Transcript Islam Review day

1. What does Islam mean in Arabic?
Surrender or submission to God in a
peaceful manner.
2. How did Muhammad rally the
Medina’s in order to take control of
Mecca? What methods were used to
do so?
Muhammad showed his religious, political,
and military skills. After he moved to
Medina his teachings convinced the
people to follow his leadership. The
migration to Medina was a turning point for
Muhammad. In 630, the Prophet and
10,000 followers marched to Mecca. After
entering the city, the idols in Kaaba were
destroyed.
3. What does Muhammad mean to
the Muslim people?
He was the last of the Prophets and founder
of Islam.
4. Explain the influence of the Quran.
The sacred text of the Muslim people that
represents Mohammad’s teachings. It
includes biblical history and ways to
conduct your life.
5. What were the Five Pillars of Islam?
Faith-There is no God but Allah.
Prayer-Five times a day.
Alms-Charity
Fasting-Ramadan
Pilgrimage to Mecca
6. How does the Shari’a support
the Muslim people?
A body of law that includes interpreting the
Quran. This regulates moral conduct,
family life, community, and business
practices.
• 7. How did the Muslim Empire handle
conquered people?
Muslim invaders converted Arabs and nonArabs. Those people who did not convert
could maintain their beliefs under the
conditions: pay a tax and tribute.
•
8. What were the differences between
Sunni and Shi’a Muslims?
Sunnis: A majority of Muslims who do not
believe that the successor to Muhammad
has to be the Prophet’s descendent. They
felt that a political leader called a Caliph
should be inspired by Muhammad and
follow ALLAH.
Shiites: believed that the true successor of
the Prophet was Shi’at Ali. Descendents
are called Imams--divine religious leaders.
Imams have the power to interpret the
Quran and the actions of the Prophet.
• 9. Why were some Muslims upset with the
Umayyad Caliphate?
Despite expanding the Islamic empire by
defeating the Byzantine and Persian
forces, the wealth of the Caliphate was
questioned. The Umayyad Caliphs
mistreated the Non-Arabs Muslims. Shiite
Muslims believed the Umayyad were
illegitimate leaders.
•
10. Where was the capital of the Abbasid
Empire? Baghdad
. Under the Abbasid Empire, why was
the House of Wisdom important?
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Intellectual center-scholars translated works
into Arabic
Cultural was enhanced.
12. What academic subject was alKhwarizmi known for?
• He studied Algebra and made the
standard Math textbook in Europe.
“Father of Arithmetic”
13. In regard to the Muslim population, what
link did Astronomy have with praying?
Muslim astronomers improved the
Astrolabe-a Greek invention. Now, they
could more accurately project positions on
earth and the sky.
• 14. How did Sikhism develop?
Sikhism was an example of cultural diffusion
and blending. A small minority in India,
mixed Hinduism with Islam.
15. How did Muslim invaders influence the
government of India?
The Sultans introduced Muslim traditions of
government. Persians and Arabs migrated.
Trade increased between Indian and
Muslim lands.
16. Why was Akbar successful?
Promoted tolerance, jobs were available to
Hindus, and ended the tax on them.
• 17. What did Mehmed II do after he conquered
Constantinople?
• He maintained peace among the different
groups and refused to force religion on
Non-Muslims.
18. What helped create the culture of the
Ottoman Empire?
They had an organized class system,
expanded education, and the arts were
influenced by the Persians and Arabs.
19. What were the accomplishments of
Suleiman?
Improved justice--fairness
Educated most classes
Set up Janizaries-elite force of the army
Architecture blossomed
20. In the tenth century, why was
Cordoba, Spain an important part
of Muslim and European culture?
This Spanish city became one of the world’s
most populated cities around 1000. It was
a cultural and economic center for Europe
at time “backwardness” on the continent.