Transcript Korea Three Kingdoms Forward

Korea
Three Kingdoms Forward
16
Pre-history

Ancient Chosun



The mythological unified Korean nation ruled
by Tangun from 2333 BC
Han tribes 300 BC+
Palais (your text) covers several early
kingdoms. We won’t
Three Kingdoms
About 50 BCE –
668 CE




Koguryo: Northern Korea
37 BC – 668 AD
Baekche: Southwestern
Korea 18 BC – 663 AD
Silla (Pronounced Sheila)
Southeastern Korea 57
AD – 668 AD (Victory)
Kaya (minor and short lived, usually ignored)
Three Kingdoms
 Koguryo:
North,
was the largest and
strongest


Included much of
Manchuria
Battled and resisted
China several times
Three Kingdoms:
Baekche -- Southwest



First to adopt
Buddhism
Sent scholars,
craftsmen and monks
to Japan
First destroyed by SillaTang alliance
Three Kingdoms:
Silla -- Southeast



Later developer
Builds alliance with
Tang China to
overthrow both
Baekche and Koguryo
by 668 CE
Unites Korea into
Unified Silla Dynasty
Three Kingdoms division replayed?



Three Kingdoms
Map
Current division
lines similar to
3-Kingdoms
South Korea also
divided into
East/West
regions for
domestic politics
Coincidence or
resurgence???
Contemporary
Korean Map
Unified Silla Dynasty
668 CE – 918 CE


Silla dynasty unifies
Korean Peninsula
Northern kingdom of
Parhae is also Korean
speaking but usually
placed into Manchurian
history
Parhae Kingdom
Ondol Heat


The world’s first
“centralized” heating
system
Developed 600-700 CE
Unified Silla
Sadae Principle




Sadae = “Serve the great”
Silla allied with Tang China to solve its problem
with Koguryo
 First works with Tang to destroy Baekche and
unify southern Peninsula
 Next works with Tang to destroy Koguryo and
unify more of Peninsula
Silla Korea recognizes its weakness
Alliance with China provides protector
Unified Silla
Sadae Principle

Tributary status with China provides






Guidance
Protection
Access to Chinese economy
Peace
Help with domestic disturbances if necessary
How does a small nation survive? Sadae

Watch for this repeating theme…
Unified Silla

Hwarang


Elite military academy
Teaches art, poetry, history, horsemanship,
and weaponry
Unified Silla

Religion and State in Silla



Unified Silla adopts Buddhism as official state
religion
Builds massive “Buddhist Nation Temple”
Pulkuksa
Pulkuksa
Sokaram
Unified Silla
Kyongju as Capital: Art, Architecture
 Burial practices
Royal Tombs
Unified Silla
Chomsongdae Observatory
Buddhist temple ceiling
Guard at
Buddhist
Temple Gate
Eaves from Korean
Buddhist Temple
Unified Silla Period
Buddhist Art
Unified Silla
Hereditary Government
 “True Bone” lineages
 Strict intermarriage
among nobles
 Yangban class leadership
Silla period court music

Confucian forms of ministries
 Structure looks Confucian
 No Meritocracy – Exams don’t mean anything
Unified Silla
Closing Scenes







Factionalism and corruption weaken Silla Dynasty
Restoration movements in both Baekche and Koguryo
Both gain independence
Later Baekche emerges but a splits internally between
father and son
Alliance between part of later Baekche and Later Koguryo
935 CE: Koguryo overthrows Silla to unify Korea again
Takes on the new dynastic name: Koryo -- hence Korea