Transcript Chapter 8
Chapter 8 Eating Responsibly Lesson 1 • Nutrition and Your Life Nutrition • The study of nutrients and how the body uses them Overweight • Excess body fat Obesity • 20 percent above your recommended weight range Nutrients • Substances in food that your body needs Digestion • Process of breaking down food into a form your body can use. Diet • Pattern of eating that includes – What a person eats – How much a person eats – How often a person eats Factors that influence food choices Peer pressure Foods common in your culture Convenience Costs Personal taste Family traditions Religious traditions Availability Lesson 2 • Nutrients You Need Kinds of Nutrients • 1-those that provide energy – Proteins, carbohydrates and fats • 2-Those that make your body run smoothly – Vitamins, minerals and water • 3-Water helps – transport nutrients – lubricates your joints – Regulates body temperature Calories • The amount of energy your body gets from a food that is measured in units Metabolism • The process of converting the energy in food into energy your body can use Carbohydrates • Sugars and starches that occur naturally in foods, mainly in plants • Simple carbohydrates – Molecules that are separate • Fruit, vegetables, milk • Complex carbohydrates – Molecules that form long chains • Grains, rice, pasta, dried beans, potatoes Fats • • • • Provides energy Helps the body store vitamins Stores vitamins, A,D,E,K Saturated fats Proteins • Repair, build, and maintain cells and tissues – Beef, pork, veal, fish, poultry, eggs and most dairy products – Beans, nuts, and tofu are vegetable sources of protein Vitamins • Substances that help your body fight infections and other jobs – Water solubledissolves in water • C and B. Lack of C can cause scurvy – Fat soluble- stored in the body’s fat • ADEK • Lack of A could cause night blindness Minerals • Elements that are essential for good health. – Calcium and phosphorus keep bones – and muscles strong – Sodium and potassium regulate blood pressure – With the lack of zinc, you may develop coarse, brittle hair – Lack of iodine affects growth and causes • the thyroid to swell. Water • Carries nutrients and wastes throughout your body • Regulates body temperature • Blood circulation • Fills spaces between cells • Keeps joints moving smoothly Lesson 3 • Making Healthy Choices Dietary Guidelines for Americans • Are a set of suggestions developed by nutrition scientists and public health agencies to help with healthy habits Dietary Guidelines for Americans • 1 Choose healthy nutritious food – More grains, fruits, vegetables • 2 Stay fit – Have daily activity and stay at healthy weights • 3 Limit substances that increase disease risk – Foods that are low in saturated fat, trans fats, sugar, salt, and cholesterol My pyramid food guidance system • A system designed to help Americans make healthful food choices Nutrition Facts Label • Facts that are found on the outside of packages of food and helps you make good food choices Serving size • Is the standard amount of food that allows different foods to be compared with one another Portion • Is the amount of food that a person wants to eat Lesson 4 • Body Image Body Image • Is how you feel about and see your body Self-Esteem • How much you value, respect, and feel confident about yourself. Influences on the body image • 1-Family and friends • 2-Teachers and coaches • 3-The media Positive self-talk • Is a way of encouraging yourself by saying positive statements to yourself Lesson 5 • Eating Disorders Overexercising • Exercising too much to lose weight but can be harmful to your health Eating Disorders • A disease that involves an unhealthy concern with one’s body weight and shape Anorexia Nervosa • Self-starvation Signs and Symptoms • • • • • • • • Dry and dull hair and hair loss Dry skin Brittle nails Large weight loss over a short period of time. Abdominal pain Growth of fine body hair Feels cold all the time Feels faint or light headed Bulimia Nervosa • When a person eats large amounts of food then tries to remove the food from their body Signs and symptoms • Spends a lot of time thinking about food • Steal food • Take trips to the bathroom immediately after eating • Throw up after eating • Hide food in strange places • Exercise excessively Binging • Eating large amounts of food in a short period of time. Purging • Attempts to get rid of food. – Vomit – Laxitives – Diuretic – Overexercising Binge Eating Disorder • A person who cannot control how much they eat. They do not try to purge themselves. Signs of eating Disorders • 1- Dieting • 2-Pretending to eat • 3-Hiding or throwing away food • 4-Exercising for long periods of time • 5-Constantly talking or worrying about food • 6-Wearing baggy clothes • 7-Always complaining about how he or she looks Getting help • Find an adult that you trust • Find a time when you can speak to the person privately • Sit down and tell the person your concerns clearly Lesson 6 • A healthy body, a Healthy weight Healthy weight range • Is an estimate of how much you should weigh depending on your height and body frame BMI • Body mass index is a calculation that can help you determine your healthy weight range Fad Diets • Promises you quick weight loss with little effort Chapter 8 Eating Responsibly