Transcript Ludus_-_Geology_-_Earth_Science_is_Rock_Solid_

Geology – Earth Science is Rock Solid- 1
(Middle School & High School)
•It’s Just a Bunch of Words
•The Inside Story
•I feel the Earth moving under my
feet.
•Time keeps on ticking, ticking into
the past.
•Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
•Our home plate is moving!
•It’s all a Plot!
Bill Lester
Author
“Minds to mold, values to instill and
characters to build.” - WJL
What you need to know.
About the Ludus
About KnowledgeRUs.com
About the Author
Acknowledgements,
Credits, and Thanks
Let’s Just Play the Ludus!
To the Categories
About the Ludus
Ludus is Latin for a game. When you play this you will see that it is sets of questions and problems
covering national and Colorado content standards. The equipment for this game includes a computer,
Microsoft Powerpoint software and peripherals. The game may be played with a class of
individuals, small groups, or the learners can play it individually at a computer. How the game is use
in learning is based on the teacher’s professional judgment. I have used it as a diagnostic tool,
guided practice tool, review tool, formative assessment, or individual practice tool. I have even used
it just as a game with my high school English Language Learners in my sheltered core math class.
The competition became fierce. With classes above 15 students, all of whom are learning English for
the first time, a Ludus allows me to observe the student read the English, speak the English, listen
to the English being spoken and write answers in English to the questions or problems (SIOP).
Vocabulary deemed important for the learner to know and apply is in the bold-faced type. Verbs are
bold-faced type and italicized.
The Ludus is designed to take learners through to the application taxon of Bloom’s Taxonomy. If it goes
beyond the application taxon, the author got lucky.
A teacher or learner can add more questions and answers to the categories. The action buttons with the
white font numbers are there for you to add your own questions and answers. The slides are there for
you to create. The hyperlinks are set-up. Just change the font color of the action button numbers
when your slides are done! You can go beyond the basic slides provided and add your own animated
gifs, pictures, etc., to add your personal touches. Just remember that the original Ludus is
copyrighted.
Game Score Sheets (Data Collection Sheets) are provided for you to aid you in your student progress
diagnosis. You may use them as hand-written tools or just use the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and
apply some of the statistics you have learned using the software.
About
KnowledgeRUs.com
About the Author
Let’s Just Play the Ludus!
To the Categories
About KnowledgeRUs.com
KnowledgeRUs.com is an education software supply company that
specializes in marketing inexpensive, content specific Microsoft
Powerpoint Ludus for the classroom teacher and interested students.
Additionally, Microsoft Powerpoint Powerbooks are also provided.
The Ludus and Powerbook can enhance classroom learning in a
number of pedagologically sound ways. There is a cadre of teachers
who produce these products and have used them in their own
classrooms for student learning. These products are designed for use
by educators and learners who enjoy using technology in the classroom
and can use it effectively for learning.
The software product can be easily produced, however, it takes time,
research, and tenacity to complete an excellent Ludus.
KnowledgeRUs.com has teachers who have taken the time, completed
the research and persevered to produce these products. You have the
opportunity to add your own personal “touches” to the product. As a
classroom teacher, you now have the time and energy to work with
your learners with these products and use technology for class. It is
another good tool to add to your teacher’s bag of skills for the our
youngsters’ learning.
About the
Ludus
About the Author
Let’s Just Play the Ludus!
To the Categories
About the Author
Bill Lester is the author. He is also the founder of
KnowledgeRUs.com. He has seventeen years of
classroom teaching and administration
experience under his expanding belt. He is a
licensed secondary science teacher in Colorado
and is highly qualified to teach mathematics. He
has taught Biology, Chemistry, Physics,
Astronomy, Geology, AP Physics, Sheltered
Core Science and Mathematics, and has been
involved in the IB Science program where he
teaches. In addition to being a MESA Advisor
and NHS Advisor, he has served on various
building and district committees for improving
the standards of excellence for students in his
district. Bill is a retired Navy Officer with both
active and reserve experiences, too numerous to
count, related to education from his service to
our nation.
