Transcript Shoguns and Samurais

 Nara
- for the next 100
years it is known as the
Nara Period
 But
Smaller
Nara became the new
1. The city of ________
Capital of Japan.
__________
Chinese culture became a
2. The ___________
major influence in the city.
Buddhist temples and
3. The city has ___________
Shinto shrines throughout.
________
4. The Chinese influence is seen in the
Architecture and ___________.
Religion
________________

Japanese emperors added to the changes
begun by Prince Shotoku. They organized the
government
officials by rank.
Emperor gave jobs
to people in
powerful families
and they can pass
it down to their
son. For their
service they
received large
estates and Farms.
 The
Emperor
gave Nobles
farmers to
farm the land
>Japan had a
Census, a
counting of the
population.
>People paid
taxes in rice
and silk cloth.
>Men had to
serve in the
Army
Nobles from
5. Emperors would pick _________
Families to help govern.
powerful __________
Farms and
6. Nobles would be given _______
Farmers to work the land.
__________
7. A counting of the population is
Census
called a _________.
8. Taxes were paid to the emperor with
Rice and ____________.
Silk Cloth
______
Army
9. Men had to serve in the _______.

As the government grew strong, Buddhism
became more popular in Japan.
Buddhism
came to
Japan from
Korea
500 C.E

Japanese government officials and nobles
were the first to accept the new Religion.
600-700
C.E.
Buddhism
spread to
the
common
people.

Soon Buddhism became a major religion in
Japan and played a major role in the
government

Buddhism became more powerful and now there
was opposition to the religion and now the
fighting starts for control of the government

Instead of fighting with the Buddhist the
emperor left Nara and all the Buddhist monks
Japan from
10. Buddhism came to _______
Korea
_________.
Nobles were the first to embrace
11. ________
people
Buddhism then the Common
_________________.
12. Buddhism became a major Religion
________
in Japan and it became a part of the
Government
_______________.
Conflict grew between
13. Eventually __________
the Buddhist and the Shintoist.

794 C.E. Emperor Kammu move the capital
to Heian, later was called Kyoto.
Just like Nara a lot of
Chinese influence found

800 C.E. Emperors power declines. Why? After a
time of strong Emperors, a number of weak
emperors came to power. Many were children
Many Had
Regents –
people who
rule for
someone
too young
or too sick.

Emperors grew up and the regents would not
give up their power. Most regents came from the
Fujiwara Clan. Under the
Fujiwara
Emperors were
honored but
did not rule
instead the
emperors
studied
Buddhism. Or
wrote poetry in
their palace at
Heian

Fujiwara gained wealth and nobles gained land.
Japan gained more territory and to keep everyone
happy nobles stopped paying taxes and peasants
had to pay more
14. Emperor Kammu moved the capital
Nara to ________.
Heian
from _______
Strong to
15. Emperors went from _________
Weak many were ___________.
Children
________
Young
16. Many Emperors were too __________
Regents to help rule.
and they had __________
17. These regents were from the
Fujiwara clan.
__________
Power
18. Fujiwara grew to great ________.

To protect the land and enforce law, Nobles
formed private armies. They gave land to
Warriors in return protection
These
warriors
were called
SAMURAI

Samurais fought on horseback with swords,
daggers, bows and arrows. Their armor was
leather with steel scales threaded together with
silk cords.
Helmets
had horns
or crest
with scary
masks.

Samurai means “to Serve” and Samurais live by a
strict code called the Bushido “the way of the
warrior”.
The Code
demanded them
to be loyal to
their master
They have to be brave,
courageous, honorable
and not care about wealth

Samurai would rather die than betray their lord
or being captured. The loyalty of the Japanese
lasted all the way to Kamikaze pilots of WWII.
19. Nobles needed protection so they
Warriors called ___________.
Samurais
hired ___________
Land
20 . Samurais were given _______.
Horseback
21. Samurais fought on _____________
Swords daggers, ______
Bows and
with ________,
Arrows.
22. Samurais follow a code called
__________
Bushido and they will serve their
Master
________.
Die
23. Samurais would rather _____than
disgrace the code.

Japan’s local government and the Emperors
became dominated by Military Rulers called
Shoguns.

By 1100 C.E. the most powerful families begun
fighting each other using their Samurai armies.
They fought for land and to gain control over the
emperors government

This war was between the 2 most powerful
families, the Taira Clan and the Minamoto Clan.
Minamoto beat Taira in a sea battle near Shikoku
island.

