SimpleTreat can now be applied to ionizing
substances. Possibilities to cover other
categories of chemicals (surfactants, metals,
micro/nano particles) have not been studied.