Bill has degrees from the United States Naval
Academy, the University of Maryland, and the
University of Phoenix. He received his teaching
certification through Colorado State University.
As all teachers probably are, he is a life-long
learner and enjoys his ongoing education in
various programs such as the National Science
Foundation’s Center for Learning & Teaching in
the West or Center for Science, Mathematics and
Technology Education at Colorado State
University.
About
KnowledgeRUs.com
Bill is a dreamer, thinker, sleeper or just
a coffee drinker. But all four at once?
Photo Credit: Karen Jill Hudson, sister. At sea on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia
Let’s Just Play the Ludus!
About the Ludus
To the Categories
Acknowledgements, Credits, and Thanks
Many thanks to my wife, Nancy, for her patience with me in this undertaking. After my car accident in
2000 in which I suffered a brain injury, she has had to put up with quite a bit from me. I left my one
year in high school administration and returned to the science classroom where I struggled for
several years with my mental organizational skills, both at work and in the home.
Many thanks to my children, Nathan, Rebecca, and Sarah, who constantly keep me on the defensive with
my opinions and statements. They have played with the Ludus and provided some helpful authoring
feedback. I love children who challenge me! Now get back to your studies.
Many thanks to my colleagues who supported me in the classroom after my accident and challenged me to
continue growing as an educator and a life-long learner. You know who your are….Brad, Tina,
Diana, Hattie, Gail, Kurt, Gary, Sandy, Dick, and many others. I am on the moving train. I am not
on the platform waiting for the train to arrive or waiting for the conductor to yell “all aboard!”
Many thanks to Bob Martin and Darryl Meske who have been kind to volunteer as my business mentors.
It is always good to talk to someone with experience and a sense of humor about business that I can
appreciate.
Many thanks to my sister, Jill, for her surreptitious and candid photography skills, and for letting me use
a picture she took of me for my About the Author.
I would be remiss if I did not mention that this Ludus has been put together with software from Microsoft
(Microsoft Powerpoint and Microsoft Excel™), Texas Instruments (TI Interactive) and
Inspiration (Inspiration 8.0).
Finally, I have understood for the past seventeen years, that I can not profess my faith in the public
classroom setting, something about the separation of Church and state because I am the state
representative influencing young minds. The founder of this company does not have any rules,
regulations, or laws prohibiting speaking about this part of whom I am. So, I would like to
acknowledge and thank my Triune God for the blessings of life, liberty, health, and mind bestowed
upon me in this endeavor.
About
KnowledgeRUs.com
Let’s Just Play the Ludus!
About the Ludus
To the Categories
Main Ludus Categories
It’s Just a Bunch
of Words
Time keeps on ticking,
ticking into the past.
The Inside Story
I feel the Earth moving
under my feet.
Our home plate
is moving!
It’s all a plot!
Animal, Vegetable, or
Mineral
It’s Just a Bunch of Words
Questions (5 points each)
Ludus Main Categories
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Questions (5 points each)
Ludus Main Categories
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
The Inside Story
Questions (5 points each)
Ludus Main Categories
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Our home plate is moving!
Questions (5 points each)
Ludus Main Categories
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
I feel the Earth moving under my feet.
Questions (5 Points each)
Ludus Main Categories
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
It’s all a plot!
Questions (5 points each)
Ludus Main Categories
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
Questions (10 points each)
Ludus Main Categories
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Question 1
In 1669 Nicolaus Steno provided two
basic principles to the Geologic Time
Scale. They are _____.
Answer
Ludus Main Categories
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Answer 1
They are that (a) sedimentary
rocks are deposited in
horizontal layers and (b)
younger rocks layers are
deposited on older rock
layers.
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Category
Main
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Question 2
Jame Hutton and Charles Lyle
contributed an additional concept that
helped build the Geological Time
Scale. This concept is ______ and it is
_____.
Answer
Ludus Main Categories
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Answer 2
principle of uniformitarianism;
….and it is the principle that
natural processes are uniform in
frequency and magnitude over
large periods of time.