He was the commander of the Minamoto Clan.
The Emperor from
the Yamato family
was worried the
Minamoto Family
would try to
replace them. So
they rewarded
Yoritomo to keep
him loyal to the
Yamato Clan.
24. Military Leaders were called
Shoguns
______________.
Clans
25. By 1100 C.E. powerful _______
started to fight against each other
Samurai armies.
with ___________
Taira against
26. 2 clans fought, _______
______________
Minamoto and the ____________
Minamoto
won.
Yoritomo was commander of the
27. ____________
Minamoto clan.

1192 the emperor gave the title of SHOGUN
to Yoritomo. Shogun means commander of
all of the emperors military forces.



Emperor decided to set up 2 governments
1 in Heian with Emperor in charge
Second in Kamakura led by the Shogun
It was Known as a
Shogunate
A government
run by the
Shogun and
Military rule.
It will last for 700
years
Was a ruthless ruler, killed most of his family
because he feared they would over throw him.
Appointed high ranking Samurais to Govern the
provinces, collect taxes, and keep the peace.
The Samurai
bound by
oath and
loyalty to the
Shogun.
They became
the leading
group in
Japan.

Yoritomo
28. The Yamato rewarded _____________
Shogun
with the title of ___________.
29. The Emperor set up 2
_ governments
Heian
Kamakura
1 in __________
and 1 in _____________.
30. Kamakura was controlled by
Shogunate
Yoritomo and was called ____________.
Ruthless ruler.
31. Yoritomo was a __________
Samurais to
32. Shoguns appointed ____________
Taxes
govern the province, collect _________,
Peace
and Keep the ________.

Kamakura Shogunate greatest challenge was when
the Mongols invaded Japan in 1274 and 1281.
Led by
Kublai
Khan

Kublai Khan sent out ships and warriors to
invade Japan but the Mongols were defeated by
the violent Pacific storms.

The storms smashed the Mongols ships and the
troops that made it ashore were easily defeated
by the Japanese
Japanese named the mighty TYPHOONS –
KAMIKAZES which means “divine wind” to honor
the Spirits that saved the island.

During WWII Japanese Pilots took the name
because of the sacrifice to protect the island.

Kublai Khan was the emperor of the
33. _______________
Mongol empire.
___________
34. In 1274 and 1281 the Mongols
_________ invaded
Japan. On their way they hit violent Storms
_______.
35. Mongol Ships were Smashed
__________ , the
boats and troops that made it were
Defeated by the Japanese.
___________
Typhoons were named
36. The ____________
Kamikazes
Wind
____________ which means “divine _______”
37. Japanese WWII Pilots were named
Kamikazes .
______________
Kamakura
Shogunate ruled
Japan until 1333
C.E.. Many Samurais
grew resentful, land
kept getting divided
between the
Samurais and it was
getting smaller and
smaller. Their
loyalty to the
Shogun weakened.

>The Samurais help
the emperor with
the rebellion and
the revolt was a
success. The
emperor did not
gain total control
and the loyalty of
the Samurai
because he did not
give them more
land.
Was a
general
who turned
against the
Emperor
and named
himself
Shogun in
1333.
Ashikaga
shogunate
began.

Proved to be
weak and
revolts broke
out across
Japan. Soon the
country was
divided into
small territories
and controlled
by military lords
called daimyo
(DY•mee•OH).

To the
emperor
and the
shogun.
However
they ruled
their land
like a small
kingdom.
To protect
their lands
the daimyo
had
samurai
armies.

Respect
38. Samurais started to lose __________
Shoguns
towards the ___________.
Emperor in a
39. Samurais aided the ___________
Kamakura Shogunate
revolt against the ________________________.
40. The revolt was successful but the
Ashikaga
emperor did not gain control, ____________
Takauji made himself Shogun.
_________
Weak Japan
41. He proved himself to be _______.
Small territories.
broke into _______
Daimyo
42. They were controlled by the _________.
They pledge loyalty to the Emperor
_________
Shoguns
and the___________.
To the Daimyo and they pledge loyalty to the
Daimyo and serve in times of war. In return the
daimyo gave them land. The bond of loyalty
between lord and vassal is Feudalism.

Japan’s Warriors fought each other from 1467-1477.
Heian, the capital, is now Kyoto, was almost
completely destroyed. They burned temples and
palaces as they passed through.
Japan tried to unite the country under 1 ruler.
They continued to fight Shoguns and daimyo but
they were too weak to overcome and rule.

Loyalty to the
43. The Samurai pledge _________
daimyo. This bond between lord and vassal
Feudalism
is called ____________.
Onin war lasted ___
10 years and
44. The _______
Samurais fought for control.
Japan’s ____________
Heian was almost completely
The city of ________
destroyed.
100 years __________
Shoguns and
45. For the next _____
__________
Daimyo fought for control of Japan none
were strong enough to unite the country.