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Islamic Terminology
Christina Hermann, Nia Hope, Merrick
Jansen
Blue 2; Ms. Tydings, 9/13/16
Jahannam
❖ It means fire refering to Hell.
❖ It is a place to suffer for sins until Allah shows
mercy.
❖ Different Versions
➢ Qu’ran
➢ Muhammad
(Campo)
❖ It is a
(“Jahannam”)
(Bakhshi)
gateway to Allah.
❖ The fear of this place encourages Muslims to
Yawm al-Din
It is translated as Judgement Day. Allah will
judge everyone by their sins. It is clearly
explained in the Qu’ran. On the day Allah will
give out life records in books. If the book is
placed in a person’s right hand they will go to
paradise, and if it is placed in their left hand
they go to Jahannah. Only Allah knows when
the day will come.
(Campo, “Day of Judgement”)
(“Symbol:Judgement”)
Caliph
The “successor” to Muhammad or “commander of
the faithful” (Keaney). He is not a prophet like
Muhammad, and he cannot have supreme authority.
The Sunni Muslims believe the rightful successor of
Muhammad is Abu Bakr. After his reign his fellow
successors engaged in civil wars. The Muslim
community was split between the Shii and Sunnis.
The Shii (Shites) refer to the caliph as the “inamate”
and believe he must be apart of Muhammad’s
bloodline (“Caliph”). Caliph is no longer used in
modern Islam.
(“The Prophet and His
Successors”)
Five Pillars of Islam
(HELLIER)
The five teachings and practices of the Islamic
faith. Given by Allah to the people. These
teachings are the foundation of the Islamic faith
and Muslims must follow them to be close to
both God and their community.
-Shahada (declaration of faith)
-Salat (prayer)
-Zakat (almsgiving)
-Sawm (fasting)
-Hajj (the pilgrimage to Mecca)
(Godong)
Hadith
This is the Arabic word for news or
story, these stories are considered
as reliable reports about the prophet
Muhammad. Hadiths are mostly
records of what the prophet
Mohammed did, said, and allowed in
the Islamic faith.
(British Library)
Hajj
(Granger)
Hajj is one of the Five Pillars of Islam. The
religious pilgrimage to Mecca. Mecca is the
site of the holiest shrine in Islam, the Kaaba.
The Kaaba is said to have been built by
Abraham and his son Ishmael. The first act
most pilgrims perform is a ritual circling of
the Kaaba. They circle the Kaaba seven
times, in imitating of the angels, that circle
God's throne.
(Campo).
(Mehmet Biber)
Hijrah/ Hijra
(Encyclopaedia Britannica)
The word Hijra comes from Arabic and it means
emigration or abandonment. Although that is the original
meaning, Muslims refers to it as the journey that
Muhammed took from Mecca to Medina. The English
translation is often mistaken as it usually translates as
“flight”.
Muhammed and his followers moved to medina and the
event was so influential to the faith that it became a
religious holiday for the faith. The holiday was created in
638 by Caliph Umar inb al-Khattab. Muhammed and his
followers were forced to move to medina because the
rulers of Mecca were feeling threatened by the new
religion that Muhammed was creating. After the
emigration the faith grew and attracted more followers.
Hijab
The hijab is a scarf that muslim women wear out of
modesty for their faith. The scarf or veil that covers the hair
and ears. The Quran says that the hijab is a veil or barrier
that stands between God and the created world (Stockdale).
The hijab also is a barrier between the genders, because
men and women are not supposed to dress alike in the
Islamic faith (Islam). The hijab’s purpose is to shield
women from the inappropriate glances of men, so women
can save themselves for their husband and for God.
(Birdsall)
Imam
An Imam is a leader in the Islamic faith and culture.
Imam’s can lead prayer or giving sermons at a
mosque. These important people in the Islamic faith
know the Quaran very well and educate the other
people in the faith. The Imam can either be a leader of
the mosque, or in terms of the religion. An example of
a famous Islamic Imam is Abraham,a prophet.
The two biggest sects in the religion, Sunni’s and
Shiat’s, were split on the idea of the Imam. The Sunni’s
use the term as a leader of a mosque opposed to the
Shiat’s who believe that the Imam is the leader of
Islam. The Shiat’s also believe that the next Imam
after Muhammad should have been his daughter’s
(Godong)
(Tass)
Muhammed
(De Agostini)
Muhammed is the most important prophet in the
Islamic faith. Although other prophets had been given
revelation from God, it is believed that Muhammed’s
revelation was the most pure of all from Allah. Although
he is a very important figure in Islam, muslims still
believe that he was still human and was just a
messenger that God chose. In 611 and angel appeared
to him, and he started spreading Allah’s teachings. By
622 he was becoming a threat to the pagan religions in
the area so he was forced to flee to Medina.
Muhammed died in 632.
Works Cited:
Alles, Gregory D., and Robert S. Ellwood. “Islam”. The Encyclopedia of World Religions, Revised Edition, Facts on File, 2006,
Modern World History Online. Web. 3 Sept. 2016
Alles, Gregory D., and Robert S. Ellwood. "Muhammad." World Religions Online. Infobase Learning. Web. 12 Sept. 2016.
Bakhshi, Malik. "Mohammed Touring Hell". 1400. Fine Art. Britannica ImageQuest. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 25 May 2016.
Image. 12 Sep 2016
British Library / Universal Images Group Rights Managed / For Education Use Only
"Caliph." Britannica School. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2 Sep. 2010. Web.12 Sep. 2016
Campo, Juan E. "Day of Judgment." World Religions Online. Infobase Learning. Web. 12 Sept.
Campo, Juan E. "Fire." World Religions Online. Infobase Learning. Web. 8 Sept. 2016.
Campo, Juan E. "Hadith." World Religions Online. Infobase Learning. Web. 12 Sept. 2016.
Campo, Juan E. "Hajj." World Religions Online. Infobase Learning. Web. 12 Sept. 2016.
Campo, Juan E. "Hijra." World Religions Online. Infobase Learning. Web. 12 Sept. 2016
2016
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Godong / Universal Images Group
Godong / UIG/Rights Managed / For Educational Use Only
"Hell." Britannica School. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 3 Jul. 2012.Web. 8 Sep. 2016.
Imam. Photograph. Britannica ImageQuest. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 25 May 2016. 12 Sep 2016.
“Islam.” Fashion, Costume, and Culture: Clothing, Headwear, Body Decoration, and Footwear Through the Ages. Ed. Sara
Pendergast, et al. 2nd ed. Vol. 6: Modern World III: 2000 to 2012 and Religious Vestments. Detroit: UXL, 2013. 1243-1260. Student
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"Jahannam." Britannica School. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 1 Jun. 2016.Web. 8 Sep. 2016.
John Birdsall MR / John Birdsall Social Issues Photo Library / Press Association Images / Universal Images Group
Keaney, Heather N. "Caliph." World Religions Online. Infobase Learning. Web. 12 Sept 2016.
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Rights Managed / For Educational Use Only
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Stockdale, Nancy L. "hijab." World Religions Online. Infobase Learning. Web. 3 Sept. 2016. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.
"Symbol: Judgement". Fine Art. Britannica ImageQuest. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 25 May 2016.
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Inc., 25 May 2016. 12 Sep