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Category
Main
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Question 3
What is William Smith’s principle of
faunal succession?
Answer
Ludus Main Categories
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Answer 3
Smith’s faunal succession is the
principle that fossils are found in
rocks in a definite order.
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Category
Main
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Question 4
How do Steno’s ideas and Smith’s
principle of faunal succession tie
in to the Geological Time Scale
(GTS).
Answer
Ludus Main Categories
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Answer 4
Steno’s ideas and Smith’s
principle of faunal succession
allowed others to set-up a
relative time scale.
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Category
Main
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Question 5
List the divisions of the GTS
from smallest to largest
time frames.
Answer
Ludus Main Categories
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Answer 5
age < epoch < period < era < eon
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Category
Main
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Question 6
Name the two eons of
the GTS.
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Answer 6
Phanerozoic and
PreCambrian
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Category
Main
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Question 7
Identify the eon that is thought to
coincide with the beginning of
life here on Earth.
Answer
Ludus Main Categories
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Answer 7
Phanerozoic eon
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Category
Main
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Question 8
Match the era with the phrase which
best “generally” identifies it.
a. _____ Paleozoic Era
b. _____ Mesozoic Era
c. _____ Cenozoic Era
Ludus Main Categories
A. “Age of Mammals”
B. “Age of Dinosaurs”
C. “Age of Fishes”
Answer
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Answer 8
aC, Bb, cA
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Category
Main
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Question 9
Describe the Jurassic Period providing
details that include animal types, plant
types, and when it happened.
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Answer 9
animal type(s)  dinosaurs, fish
plant type(s)  ferns
time  210 – 70 mya
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Category
Main
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Question 10
List three facts about the
Paleozoic Era.
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Answer 10
•
•
•
•
•
543 to 248 mya
Coal and limestone deposits from this era are
mined today.
Multi-celled organisms underwent an “explosion”
of diversity. All animal phyla appear.
Paleozoic continents experienced mountain
building along their edges. Shallow inland seas
formed.
Mass extinction of animal life occurs at its end.
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Category
Main
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Question 11
The Proterozoic era provides us
with the first evidence of fossil life
such as ______, _____, and _____.
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Answer 11
bacteria, archaeans, and
eukaryotic cells
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Category
Main
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Question 12
What would make the Holocene
epoch important?
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Answer 12
The Holocene epoch marks the beginning
of recorded human (homo sapiens
sapiens) history. Humans have advanced
in knowledge and technology more that
any other species. This species has
impacted the Earth more than any other
species.
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Category
Main
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Question 13
Why do geologists use radioactive
dating? List some examples of
radioisotopes that are used.
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Answer 13
Radioisotopes decay at predictable rates.
They are not affected by temperature,
physical changes or chemical changes.
Half-life examples: U-235, 0.7 billion years;
K-40, 1.25 billion years; and C-14, 5730
years.
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Category
Main
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Question 14
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Answer 14
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Category
Main
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Question 15
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Answer 15
Continue in
Category
Main
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Question 16
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Answer 16
Continue in
Category
Main
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Question 17
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Answer 17
Continue in
Category
Main
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Question 18
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Answer 18
Continue in
Category
Main
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Question 19
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Answer 19
Continue in
Category
Main
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Question 20
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
Time keeps on ticking, ticking into the past.
Answer 20
Continue in
Category
Main
The Inside Story
Question 1
The letter that indicates the
outer core is _____.
a. a
b. b
c. c
d. d
e. e
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
The Inside Story
Answer 1
d. d, outer core
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Category
Main
The Inside Story
Question 2
The letter that indicates the
crust is _____.
a. a
b. b
c. c
d. d
e. e
Answer
Ludus Main Categories
The Inside Story
Answer 2
a. a, crust
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Category
Main
The Inside Story
Question 3
The letter that indicates the
mesosphere is _____.
a. a
b. b
c. c
d. d
e. e
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
The Inside Story
Answer 3
c. c, mesosphere
Continue in
Category
Main
The Inside Story
Question 4
The letter that indicates the
lithosphere is _____.
