Transcript Islamic Achievements

“Monotheistic Belief
Systems” Chart
then answer the following
question:
–How are Islam, Judaism,
& Christianity similar?
–How are they different?
Christianity
Where: Church
Holy Book: Bible
Day of the week: Sunday
Deity/Leader: God &
Jesus
Judaism
Where: Synagogue
Holy Book: Torah
Day of the week: Saturday
Deity/Leader: God and
Moses
Islam
Where: Mosque
Holy Book: Koran
Day of the week: Friday
Deity/Leader: God and
Muhammad
Answer for “Islam Expands”
Assignment: Questions #1-3
They were tolerant of
conquered peoples.
2. The Umayyads were not
Muhammad’s descendants.
3. Religion, Language, and
Trade.
1.
Answer for “Islam Expands”
Assignment: (on back) 5 Pillars
 Five
Pillars of Islam:
–Faith—believe in 1 god, Allah
–Prayer—five times every day
–Alms—give money to the needy
–Fasting—eat no food from sunrise
to sunset for 1 month (Ramadan)
–Pilgrimage—one in life, go to Mecca
Answer for “Islam Expands”
Assignment: Vocabulary Matching
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
A
F
C
G
H
6. D
7. B
8. I
9. K
10. M
11. E
12. N
13. M
14. L
15. O
16. P
Islamic Achievements Activity
For each slide, guess what
area of achievement you
think the image is depicting.
You will see the actually
answers as we continue.
#1
Islamic Achievements
 Number
System:
–Islamic scholars borrowed
Indian number system & spread
it through Mediterranean
–“Arabic” numbers include
groups of ten & concept of zero
• 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, etc.
• I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, etc.
#2
Islamic Achievements
Algebra:
–Developed “Al-Jabar”
(algebra) to solve difficult
mathematical problems
–Substitute x, y, z for
numbers in order to solve
math problems
#3
Islamic Achievements
Chemistry:
–Islamic scholars were the 1st
to separate chemical
compounds from one
another
–Led to developments in
modern chemistry
#4
Islamic Achievements
Navigation:
–Astrolabe—sailors could
reliably determine location
by using the fixed position of
stars
–Lateen sail—triangular sails
allowed merchants to sail
with and into the wind
#5
Islamic Achievements
 Banking:
–Muslim caliphs created banks
throughout the empire that
extended credit to merchants
–Muslim trade grew because
merchants could cash checks in
any Islamic bank in the empire
#6
Islamic Achievements
Education:
–Scholars translated Greek,
Persian, Indian, Arabic texts
in the “House of Wisdom”
–This open-mindedness kept
alive many Greek ideas that
would have died otherwise
#7
Islamic Achievements
 Art:
–Muslim artists used geometric &
floral designs rather than
painting people or animals
–Left very unique artistic style
–Calligraphy is a beautiful
writing style that shows honor
for the written material
#8
Islamic Achievements
Chess:
–Indian game made popular
by Muslims offered an
intellectual challenge
#9
Islamic Achievements
Literature:
–Poetry considered to be
greatest Islamic artistic style;
usually sung & kept short
–Arabian Nights is a collection
of folktales about a genie in
magical lamp
#10
Islamic Achievements
Architecture:
–Muslims built beautiful
mosques to show respect for
Allah
–Used domes, columns,
golden writing, & geometric
designs