Transcript Eating Disorders

Nutrition
– Chapter 4, Lesson 3 Creating a Healthy
Eating Plan (pp.116-121)
– Chapter 4, Lesson 4 Digestion and Excretion
(pp. 122-127)
– Chapter 4, Lesson 5 Body Image and Healthy
Weight (pp. 128-130)
– Chapter 4, Lesson 6 Maintaining a Healthy
Weight (pp. 131-135)
Nutrition
Description
– This unit will focus on making healthful food choices at
and away from home. Students will participate in class
discussion and activities that cover topics such as
media messages, fast food choices, and social and
cultural influences.
Nutrition
Essential Questions
1. What is the right weight for me?
2. What is the importance of energy balance?
Nutrition
Enduring Understanding
1. Being overweight or underweight can be
unhealthy.
2. Your weight is affected by the amount of calories
you consume and use for energy.
3. A healthy weight can help you avoid many
serious health problems.
Nutrition
Vocabulary
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Anorexia Nervosa
Binge Eating
Body Mass Index
Bulimia
Digestion
Digestive System
Eating Disorders
Enzyme
Excretion
Excretory System
Healthful Eating Habits
Tips for creating healthful eating habits include:
Eat a variety of food from all the food groups in the
recommended amounts.
Pay attention to your portions.
Keep the amount of high-fat or sugary foods to a
minimum.
Don’t skip meals.
Begin the Day with a Healthful Breakfast
By the time you wake up in the morning, you may
have gone 10 to 12 hours without eating.
If you start your day with a healthful breakfast, you
will have energy for later in the day.
Begin the Day with a Healthful Breakfast
Eat foods that are high in complex carbohydrates
– Oatmeal with fruit and milk, or eggs and toast
Consider a bean burrito
– Beans are high in protein and fiber
Drink a glass of low-fat milk and orange juice
Take breakfast with you if you are in a hurry
– String cheese, yogurt, fruit, whole-grain bagel
Packing a Healthful Lunch
If you eat a sandwich, use whole-grain bread
Consider a salad and choose fat-free dressing
Cheese sticks or yogurt will give you protein and
calcium
A cereal bar will give you carbohydrates
Eat fruit
Drink unsweetened fruit juice or bottled water
Smart Snacking
When snacking, choose foods that are nutrient
dense.
Nutrient dense Having a high amount of nutrients
relative to the number of calories
You can tell if a snack is nutrient dense by looking at
the MyPlate food groups.
Keeping Foods Safe
Keep your
hands, utensils,
and surfaces
clean.
Separate raw,
cooked, and
ready-to-eat
foods.
Serve safely.
Cook foods
thoroughly.
Follow directions.
Chill when
necessary.
When in doubt,
throw it out.
How Your Body Digests Food
Digestion begins in your mouth.
digestion The process by which the body breaks down food into
smaller pieces that can be absorbed by the blood and
sent to each cell in your body
How Your Body Digests Food
Food is processed in your body by the digestive
system.
digestive system The group of organs that work together to break
down foods into substances that your cells can use
The Meaning of Digest
The word digest comes from a
Latin word meaning “to separate.”
Where Does Digestion Begin?
When you crush food with your teeth, saliva mixes
with the food. Amylase, an enzyme in saliva, begins
breaking down carbohydrates in the food.
saliva A digestive juice produced by the salivary glands in your mouth
enzyme A substance that aids in the body’s chemical reactions
Where Does Digestion Begin?
Your Digestive Organs
After you swallow, food moves into your esophagus,
then into your stomach, then into the small
intestines.
small intestines A coiled tube from 20 to 23 feet long, in which
about 90 percent of digestion takes place
Your Digestive Organs
The liver and pancreas are two important organs in
the digestive system.
liver A digestive gland that secretes a substance called bile,
which helps to digest fats
pancreas A gland that helps the small intestine by producing
pancreatic juice, a blend of enzymes that breaks down
proteins, carbohydrates, and fats
Your Digestive Organs
The colon is the last stop for solid food the body
can’t digest.
colon A tube five to six feet in length that plays a
part in both digestion and excretion
Any water, vitamins, minerals, and salts left in the
food mixture are absorbed by the colon.