a. a
b. b
c. c
d. d
e. e
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
The Inside Story
Answer 4
a. a, lithosphere
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Category
Main
The Inside Story
Question 5
The letter that indicates the
inner core is _____.
a. a
b. b
c. c
d. d
e. e
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
The Inside Story
Answer 5
e. e, inner core
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Category
Main
The Inside Story
Question 6
The letter that indicates the
athenosphere is _____.
a. a
b. b
c. c
d. d
e. e
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
The Inside Story
Answer 6
b. b, athenosphere
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Category
Main
The Inside Story
Question 7
The letter that indicates the
rockiest layer is _____.
a. a
b. b
c. c
d. d
e. e
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
The Inside Story
Answer 7
a. a, crust
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Category
Main
The Inside Story
Question 8
The letter that indicates the
layer with oxygen,
silicon, and aluminum
is _____.
a. a
b. b
c. c
d. d
e. e
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
The Inside Story
Answer 8
a. a, lithosphere
or crust
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Category
Main
The Inside Story
Question 9
The letter that indicates the
layer of solid iron is
_____.
a. a
b. b
c. c
d. d
e. e
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
The Inside Story
Answer 9
e. e, inner core
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Category
Main
The Inside Story
Question 10
The letter that indicates the
layer of liquid nickel is
_____.
a. a
b. b
c. c
d. d
e. e
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
The Inside Story
Answer 10
d. d, outer core
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Category
Main
The Inside Story
Question 11
Together the athenosphere and
mesosphere form the _____.
a. crust or lithosphere
b. athenosphere
c. mesosphere
d. mantle
Ludus Main Categories
e. inner core
f. outer core
Answer
g. core
The Inside Story
Answer 11
d. mantle
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Category
Main
The Inside Story
Question 12
Together the outer core and inner
core form the _____.
a. crust or lithosphere
b. athenosphere
c. mesosphere
d. mantle
Ludus Main Categories
e. inner core
f. outer core
Answer
g. core
The Inside Story
Answer 12
g. core
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Category
Main
The Inside Story
Question 13
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
The layer of the Earth with a temperature from
1600 to 3200 oC is the _____.
crust or lithosphere
athenosphere
mesosphere
mantle
inner core
Ludus Main Categories
outer core
core
Answer
The Inside Story
Answer 13
d. mantle
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Category
Main
The Inside Story
Question 14
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
The layer of the Earth with a temperature from
4000 to 4500 oC is the _____.
crust or lithosphere
athenosphere
mesosphere
mantle
core
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
The Inside Story
Answer 14
e. core
Continue in
Category
Main
The Inside Story
Question 15
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
The layer of the Earth with the greatest
thickness of 3200 to 3400 km is the _____.
crust or lithosphere
athenosphere
mesosphere
mantle
inner core
Ludus Main Categories
outer core
core
Answer
The Inside Story
Answer 15
d. mantle
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Category
Main
The Inside Story
Question 16
Rising, hot magma is
marked by letter
____.
a. A
b. B
c. C
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
The Inside Story
Answer 16
a. A
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Category
Main
The Inside Story
Question 17
The heat source in the
Earth is marked by
letter ____.
a. A
b. B
c. C
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
The Inside Story
Answer 17
c. C
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Category
Main
The Inside Story
Question 18
Sinking, cooling
magma is marked by
letter ____.
a. A
b. B
c. C
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
The Inside Story
Answer 18
b. B
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Category
Main
The Inside Story
Question 19
Rising, hot magma
rises because it is
____.
a. more dense
b. less dense
c. moves toward the
heat sink due to
attraction
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
The Inside Story
Answer 19
b. less dense
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Category
Main
The Inside Story
Question 20
Cooling magma sinks
because it is ____.
a. more dense
b. less dense
c. moves toward the
heat sink due to
attraction
Ludus Main Categories
Answer
The Inside Story
Answer 20
a. more dense
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Category
Main
Ludus Main
Categories
It’s all a plot!
