Transcript ISLAM - “to submit”

ISLAM - “to submit”
“There is no god but Allah:
Muhammad is the prophet of Allah”
http://www.smithsonianglobalsound.org/trackdetail.aspx?itemid=43342
Muhammad “The Prophet”
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born @ 570 CE in Mecca
raised by an Uncle
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Hermit: spent time in
solitude
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Quraish clan
prayed in mtn caves
Angel Gabriel appeared to him
 “RECITE”
 became QURAN
 Ramadan was t/month that Quran
was recited to Mu.
Khadija
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1st convert to Islam
Muhammad’s 1st wife
merchant
HEJIRA
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622 CE
first year of Muslim
Calendar
migration of Mu. &
Muslims fm Mecca to
Medina
Yathrib changed to Medina
(City o/t Prophet)
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2nd holiest site in Islam
630 CE: war w/ Meccans
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captures Mecca
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dedicates KA’ABA to Allah
smashes all idols
holiest site in Islam
Muhammad’s Miracles
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Heart cleansed with
snow by two angels
ascension to heaven:
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Dome o/t Rock
1500 Muslims drank
water from one vessel
from Mu’s hand
FIVE PILLARS of ISLAM
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Proclamation of Faith
Prayer five times a day
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Alms (charity) to the poor
& aged
Fasting during Ramadan
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facing Mecca
Gabriel spoke to Mu
month of Hejira
no food/water btwn sunrise
& sunset
Hajj: pilgrimage to Mecca
ONCE in a lifetime
The QURAN
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Muslim holy book
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exact word of Allah as
revealed to Mu. by Angel
Gabriel
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sits at the right hand of Allah
God becomes the Word
authority on religion,
politics, law, economics &
social life
forbidden to translate from
Arabic
link btwn all Muslims
Quranic teachings
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“people of the book”
– Jews & Christians
– treat w/ tolerance
be merciful & compassionate
repeat 1st Pillar three times in
front of male Muslim to become
a Muslim
“I divorce you” x3
Paradise or Hell (Judgment Day)
Hadith: traditional sayings o/t
prophet
Inshallah (the will of God)
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Belief in predestination
God controls all that happens
Golden Age of Islam (1st four Caliphs:
successors to the Prophet)
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Abu-Bakr (632-634 CE)
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Umar (634-644)
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Ridda Wars
captured Baghdad & Jerusalem
most of Persia conquered
murdered by Persian slave
Uthman (644-656)
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Mu’s father-in-law
– Ayesha
united all Arab tribes
captured Egypt & N. Africa
assassinated by fellow Muslims
Ali (656-661)
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Mu’s son-in-law (Fatima)
assassinated by own people
EXPANSION OF ISLAM
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Arab armies united by
their belief in Islam
Muslim warriors who
died in combat won a
place in paradise
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lure of riches (booty)
tolerant conquerors
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Jihad
special non-believers
tax
Commerce spread
Islamic Sects (divisions)
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Sunni Muslims
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Shi’ites (Shiah)
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any devout male Muslim can
be Caliph
high moral character
majority
only descendents of Ali can
be Caliph
12th Imam will return on
Judgement Day
only Imams can guide
Muslims to salvation
minority (except Iran & Iraq)
Sufism: mystical Islam
Islamic Art
Mosques
What is a muezzin?
What is a
minaret?
Islamic Customs and Laws
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Follow strict dietary laws– HALAL - name of Allah must be mentioned
while animal is slaughtered –
– Can’t eat pork
Can’t drink alcohol
No gambling
Can’t kill animals for sport
Strict punishments for crimes- In some strongly
Muslim countries there’s little difference between
religious laws and country laws. (i.e. Shari’ah)
99 names for God/Allah:
http://www.islamicity.com/Mosque/99names.htm
 How
to pray: http://muslim-canada.org/salaat.html
Women in Islam
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Men & women are spiritual
equals
Hijab shows Muslim
identity
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recognize intelligence, not
sexuality
seen as feminine
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Sunnah 4:3:
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Hadith:
If you fear that you
shall not be able to deal justly with the
orphans, marry women of your choice,
two or three or four; but if you fear that
you shall not be able to deal justly, then
marry only one.
“seeking knowledge is
mandatory for all Muslims”
The Islamic
(Arab) Empires
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Umayyad Dynasty (661750 CE)
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Damascus is capital
emphasized Arab culture
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Arabic main language
gov’t jobs went to Arabs
Abbassid Dynasty (7501258 CE)
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Baghdad (God given) is
capital
more than 1 million ppl
Muslim more important
than being Arab
built libraries, hospitals,
irrigation, mosques, schools