Removing Wastes
Excretion is a process of the excretory system.
excretion The process the body uses to get rid of waste
excretory system The group of organs that work together
to remove wastes
The excretory system also controls the body’s
water levels.
Removing Wastes
The kidneys help in the production of red blood cells
and the regulation of blood pressure.
kidneys Organs that remove waste material, including
salts, from the blood
The bladder stores urine until it is ready to be
passed out of the body.
Removing Wastes
Your body’s solid wastes are called feces, which are
stored in the colon until that organ becomes full.
Strong muscles in the wall of the colon begin to
contract, which is a signal that the colon must be
emptied.
Caring for Your Digestive and Excretory Systems
Tips for Caring for Your Digestive and Excretory Systems
Eat a balanced
diet with low-fat,
high-fiber foods
Drink plenty
of water.
Brush your teeth at least
twice a day, floss, and get
dental checkups twice a year.
Get regular
physical activity.
The USDA’s MyPlate
Good nutrition allows your body to grow and
function in a healthy way.
nutrition The process of taking in food and using it for
energy, growth, and good health
The USDA’s MyPlate
The USDA created the MyPlate food guidance
system to help you make healthful food choices.
MyPlate food guidance system A guide for developing a
healthful eating plan
http://www.choosemyplate.gov/
How to Meet Your Nutrient Needs
MyPlate makes recommendations on calorie
consumption.
calorie A unit of heat that measures the
energy available in foods
The MyPlate suggestions are based on your age,
gender, and level of physical activity.
How to Meet Your Nutrient Needs
How Many Calories Do You Need?
Gender/Age
Females,
Age 9–13
Males,
Age 9–13
Sedentary
Lifestyle
Moderately
Active Lifestyle
Active Lifestyle
1600 calories per day
1200 calories per day
2200 calories per day
1800 calories per day
2000 calories per day
2600 calories per day
How to Meet Your Nutrient Needs
What Are Your Food Group Needs Based on Calories?
Your Calorie Level
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
Fruits
1.5 cups
1.5 cups
2 cups
2 cups
2 cups
2 cups
Vegetables
2 cups
2.5 cups
3 cups
3 cups
3 cups
3.5 cups
Grains
5 ounces
6 ounces
6 ounces
7 ounces
8 ounces
9 ounces
Meat and Beans
5 ounces
5 ounces
5.5 ounces
6 ounces
6.5 ounces
6.5 ounces
Milk
3 cups
3 cups
3 cups
3 cups
3 cups
3 cups
Oils
5 tsp.
5 tsp.
6 tsp.
6 tsp.
7 tsp.
8 tsp.
Extra Calories
132
195
267
290
362
362
Eat a Variety of Foods
You can’t get all the nutrients your body needs
from just one food group.
Try to get 45 to 65 percent of you food calories
from carbohydrates, especially from low-fat,
nutrient-rich foods.
Influences on Food Choices
Influences on Food Choices
Look
Feel
Smell
Taste
Familiarity
Culture
Peers
Land
Climate
Local Agriculture
Media
Cost
Convenience
Getting the Nutrition Facts
Activity
• You have been hired by a nutritional company to examine
what kids are eating . Your role is to record everything
you eat for breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks for TWO
days. They are looking at calorie totals, fat totals,
carbohydrate totals, protein totals, and two
vitamins. ChooseMyPlate.gov is where you will
complete this task.
• Keep Track of what you eat by writing the foods you eat
on the myplate picture in the correct food groups for day
1 and day 2. Do this before you enter your day of food for
both days on choosemyplate.gov (keep this and turn it in
with the assignment, each day has one plate worksheet)
Make sure to enter Day 1 online, then Day 2 online on
different days; otherwise you will not have two separate
days to print out. You have to print the day you enter the
meals for that day’s nutrient intakes.
 If you do not have access to the internet at home, please
let me know I will arrange time for you to use a school
computer
How to Track a Meal
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Go to ChooseMyPlate.gov
On the right hand side in the blue box click on analyze my diet
Next click on assess your food intake
Log in by creating an account, it is free and easy
Then click save
Next click proceed to food intake
Enter food items by searching and then clicking on the food and the add button
After the food is added click select quantity under the food item
On the next screen go to the drop down bar and click the serving size you ate
Next to it is a small box labeled serving number: add the number of servings you ate
Next click enter food
Keep entering your foods until the whole day is put in
Then click save and analyze for day 1
Then click the box that says nutrient intakes
Click file, then print so that you have the page for day 1 to turn in
Look at the day and highlight the number of calories, fat, carbohydrates, protein, and pick two vitamins.