Question 1
Study the graph below. The graph shows the profit of a
candy shop makes from selling cases of Sluggies (blue
line) and Sourbegees (red line). Complete the table.
Number of
Sluggies Sold
10
25
45
Profit in
Dollars
Answer
It’s all a plot!.
Answer 1
Continue in
Category
Number of
Sluggies Sold
Profit in
Dollars
10
300
25
750
45
1350
Main
It’s all a plot!
Ludus Main
Categories
Question 2
Study the graph below. The graph shows the profit of a candy shop
makes from selling cases of Sluggies (blue line) and Sourbegees
(red line). Complete the table.
Number of
Sourbegees
Sold
10
25
45
Profit in
Dollars
Answer
It’s all a plot!
Answer 2
Number of Profit in
Sourbegees Dollars
Sold
10
200
Continue in
Category
25
500
45
900
Main
Ludus Main
Categories
It’s all a plot!
Question 3
Study the graph below. How much does one case of Sluggies
(blue line) cost? Show your work and write the answer on
the line.
Answer
It’s all a plot!
Answer 3
Continue in
Category
Main
Ludus Main
Categories
It’s all a plot!
Question 4
In one day, the shop sold 20 cases of Sluggies (blue line) and
30 cases of Sourbegees (red line). The sale of which of
these items made more profit. In the space below, show
your work to find the difference in profit and write your
answers on the lines.
_____________________ made more profit.
Difference in profit $ _________________
Answer
It’s all a plot!
Answer 4
Continue in
Category
Main
Ludus Main
Categories
It’s all a plot!
Question 5
Plot the data below as a scattergram.
Study Time
(min)
Grades
(%)
30
40
40
85
50
60
70
60
70
80
80
80
90
90
100
95
Answer
It’s all a plot! Answer 5
Continue in
Category
Main
Ludus Main
Categories
It’s all a plot!
Question 6
It appears there is _______
correlation between
Grades and Study time.
a. a negative correlation
b. a positive correlation
c. no correlation
Answer
It’s all a plot!
Answer 6
b. a positive correlation
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Category
Main
Ludus Main
Categories
It’s all a plot!
Question 7
It appears there is _______ correlation between
Body Size and Intelligence.
a. a negative correlation
b. a positive correlation
c. no correlation
Answer
It’s all a plot!
Answer 7
c. no correlation
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Category
Main
Ludus Main
Categories
It’s all a plot!
Question 8
Describe the relationship below.
Answer
It’s all a plot! Answer 8
There is a positive correlation between
the temperature and water use.
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Category
Main
Ludus Main
Categories
It’s all a plot!
Question 9
Without using the phrases, positive correlation,
negative correlation, or no correlation, describe
the graph below.
Answer
It’s all a plot!
Answer 9
As the mass of the car (independent variable)
increases, the fuel consumption (dependent
variable) of the car decreases.
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Category
Main
Ludus Main
Categories
It’s all a plot!
Question 10
Without using the phrases like positive correlation,
negative correlation, or no correlation, describe the
relationship graph below.
Answer
It’s all a plot!
Answer 10
As the calorie intake per day per
week (independent variable)
increases, the weight of the
individual (dependent variable)
increases
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Category
Main
Ludus Main
Categories
It’s all a plot!
Question 11
You have 1000 atoms of radioisotope A.
It has a half-life of five years. Make a
data table of the decay of radioisotope A
through 50 years.
Answer
Time (years)
Atoms of
Radioisotope A
0
1000
5
500
10
250
15
125
20
63
25
31
30
15
35
8
40
4
45
2
50
1
Table: The Decay of
Radioisotope A over Time
It’s all a plot!.
Answer 11
Continue in
Category
Main
Ludus Main
Categories
It’s all a plot!
Question 12
You have 1000 atoms of radioisotope A.
It has a half-life of five years. Make a
graph of the decay of radioisotope A
through 50 years.
Answer
It’s all a plot!
Answer 12
Continue in
Category
Main
Ludus Main
Categories
It’s all a plot!
