Transcript File - Literacy WAGOLL!

They look just like a mountain... until they explode burying the country for miles around in hot ash and
boiling lava. So, what is a volcano, and what causes them to be so destructive?
A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s crust which allows magma, ash and gas to escapes from inside the
Earth. As a result, the magma (lava) from the volcano may form a hill or mountain.
Crust
What is the Earth made of?
Mantle
The Earth is made up of different layers. These are the crust, mantle, the Inner
outer core and the inner core. The thin outer layer is called the crust. (It is core
solid rock.) Underneath the crust there is a very thick, hot layer of liquid
Outer
rock, called the mantle. The Earth’s middle is called the core. It is hot,
core
runny metal on the outside and solid metal on the inside. The centre of the
earth is the hottest part of our planet.
The magma (liquid rock)
The pressure from the
How do volcanoes erupt?
in the mantle bubbles
heat builds up therefore
and boils because of the
producing ash and gas.
heat from the
The magma gathers in
underground layers.
the magma chamber.
Finally, the lava is
cooled and, as a
result, hardens
into volcanic rock.
The magma explodes
through the crater.
When it reaches the
surface, it is called lava.
This pressure causes
magma, ash and gas to
force its way up
through the vent.
Ash- small, fine particles of rock and glass created by a volcanic eruption.
Crater- a deep hollow at the top of a volcano.
Crust- the top layer of the Earth.
Gas- a phase of matter with particles spreads out, so consequently fills the
whole space it is in.
Lava- melted rock that flows down the volcano.
Liquid- a phases of matter that is runny and takes the shape of the bottom
of the container it is held in.
Magma- melted rock inside the Earth.
Magma Chamber- a hollow in a volcano filled with gas-rich magma.
Solid – a phrase of matter with particles close together. Its shape only
changes with force.
Vent- the channelway in a volcano where magma, ash and gas travels
through to reach the surface.
Mountain
Explode
Country
Boiling
Volcano
Destructive
Crust
Magma
Escapes
Earth
Different
Underneath
Liquid
Solid
Centre
Planet
Mantle
Producing
Gathers
causes
Force
Through
Crater
Finally
Volcanic
Causal connectives
As a result
Because
Therefore
As a consequence
Though
Even though
Then
Hence
Caused by
However
Nevertheless
So as
So
Yet
otherwise