Transcript Society in Iran (post-revolution)

Society in Iran
(post-revolution)
By: Lexi Williams, Eden Wenokur, Jennifer
Dang, Kelsie Morehead, Isaiah Hannafious,
and Kyle Weber
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Religion
Religion is extremely important to Iran.
• Islam is the official religion of Iran.
•
Other religions include, Zoroastrian, Jewish, Christian,
and Bahia.
• Fundamental beliefs of Muslims- the “oneness” of Allah
(God), that Muhammad is the last prophet, prayer, fasting,
and the pilgrimage to Mecca.
•
Iranian revolt of 1979 left most of Iran as Shia.
Within Islam
•
Shia and Sunni are two branches of Islam.
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Reason for split is the idea of who would have had
leadership after Muhammad’s death
• Differences in doctrine, ritual, law, theology, and religious
organization.
•
Constantly at odds.
Shia and Sunni
•
Sunni regard themselves as the more traditional
branch of Islam
•
Shia sees them selves as discriminated against.
• Sunni are the largest branch of Islam.
•
Only about 10% of Muslims are Shia.
• Sunni means” well-trodden path" or "tradition”
•
Shia means "party" or "partisans" of Ali
Role of Women in Society
• Men are more powerful than women and practically own
them as items
• In court, the women aren't worth as much as men are and
are not taken as seriously
• Women are looked down upon
Role of Women in Society
• In Iran the gender discrimination is still going strong,
segregation is still happening. On the buses women have
to sit in the back of the bus by law
• Women are still battling for equal rights
• Women cannot receive a passport unless her husband or
some other male relative gives her permission to
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Health
• Women and men have segregated hospitals
• Women’s health is actually controlled by their husband or
their father, especially in families where the men are in
power
• Women usually only have free care access to programs
that help them maternally and with birth care
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Clothing
• Usually, a chador is worn to cover all skin and hair of a
Muslim woman, the hands and face being acceptable.
• Some women who don’t have strict requirements about it
do not wear a chador, but instead a veil (hijab) is worn to
cover their hair. The veil was worn to show rebellion to
being “western”
• The veil was also worn to show Islam's accession into
Iran and the end to imperialism
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Clothing
• Showing skin and wearing regular clothing was seen to
be too “sexy” and too “ western”
• Eventually, the government tried to demand the women to
cover themselves up with veils and/or chadors, but the
women didn't take it easily because the women have
always had a problem with equality.
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Education
• Education is very important
• Islamization
• Schools are segregated
• After revolution, women’s education has improved and
grown a lot, with higher enrollment
Education
• 1 year pre-school (5 years old),
• 5 years primary(6-10),
• 3 years lower secondary(11-13),
• 3 years upper secondary(14-17),
• Vocational school or pre-university
• University/other higher education
Higher Education
• There are many universities, institutions, colleges
• Vocational schools (such as teacher-training colleges)
• There are private, public, state-run universities
The Family Unit
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Family is very important
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Father is the head of the family
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Children in the family
Family Dynamics
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Parental control
• Extended family
Daughters and Sons
• Double standards
• Clothing choice
Government
• Islamic Republic (Religion IS a part of the government)
• The government takes breaks on religious holidays, and
religion influences religious decisions.
Iranian Government
Officials
• Head of the Government: President Hasan Fereidun
Ruhani (instated August 3rd, 2013)
• Vice President: Mohammad Reza Rahimi (elected Sep.
13th 2009).
• Supreme Leader (Chief of State): Ali Hoseini-Khamenei.
The Constitution of the
Islamic Republic of Iran
• Originally adopted in 1979, replacing the previous
constitution, which was made in 1906.
• The Constitution was last modified in 1989.
• The Constitution’s section on government defines the
roles of religion in government, as well as the role of
democracy in religion.
Bibliography
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"Iran Chamber Society: The Constitution of Islamic Republic of Iran." Iran Chamber Society: The Constitution of
Islamic Republic of Iran. Iran Chamber Society, n.d. Web. 24 Sept. 2013
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"Government Profile: Iran." PBS. PBS, 8 Nov. 2005. Web. 24 Sept. 2013.
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"Central Intelligence Agency." The World Factbook. CIA, 11 Sept. 2013. Web. 24 Sept. 2013
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BEEMAN, WILLIAM O. "Countries and Their Cultures." Culture of Iran. http://www.everyculture.com/GeIt/Iran.html#b
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Price, Massoume. "Culture of Iran. Patriarchy and Parental Control in Iran." Culture of Iran. Patriarchy and Parental
Control in Iran. N.p., Oct. 2009
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Helen Chapin Metz, ed. Iran: A Country Study. Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress, 1987.
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Kar, Mehrangiz. "Women, the Victims of the Iranian Revolution." A Forum on Human Rights and Democracy in Iran.
5 Mar. 2010. Gozaar. 24 Sept. 2013 <http://www.gozaar.org/english/articlesen/Women-the-Victims-of-the-IranianRevolution.html>.
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Girgis, Monique. "Iran Chamber Society: Iranian Society: Women in pre-revolutionary, revolutionary and postrevolutionary Iran [Chapter Three]." Iran Chamber Society: Iranian Society: Women in pre-revolutionary,
revolutionary and post-revolutionary Iran [Chapter Three]. Iran Chamber Society. 24 Sept. 2013
<http://www.iranchamber.com/society/articles/women_prepost_revolutionary_iran3.php>.
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• "Women Pre and Post Iranian Revolution." SonjaBe.com. 13 Sept. 2011. Sonjabe.com. 24 Sept. 2013
<http://sonjabe.com/women-pre-and-post-iranian-revolution/%20>.
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"Women in Iran." World Savvy Monitor. 8 Mar. 2009. World Savy Monitor. 24 Sept. 2013
<http://worldsavvy.org/monitor/index.php?option=com_content>.
Bibliography
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"Iran Chamber Society: Education in Iran: The Iranian Educational System." Iran Chamber Society. N.p., 24 Sept.
2013. Web. 23 Sept. 2013. <http://www.iranchamber.com/education/articles/educational_system.php>.
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"Education in Post-Revolutionary Iran." EWENR, Education in Post-Revolutionary Iran. Ed. Robert Sedgwick. World
Education Services, n.d. Web. 24 Sept. 2013. <http://www.wes.org/ewenr/00may/practical.htm>.
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"Educational Attainment in Iran | Middle East Institute." Middle East Institute. N.p., 29 Jan. 2009. Web. 24 Sept.
2013. <http://www.mei.edu/content/educational-attainment-iran>.
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