Question 13
Table: The Decay of
Radioisotope R over Time
Time (years)
0
Atoms of
Radioisotope A
8000
25
50
75
4000
2000
1000
Graph the data
in the table and
predict how
much time will
go by until 125
atoms remain.
Answer
It’s all a plot!
Answer 13
It takes 150
years to get to
125 atoms of
Radioisotope R.
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Category
Main
It’s all a plot!
Ludus Main
Categories
Question 14
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct Nov Dec
La Matza
Average Rainfall
(cm)
2
2
3
2
23
50
48
58
41
22
5
2
Turpentoin
Average Rainfall
(cm)
37
43
45
42
5
4
3
4
5
10
23
24
Valhalat
Average Rainfall
(cm)
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0.5 0.5
Table: Average Rainfall of Three Regions
Create a bar graph of the data in the table.
Answer
It’s all a plot!
Answer 14
Average Monthly Rainfall of Three Regions
dec
nov
oct
sep
Month
aug
Valhalat
Turpentoin
jul
jun
La Matza
may
apr
mar
feb
jan
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Rainfall (cm)
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Question 15
Average Monthly Rainfall of Three Regions
dec
nov
oct
sep
Month
aug
Valhalat
Turpentoin
jul
jun
La Matza
may
apr
mar
feb
jan
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Rainfall (cm)
How do these regions’ locations compare to
each other on the Earth?
Answer
It’s all a plot!
Answer 15
It appears that La Matza and Turpentoin
are in the southern and northern
hemispheres, respectively. Valhalat is
probably a desert or high altitude region
due to its sparse rainfall all year round.
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Question 16
Average Daily Hours of Sun Light per Month at Three World Locations
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Denver at 40o N
Hours of Light
10
11
12
13
14
14
14
13
12
11
11
10
Amundsen-Scott
Station at 90o S
Hours of Light
24
24
24
24
0
0
0
0
0
24
24
24
Mizuho Station
70o S
Hours of light
24
18
14
9
3
0
0
7
11
16
22
24
Create a line graph for the data in the table above.
Answer
It’s all a plot!
Answer 16
Average Daily Hours of Sun Light per Month at Three World Locations
30
Sunlihgt (hours)
25
20
Admunsen-Scott Station at 90 deg S
15
Mizuho Station at 70 deg S
Denver, CO at 40 deg N
10
5
0
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov Dec
Month
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Question 17
Average Daily Hours of Sun Light per Month at Three World Locations
30
Sunlihgt (hours)
25
20
Admunsen-Scott Station at 90 deg S
15
Mizuho Station at 70 deg S
Denver, CO at 40 deg N
10
5
0
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Month
Write an analysis of the graph above .
Answer
It’s all a plot!
Analysis:
Answer 17
• The closer you get to the southern pole, the fewer hours of sunlight your
location gets from January through the end of June. From July through
December the number of daily hours of sunlight per month increases as you
mover towards the pole.
• The rate of decrease or increase over the two time periods (6 months) tends
to be linear.
• The closer one gets to the southern pole, the greater the rate of decrease in
the average daily sun light per month (January to June). Conversely, from
July to December the rate of increase in the average.
•At the southern pole, there are periods of month in which the amount of sun
light does not change (24 hours  Oct through Mar & 0 hours  Apr
through Sep).
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Question 18
Average Daily Hours of Sun Light per Month at Three World Locations
30
Sunlihgt (hours)
25
20
Admunsen-Scott Station at 90 deg S
15
Mizuho Station at 70 deg S
Denver, CO at 40 deg N
10
5
0
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug Sep
Oct
Nov Dec
Month
Write any inferences you can
make about the graph above.
Answer
It’s all a plot!
Answer 18
The southern hemisphere experiences the winter
season during the months of April through September
(fewer hours of daily sun light).
The northern hemisphere experiences the winter
season from October through March (fewer hours of
daily sun light).
