Transcript Ch. 10 Rise of Islam

Ch. 10 Rise of Islam
Group Review
Sec. 1 – Rise of Islam
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
How does Muhammad become prophet?
What is the holy book of Islam?
What are the 5 Pillars of Islam (list them)?
How did Muslims view Christians & Jews?
What is Sharia law?
How did Islam affect women?
Section 2 – Muslim Empire
1. Who was Abu Bakr and why was he important?
2. Explain the Sunni and Shiite split (how and/or why did it
happen).
3. Umayyad Empire – describe who, what, where, and when
it existed. Why were they successful? What were some
reasons for its decline?
4. Abbasid Empire – describe who, what, where, and when
it existed. Who founded the Abbasids? How did they
come to power? What did the Abbasids do differently
than the Umayyads? What was the capital?
5. Which group went to Spain? Why?
6. What groups invaded the Abbasid Empire? When?
Section 3 – Muslim Civilization Golden Age
Social & Economic Adv.
1. Describe: trade network, goods, agriculture, social
structure, and slavery.
Muslim Art, Literature, and Architecture
2. Describe the features of religious buildings and religious
art.
Education/Knowledge
3. What was the “greatest center of Muslim learning?”
4. Identify why each of the following people are
important: Ibn Rushd, Ibn Khaldun, al-Khwarizmi,
Muhammad al-Razi, Ibn Sina.
Section 4 – India’s Muslim Empire
1. Who was Akbar the Great?
2. What is a sultanate?
3. Delhi Sultanate – describe who/what started
Muslim rule in India.
4. How did Muslim rule change Indian
government and society?
5. How did relations between Hindus and
Muslims evolve over time?
Section 5 – Ottoman and Safavid Empires
Characteristics
Capital
Dates
Strongest ruler
Extent of Empire
Type of Islam
Relationship with Europe
Ottomans
Safavids
Sec. 1 – Rise of Islam
1. How does Muhammad become prophet?
He heard the voice of the angel Gabriel calling him.
2. What is the holy book of Islam?
Quran
3. What are the 5 Pillars of Islam (list them)?
Faith or belief in one God, daily prayer 5 times a day, concern and giving to
the needy, fasting during the month of Ramadan, (Hajj)pilgrimage to
Mecca.
4. How did Muslims view Christians & Jews?
Muslims viewed Christians and Jews as followers of the book, having
belief in one God.
5. What is Sharia law?
Islamic system of law.
6. How did Islam affect women?
Islam considered all followers as equal in the eyes of Allah. Some
practices adopted by conquered people did not always follow this belief in
practice.
Section 2 – Muslim Empire
1. Who was Abu Bakr and why was he important?
He was Muhammed’s father-in-law. He was the first caliph after
Muhammed.
2. Explain the Sunni and Shiite split (how and/or why did it
happen).
Those who followed Muhammad’s successors became Shiites. Those who
thought any good Muslim could become caliph became Sunnis. Sunnis
make up the majority of Muslims today.
3. Umayyad Empire – describe who, what, where, and when
it existed. Why were they successful? What were some
reasons for its decline?
The Umayyad empire (661-750)was made up of Sunni Muslims and its
capital was located in Damascus, Syria. They ruled from Spain to India.
They were successful because the Byzantine and Persian empires were
weak. They taxed non-Muslims and allowed Christians and Jews to
practice their religion because they were “people of the book.” They
prohibited looting of conquered people. It began to decline because the
leaders did not know how to rule a large empire.
S. 2
1. Abbasid Empire – describe who, what, where, and
when it existed. Who founded the Abbasids? How
did they come to power? What did the Abbasids
do differently than the Umayyads? What was the
capital?
Abu al-Abbas, a Shiite, came to power when he captured Damascus
and had the Umayyad family killed. It lasted from (750-1258). They
moved the capital from Damascus to Baghdad.
2. Which group went to Spain? Why?
The surviving member of the Umayyads fled to Spain.
3. What groups invaded the Abbasid Empire? When?
Seljuk Turks (900s) and Mongols (1200s).
Section 3 – Muslim Civilization Golden Age
Social & Economic Adv.
1. Describe: trade network, goods, agriculture, social structure, and slavery.
Islamic art and goods were in demand, which increased trade. New irrigation
systems helped agriculture flourish. Muslims enjoyed a degree of social
mobility. Slavery was common, but Muslims could not enslave other
Muslims.
Muslim Art, Literature, and Architecture
2. Describe the features of religious buildings and religious art.
Islamic buildings and art did not depict human figure. Mainly symbols.
Education/Knowledge
3. What was the “greatest center of Muslim learning?”
Baghdad
4. Identify why each of the following people are important:
Ibn Rushd – philosopher who put all knowledge to the test of reason (except the Quran)
Ibn Khaldun – Arab thinker who set standards for scientific study of history.
al-Khwarizmi – Muslim mathematician
Muhammad al-Razi – medical thinker
Ibn Sina – Persian physician who created a medical encyclopedia.
Section 4 – India’s Muslim Empire
1. Who was Akbar the Great?
The greatest leader of Mughal India
2. What is a sultanate?
Land ruled by a Sultan.
3. Delhi Sultanate – describe who/what started Muslim rule
in India.
(1206-1526) Started Muslim rule in India. Arabs, Turks and Afghans.
4. How did Muslim rule change Indian government and
society?
Turks, Persians, and Arab migrated to India and brought with them
systems of government, influences on art and architecture.
5. How did relations between Hindus and Muslims evolve
over time?
Muslim and Hindu religions clashed. Many lower caste Hindus converted
to Islam for social mobility. Also, Sikhism emerged which had aspects of
both religions.
Section 5 – Ottoman and Safavid Empires
Characteristics
Ottomans
Safavids
Constantinople/Istanbul
Isfahan
1450s – 1650s
1500s – 1700s
Suleiman
Shah Abbas
Asia Minor and Eastern
Balkans
Ottoman Empire to India
Sunnis
Shiites
Capital
Dates
Strongest ruler
Extent of Empire
Type of Islam
Relationship with Europe
European advances left the
Ottomans behind