You will have to enter day 1 and day 2 on different days online to get both print outs…if you enter it all in
one day you will only have one print out.
Turn in: Day 1 nutrient intakes, Day 2 nutrient intakes and both myplate hand tracking tools.
Lunch Analysis Rubric
You have been hired by a nutritional company to examine what
kids are eating for lunch. Your role is to record everything you
eat for breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks for two days. They
are looking at calorie totals, fat totals, carbohydrate totals,
protein totals, and vitamins. Choosemyplate.gov is a source to
help you accomplish this task. You will present your research to
the “nutritional company”.
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Completed two days analyzing school lunch
_____/30
Calorie totals are present for each day
_____/8
Fat totals are present for each day
_____/8
Carbohydrate totals are present for each day
_____/8
Protein totals are present for each day
_____/8
AT LEAST TWO vitamins are present for each day
_____/8
All foods eaten are listed for each day on myplate worksheet _____/15
(Day 1 sheet filled out and Day 2 sheet filled out)
TOTAL
_____/85
Nutrition
• Considering Food Choices
Body Image
Body image can be influenced by the attitudes of
family and friends and images from the media.
body image The way you see your body
Trying to change your weight in extreme ways can
damage your health and be life threatening.
How to Develop a Positive Body Image
Accept yourself.
Remember that your growth stage affects your
body shape.
Set reasonable goals to gain or lose weight.
Finding Your Healthy Weight Range
The Body Mass Index (BMI) can tell you if your
weight is within a healthy range.
Body Mass Index A method for assessing your body size by
taking your height and weight into account
Finding Your Healthy Weight Range
Calculating BMI
1
Multiply your
weight in pounds
by 0.45.
2
Multiply your
height by inches
by 0.025.
Square the result.
3
Divide your answer
in step 1 by the
answer in step 2.
Finding Your Healthy Weight Range
Nutrition
Eating Disorders
The Benefits of a Healthy Weight
Being within a healthy weight range is important for
wellness and helps you have a positive body image.
The Benefits of a Healthy Weight
Being Overweight
Being Underweight
Increases risk of:
Increases risk of:
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High blood pressure
Cardiovascular disease
Type 2 diabetes
Cancer
Bone and muscle damage
Slow development
Fatigue
Immunity problems
Moodiness
Eating Disorders
People who feel bad about themselves or are
depressed are more likely to develop eating
disorders.
eating disorders Extreme eating behaviors that can lead to
serious illness or even death
If you think that someone you know has an eating
disorder, discuss this with an adult whom you trust.
Anorexia Nervosa
People with anorexia nervosa believe they are
overweight even if they are very thin.
anorexia nervosa An eating disorder in which a person strongly
fears gaining weight and starves herself or himself
Anorexia can cause blood pressure to drop and heart
damage.
Bulimia Nervosa
People with bulimia nervosa may purge themselves
by throwing up, using laxatives, or over exercising.
bulimia nervosa An eating disorder in which a person repeatedly eats
large amounts of food and then purges
Bulimia can damage the colon, liver, kidneys,
esophagus, and teeth.
Binge Eating
Binge eating is also called compulsive overeating.
binge eating A disorder in which a person repeatedly eats
too much food at a time
Binge eating can lead to weight gain, heart disease,
diabetes, and some types of cancer.
Calories and Weight
The Weight-Loss Energy Equation
1 pound = 3,500 calories
To lose 1 pound in two weeks:
• Eat 250 fewer calories a day
OR
• Burn 250 extra calories a day
through physical activity
250 calories
x 15 days = 3,500 calories
day
Tips for Maintaining a Healthy Weight
Balance the calories
you eat with the
calories your body burns.
Choose healthful foods
and stay physically active.
Drink plenty of water.
Eat larger servings if you
need to gain weight.
Eat smaller servings if you
need to lose weight.
Only eat when you are
hungry.
Chew food thoroughly.
Avoid fad diets.
