West African Kingdoms
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Transcript West African Kingdoms
West African Kingdoms
Kingdoms of Wealth, Power, and
Intellectual Accomplishment
Ghana
First West African trading empire
Became rich because of its relative location
Located on trade route between Sahara (main
source of salt) and gold fields of Senegal River
Taxed goods passing through kingdom
Arab traders led trade (salt-gold) on caravan
Group of camels carrying goods
Mali
Malinke ruler took control of gold-salt trade
from Ghana
Wealth of empire came from
Taxes passing through kingdom
Tributes
Gifts of farm crops paid to Mali’s ruler by chiefs of
surrounding lands
Mali’s Leader
Leader of Mali people called mansa, or chief
Religious as well as political leader
Most important ruler Mansa Musa
Brought back Muslim scholars and made
Timbuktu a center of learning
Timbuktu
Mali built city of Timbuktu when took control of gold-
salt trade
Trading center of Mali & Songhai
Became center of Muslim learning
Great universities produced doctors, judges, priest and
other learned men
Muslim learning more important than gold-salt trade
Songhai
Sunni Ali, founder and first leader of kingdom
Skilled and ruthless fighter
Follower of Islam, religion of Muslim people
Took control of gold-salt trade from Mali
Wealth of kingdom came from taxes and
tributes
Songhai -continued
Askia Muhammad, another important leader
of kingdom
Attracted Islamic teachers and poets to
Timbuktu’s universities
Bantu People
Bantu: West African people who spoke Bantu
Learned to heat and shape iron
Made farming easier and created food
surpluses
Population increased
Bantu Migrations
Some of the largest migrations in human
history
Possible reason for migration
Looking for new land to farm
Bantu-speakers settled in Central and
Southern Africa
Introduced farming, herding, and iron tools to
these regions