Transcript The Great 28 Elements

The Great 28
Elements
Notes
By Miss Cole
Hydrogen
• Most abundant element in the universe
• Colorless, highly flammable gas
• Hindenburg disaster (1937)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GK4pycN
Hwg8
• Lightest gas
Helium
• Gas
• Used in electric light bulbs and fluorescent
tubes
• Helium balloons
Carbon
• Latin word “carbo” meaning “charcoal”
• Makes: Graphite, diamond, fossil fuels,
petroleum, gasoline, CO2
• In all living things
• Non-metal
Nitrogen
• Makes up 3/4 of air
• Needed for plant
growth
• Fertilizers
• Rocket Fuel
• Gunpowder
Oxygen
• 21% of the atmosphere
• Found in water and
most rocks/minerals
• Combines with all
elements except inert
gases
• Animals need it to
live/breath
Sodium
• Metallic
• Reacts explosively with water
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=92Mfric7J
Uc
• Found in salt
• Symbol from latin “natrium” a salt found in
nature.
Magnesium
•
•
•
•
•
Burns with a white flame
Solid
Second most common element
Abundant in nature
8th most abundant in the Earth’s crust
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K7rFtNMh
G8Q
Aluminum
• Ductile- able to be shaped without breaking
• Found in Earth’s crust but only mixed with
other elements
• Makes cans/foil
Silicon
• Found in Earth’s
crust
• Silica/silicates
• Glass, concrete,
bricks, pottery,
old implants
Phosphorus
•
•
•
•
Highly reactive
Poisonous
Solid
Allotropy- many forms,
same state (white, red,
black)
• Pyrotechnics, bombs,
fertilizers, detergents
Sulfur *correct spelling
•
•
•
•
•
Pale yellow
Rotten egg smell
Fireworks
Batteries
Insecticides
Chlorine
• Green/yellow gas
• Used to clean water,
bleaches
• Mustard gas used in
WWI
http://www.youtube
.com/watch?v=o8DH
0YtRQMc&list=PL5F
D323B65AE6B02B
Potassium
• Symbol “K” from Latin word “Kalium” (which means
potash)
• Metal
• Soaps
• Found in foods and our body needs it.
– Ex: bananas, white beans, spinach apricots, salmon
Calcium
• Basic part of
most
animals/plants
• Only found in
living things
• Dairy products
• Bones and
teeth do not
form well
without it
Chromium
• Steel-gray metallic element
• Used to make stainless steel
Manganese
• Used in steel
• Naturally magnetic
Iron
• Atomic symbol from the word “Ferrum” which
means iron.
• Rusts easily
• Most used metal
• Transports oxygen in the body (blood)
Cobalt
• From German word meaning “evil spirit” bc it
was poisonous
• Makes blue glass
• Ceramic pigments
Nickel
• Coins in the U.S/Canada
• From german word “kupfernickel” meaning
“devil’s copper” because it looked valuable
but is not copper
• Burglar-proof vaults
Copper
• Reddish-brown color
metal
• Conducts heat
• Tubing, pipes, wires,
coins
• MALLEABLE- able
to be shaped or bent
Zinc
• Bluish-white metal
• Used to form many
ALLOYS- mixture of metals
• Treat rashes
• gutters
Silver
• Highest thermal and
electrical CONDUCTIVITY of
metals (ability to pass
something on)
• Latin word “argentum”
meaning silver
• Jewelry, silverware,
fancy serving dishes
Tin
• Coats other metals to prevent
corrosion
• Latin word “stannum” for tin
• Coats steel cans
Iodine
• Medical tracer
• Dyes
• Table salt (iodized salt)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1NxvP0B1
h9M
Gold
• Latin word “Aurum” meaning gold
• Most malleable and ductile metal
• Precious metal currency, coins, jewelry, and
electronics
Mercury
• Silvery poisonous metallic
liquid at room temperature
• Hg from Greek for that
means water and silver
• Used in old thermometers
• Mercury poisoning
http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=VzgHr5BE4TU
Lead
• Latin “plumbum”
means lead
• Plumbing, solder,
shielding from
radiation
• Found in ORE-rocks
mined because they
contain minerals
• Poisoning from
old paint
Uranium
• RADIOACTIVE- sends out high energy radiation
from a nuclear reaction.
• Nuclear fuels
• Nuclear weapons
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fIbACkLU38