Transcript Middle East Jeopardy Review

Middle East Review
Political
Economic
Religious
Social
$100
Intellectual
Area
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Political $100
“If a [noble] man puts out the eye of another [noble] man, his eye
shall be put out.”
“If he breaks another [noble] man’s bone, his bone shall be
broken.”
“If he puts out the eye of a [commoner] or breaks the bone of a
[commoner], he shall pay one silver mina.”
“If he puts out the eye of a man’s slave or breaks the bone of a
man’s slave, he shall pay one-half of its value.”
What does the excerpt above from the Code of
Hammurabi tell us about Babylonian society?
Political $200
• Used cuneiform writing system
• Organized into city-states
• Hammurabi Code
What ancient empire do the phrases above
describe?
Political $300
Which of the following is the best example of
a secular government in an Islamic nation of
the 20th century?
A. Ayatollah Khomeini’s Iran
B. Gammal Abdel Nassar’s Egypt
C. The Taliban in Afghanistan
D. Mohammad Khatami Ardakani’s Iran
E. The Saud family in Saudi Arabia
Political $400
• Originally, semi-nomadic Turks
• Had an elite fighting force of slave troops
made of Christian boys
• Islamic religious scholars served
administrative functions
Name the empire described above.
Political - $500
Name 2 of the 3 Muslim Empires established after
the collapse of the Mongolian Empire
Political $100-Answer
Babylonian society was marked by
social inequalities
Political $200-Answer
Mesopotamia = Land between the rivers
Political $300-Answer
Which of the following is the best example of a secular
government in an Islamic nation of the 20th century?
A. Ayatollah Khomeini’s Iran
B. Gammal Abdel Nassar’s Egypt
C. The Taliban in Afghanistan
D. Mohammad Khatami Ardakani’s Iran
E. The Saud family in Saudi Arabia
Political $400-Answer
• Originally, semi-nomadic Turks
• Had an elite fighting force of slave troops
made of Christian boys
• Islamic religious scholars served
administrative functions
The Ottoman Empire
Political $500 - Answer
Ottoman, Safavid, & Mughal Empire
Economic - $100
How did the discovery of petroleum affect the
Middle East in the late 20th Century?
Economic - $200
Which of the following were trading partners of the
Abbasid Empire?
A. India & Japan
B. Kingdom of the Kongo & China
C. The Mediterranean region and Benin
D. West Africa & Japan
E. The Mediterranean & China
Economic - $300
Many Middle Eastern societies are pastoral
nomadic. Describe this culture.
Economic - $400
Egypt tried to break away from the ________
__________ control over them; hence, Muhammad
Ali insisted that Egypt focus on exporting
only__________.
Economic - $500
The world energy crisis of the early 1970s
was caused in part by
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
Economic $100-Answer
The unequal distribution of petroleum resources
in the Middle East led to conflict and western
intervention
Economic $200-Answer
Which of the following were trading partners of the
Abbasid Empire?
A. India & Japan
B. Kingdom of the Kongo & China
C. The Mediterranean region and Benin
D. West Africa & Japan
E. The Mediterranean & China
Economic $300-Answer
Pastoral nomadic societies:
•Patrilineal
•Little social stratification
•Wives live with husband’s families
•Frequent intertribal warfare
•Dependent relationship between groups who
had more resources and groups less well off
Economic $400-Answer
Egypt tried to break away from the Ottoman
Empire’s control over them; hence, Muhammad
Ali insisted that Egypt focus on exporting only
cotton
Economic $500-Answer
The world energy crisis of the early 1970s
was caused in part by tensions
in the
Middle East and increasing
fuel consumption in the West
Religious - $100
What caused the split between the Sunnis and
Shi’ites?
Religious - $200
Name 3 monotheistic universal religions that
developed in the Middle East in order of their
creation
Religious - $300
How are Islam, Buddhism, and Christianity similar?
Religious - $400
What did the Zionists want?
Religious - $500
Name the 5 Pillars of Islam
Religious $100 - Answer
They disagreed over the succession to Muhammad:
Sunnis = caliphs are leaders, not religious
authorities
Shi’ites = the caliph is a religious and political
leader that should be held only by a descendant of
Muhammad
Religious $200 - Answer
Name 3 monotheistic universal religions that
developed in the Middle East in order of their
creation
Judaism, Christianity, Islam
Religious $300 - Answer
What do Islam, Buddhism, and Christianity have in
common?
They all believe in an existence after death,
stress a moral code of behavior, and have strong
missionary movements
Religious $400 - Answer
What did the Zionists want?
A homeland for Jews in Palestine
Religious $500 - Answer
The 5 Pillars of Islam:
1. Acceptance of Allah as the one and only true
god; Muhammad is his prophet
2. Pray 5x a day, facing Mecca
3. Alms to the poor
4. Fasting during the month of Ramadan
5. Pilgrimage to Mecca, if possible
Social $100
Describe women’s rights in Muslim society
before 800 C.E.
Social $200
The Ottoman instituted the ______________
reforms to stop the decline of the empire
Social $300
How were the Young Turks and the Meiji
Restoration similar?
Social $400
Explain Muslim and Christian views of
slavery
Social $500
After colonization, European nations divided Africa and the
Middle East without respect for ethnicity. Several nations
were created that contain opposing ethnic groups, resulting in
civil unrest in many countries.
Choose 2 modern nations below that have this problem
today:
A. Iran and Japan
B. Egypt and Mexico
C. Russia and India
D. Iraq and Rwanda
E. Mexico and India
Social $100 - Answer
According to Islamic law, women could
own property, inherit belongings, and have
dowries
Social $200 - Answer
The Ottoman instituted the Tanzimat
reforms to stop the decline of the empire
Social $300 - Answer
How were the Young Turks and the Meiji
Restoration similar?