Use the MyPyramid as
your guide.
Nutrition Labels
Nutrients
What Nutrients Do You Need?
Your body needs the nutrients in food to perform the
activities of daily life.
nutrients Substances in foods that your body needs to
grow, have energy, and stay healthy
Six Types of Nutrients
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
Carbohydrates
Your body uses carbohydrates as its main source
of energy.
carbohydrates The starches and sugars found in foods
Two Types of Carbohydrates
Simple
Complex
Carbohydrates
Some fiber is found in the tough, course part of
plant foods such as the bran in whole-grain wheat
and oats.
fiber A complex carbohydrate that the body
cannot break down for energy
Proteins
Proteins are made up of compounds called amino
acids.
proteins The nutrient group used to build and repair cells
Two Types of Proteins
Complete
Incomplete
Fats
Fats help build and maintain your cell membranes
fats Nutrients that promote normal growth, give you
energy, and keep your skin healthy
Fats carry vitamins A, D, E, and K to all parts of
the body.
Fats
Saturated fats are found in meat, poultry, butter, and
other dairy products.
saturated fats Fats that are usually solid at room temperature
Over time, eating too many saturated fats can
increase the risk of heart disease and other diseases.
Fats
Your body makes two types of cholesterol.
cholesterol The waxy, fat-like substance that the body uses to
build cells and make other substances
Two Types of Cholesterol
HDL (“good”)
LDL (“bad”)
Fats
Blood levels of LDL cholesterol can rise if you eat too
much trans fat, or trans fatty acids.
trans fatty acids A kind of fat formed when hydrogen is added
to vegetable oil during processing
Vitamins
Some vitamins help your body fight disease, while
others help your body produce energy.
vitamins Compounds that help to regulate body processes
Vitamins are either fat-soluble or water soluble.
Minerals
Minerals are important to your health.
minerals Substances the body uses to form healthy bones and
teeth, keep blood healthy, and keep the heart and other
organs working properly
Minerals
Mineral
What It Does
Where to Find It
Iron
Helps make red blood cells
Meat, poultry, beans
Calcium
Milk, cheese, and other dairy
products
Phosphorus
Helps build teeth and
bones and keeps them
strong
Potassium
Sodium Chloride
Helps maintain the body’s
fluid balance
Bananas, cantaloupe, fish,
vegetables, meats such as
chicken and turkey
Magnesium
Water
A person can only live about one week without water.
Carries nutrients
to your cells
Helps your body
remove waste
Water
Helps you digest
food
Helps regulate
your body
temperature
Guidelines for Good Nutrition
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the
Department of Health and Human Services have
developed the Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
Make Smart Food Choices
Eat a variety of nutritious foods every day.
Choose to eat fruit instead of drinking fruit juices.
Vary your vegetables and eat more of them.
Half of the grains you eat should be whole grains.
Eat enough calcium-rich foods.
Eat a variety of protein-rich foods.
Go easy on foods that are high in saturated fats.
When you eat meat, choose lean cuts and dishes that are baked, broiled, or grilled.
Avoid Too Much Sugar and Salt
Too Much Sugar…
• Fills you up an makes you
less likely to eat healthy
foods
• Promotes tooth decay
• Is stored as fat, causing
weight gain
Too Much Salt…
• Can increase blood pressure
Reading Ingredients Lists
Keep this in mind: Corn syrup,
dextrose, and sucrose are all
types of sugar. If they are
among the first three items in a
product’s ingredients list, the
amount of added sugar is high.
Nutrition Day 9
Discuss Calorie King/ My Plate homework
– Why do you think the U.S. government requires a
Nutrition Facts label on packaged foods?
– How does choosing healthful foods show that you
are taking responsibility for personal health
behavior?
– Why do you think it is often said that breakfast is
the most important meal of the day?
Nutrition Review
Students will know:
 Benefits of a Healthy
Weight
 Importance of Nutrients
to Good Health
 USDA Tips on Healthful
Eating
 Steps to Keeping Food
Safe
 Content-specific
Vocabulary (see
vocabulary list)
Students will be able to:
 Calculate total caloric
intake for a day.
 Identify nutrient-rich
foods.
 Design a dietary plan
which is suitable their
energy needs.
 Practice steps to keeping
food safe.