Transcript Muslim Civilization

Muslim Civilization
The Spread of Islam
• The prophet Muhammad died in 632 AD
• In the next 150 years, Islam spread west across
Northern Africa and into Spain
• It also spread across the Middle East to the borders of
India and China
• Merchants and traders spread Islam east and west
• In 717, Arab Muslims attacked Constantinople
• In 732, Arabs were defeated in France at the Battle of
Tours.
• That battle stopped the spread of Islam across Europe.
Muslim Civilization
Muslim Civilization
The Golden Age
• The Golden Age of Islam was a time of
advances and success
• The Islamic Empire of 800-1100 AD was
wealthy from trade.
• The capital, Baghdad, was a trade center.
• Islamic rulers called caliphs expanded the
empire through trade and conquest.
Muslim Civilization
Muslim Civilization
The Golden Age
• Muslim scholars made many contributions to
society
1. Math- Invented algebra, created number
system we use today, made contributions to
study of geometry
2. Medicine- Created first hospitals, trained first
pharmacists
3. Made contributions to science and literature
also.
Muslim Civilization
The Ottoman Empire
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The power of the caliphs lasted from 800-1100 AD
Like other rich empires, the Islamic Empire was attacked.
Mongols and Seljuk Turks attacked Baghdad.
In 1258, the last caliph was killed, and Baghdad was captured.
The Ottoman Turks, a different Muslim civilization, captured much of
the Islamic Empire in the 1300s and then conquered Constantinople
in 1453.
• The Muslim world was united under the Ottomans and the Ottoman
leader, the Sultan.
• The Ottomans were tolerant of Christians and Jews living in the
Empire.
• The Ottoman Empire grew wealthy through conquest and trade.
Muslim Civilization