Both wanted to modernize their nations to
compete with Europe
Social $400 - Answer
Explain Muslim & Christian views of
slavery
Muslims could not enslave their fellow Muslims;
Christians were willing to enslave any faith
Social $500 - Answer
After colonization, European nations divided Africa and the
Middle East without respect for ethnicity. Several nations
were created that contain opposing ethnic groups, resulting in
civil unrest in many countries.
Choose 2 modern nations below that have this problem
today:
A. Iran and Japan
B. Egypt and Mexico
C. Russia and India
D. Iraq and Rwanda
E. Mexico and India
Intellectual - $100
How did the Muslim world contribute to the revival
of European interest in Greek and Roman
literature?
What was this revival called?
Intellectual - $200
“We shall not repeat the past. We shall eradicate it by
restoring our rights in the Suez Canal. This money is
ours. The canal is the property of Egypt.
What Egyptian nationalist made this statement ?
Intellectual - $300
You would most likely find
this art work in a
a. Stupa
b. Mosque
c. Cathedral
d. Temple
e. marketplace
Intellectual - $400
Name the building, the features that make it
Islamic, and its modern day location
Intellectual - $500
List 3 Islamic scientific and medical advances
Intellectual - $100 - Answer
How did the Muslim world contribute to the revival
of European interest in Greek and Roman
literature?
Muslims preserved ancient Greek and Roman
texts
What was this revival called?
The Renaissance
Intellectual - $200 - Answer
Gamal Abdel Nasser
Intellectual - $300 - Answer
You would most likely find
this art work in a
a. Stupa
b.Mosque
c. Cathedral
d. Temple
e. marketplace
Intellectual - $400 - Answer
Mihrab (pulpit)
Building = Hagia Sophia
Islamic features = minarets
Minbar
(niche)
Location = Istanbul, Turkey
Intellectual - $500 - Answer
List 3 Islamic scientific advances:
1. Eye surgery
2. Cataract removal
3. Used live viruses to prevent contagious diseases
4. Compiled several medical encyclopedias and books
5. Astronomy
6. Algebra
7. Trigonometry
Area - $100
In 1991, the U.S. and a
coalition of Middle Eastern
nations responded to
________________ attack
on Kuwait with military
support. The war was
named for the strategic
waterway which provides
access to vast oil reserves
in the region. This
waterway is the
_______________
_____________.
Area - $200
What was the Intifada?
Area - $300
What 16th century empire does the orange area represent?
Explain how this empire collapsed
Area - $400
Define the Mandate System
Area - $500
Explain how Israel was created and why this
has led to instability in the Middle East
Area - $100 - Answer
• In 1991, the U.S. and a coalition of
Middle Eastern nations responded to
Iraq’s attack on Kuwait with military
support. The war was named for the
strategic waterway which provides
access to vast oil reserves in the
region. This waterway is the Persian
Gulf
• In 2003, the U.S., Britain, & 4 other
nations attacked Iraq because it
believed it was developing Weapons of
Mass Destruction (WMD) and
supporting terrorists. The invasion
created instability in Iraq and a civil war
developed. U.S. troops currently
remain in Iraq to support nation building
efforts.
Area - $200 - Answer
The Intifada (uprising):
• Part of the Arab-Israeli conflict
• Fought over control of Israel, which was
created by UN Resolution 181
• The lands used to create Israel were also
claimed by Palestinians
• In 1987, young Palestinians used homemade
bombs and rock to attack Israeli soldiers
• The Israeli government responded with violent
crackdowns
• Started weakening in the 19th Century
Area - $300 - Answer
• Called the “Eastern Question” or the
“Sick Man of Europe”
• Europeans shifted from land to sea routes
to trade with the Far East = reduced
Ottoman trade income
• Britain & France “propped up” the
Ottoman Empire with economic support to
counter-balance the growth of the
Russians
• Mid 1800’s, the Ottomans launched the
Tanzimat Reforms in an attempt to hold
off their collapse
• 1853-1854: Crimean War showed how
weak the empire was; Britain & France
helped them win against Russia
• Political unrest continued until its final
collapse after WWI
Ottoman Empire
Area - $400 - Answer
Mandate System:
• Created by the League of
Nations after WWI
• Europe divided up former
German and Ottoman
territories
• France took control of
mandates in Syria and
Lebanon
• Britain took control of
mandates in Iraq and Palestine
Area - $500 - Answer
• Britain was given control of the Palestine Mandate after WWI
• The Balfour Declaration promised the Jews a homeland in Palestine in
1917
• UN Resolution 181 created Israel in 1947
• Britain divided Palestine into an Arab and Jewish state
• The UN and the former Soviet Union recognized Israel’s sovereignty
• Arabs refused to recognize Israel
• The Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) was created to fight
the Jewish state
• Fighting began after the British withdrew in 1948
• Several conflicts:
- 6-Day War
- Yom Kippur War
Final Jeopardy
Summarize the causes and results of the
Iranian Revolution (1979).
Final Jeopardy-Answer
• 1941, the U.S. backed Muhammad Reza Pahlavi’s seizure of the
Iranian throne
• He declared himself Shah and began modernization and
westernization reforms.
• The Ayatollah Khomeini, an Islamic fundamentalist, opposed the
reforms
• Pahlavi fled in 1979 and Khomeini instituted a Shi’ite theocracy
• Khomeini overturned Pahlavi’s reforms
• Banned western movies, books, and music
• Imposed strict Muslim traditions
• Iran encourages the growth of Islamic republics throughout the
Middle East