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Question 19
Average Daily Hours of Sun Light per Month at Three World Locations
30
Sunlihgt (hours)
25
20
Admunsen-Scott Station at 90 deg S
15
Mizuho Station at 70 deg S
Denver, CO at 40 deg N
10
5
0
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr May Jun
Jul
Aug Sep
Oct
Nov Dec
Month
After analyzing this data, write a question
or questions that come to your mind.
Answer
It’s all a plot!
Answer 19
• Will the average daily hours of sun light look like
a horizontal line at the equator for 12 hours?
• Does the line for sun light at the 70o N latitude
look opposite of the one for 70o S latitude?
• If the Earth is shaped like a sphere or egg, why is
there such a difference in the average hours of sun
light per month as you move north or south?
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Question 20
Average Daily Hours of Sun Light per Month at Three World Locations
30
Sunlihgt (hours)
25
20
Admunsen-Scott Station at 90 deg S
15
Mizuho Station at 70 deg S
Denver, CO at 40 deg N
10
5
0
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Month
Create a graph that shows your predictions for
the average daily hours of sun light if you were in
Quito, Ecuador (0.5o S) and Fairbanks, Alaska
(68o N).
Answer
It’s all a plot!
Answer 20
Average Daily Hours of Sun Light per Month
25
Admunsen-Scott
Station at 90 deg S
20
Mizuho Station at
70 deg S
15
Fairbanks , Alaska
at 68 deg N
N
o
S
M
M
v
0
ep
Quito, Ecuador at
0.5 deg S
Ju
l
5
ay
Denver, CO at 40
deg N
ar
10
Ja
n
Sun Light (hours)
30
Month
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Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
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Question 1
A characteristic of minerals is
hardness. We use the _____ to
describe this characteristic.
a. Richter scale
b. Fugita scale
c. Beaufort scale
d. Mohs scale
Answer
Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
Answer 1
d. Mohs scale
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Question 2
Properties of minerals that help to
identify them include _____.
a. shape and color
b. shape, color, and density
c. color, density, and cleavage
d. color, density, cleavage, and “feel”
e. color, density, cleavage,
“feel” and taste
Answer
Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
Answer 2
d. color, density, cleavage, “feel”
and taste
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Question 3
Resinous, earthy, dull, silky, glassy,
greasy, pearly, and adamantine are
terms used to describe _____.
Answer
Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
Answer 3
luster
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Question 4
You might get a ____ when
you drag a mineral across a
porcelain tile.
Answer
Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
Answer 4
color streak
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Question 5
Using words such as perfect,
imperfect, good, fair, and poor
describe the way some minerals
break along certain weaknesses
in their structure called _____.
Answer
Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
Answer 5
cleavage
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Question 6
In mineral identification one
characteristic that can make it
difficult to identify the mineral is
_____. Why?
Answer
Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
Answer 6
color; Some minerals can be found
in a variety of colors or hues
making identification more difficult.
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Question 7
It is easy to carry a small item
like a ____ to check for ____.
This item helps to identify iron
and magnetite.
Answer
Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
Answer 7
magnet; magnetism
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Question 8
You would use this relative
scale when you scratch a
mineral. This scale is _____.
Answer
Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
Answer 8
Moh’s hardness scale
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Question 9
On the Moh’s hardness
scale of 1 to 10, 10 is
typically the hardness of
_____.
Answer
Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
Answer 9
a diamond
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Question 10
The number used for the softest
mineral is _____ and is exemplified
by the mineral, _____.
Answer
Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
Answer 10
1; talc
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Question 11
Complete the table for hardness identification
in the field:
Tool
Scale Number
a. _____
2–2½
copper penny
b. _____
c. _____
5+
Answer
Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
Answer 11
a. finger nail
b. 3
c. pocket knife or nail
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Question 12
Answer
Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
Answer 12
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Question 13
Answer
Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
Answer 13
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Question 14
Answer
Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
Answer 14
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Question 15
Answer
Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
Answer 15
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Question 16
Answer
Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
Answer 16
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Question 17
Answer
Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
Answer 17
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Question 18
Answer
Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
Answer 18
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Question 19
Answer
Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
Answer 19
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Question 20
Answer
Animal, Vegetable, or Mineral
Answer 20
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I feel the Earth move under my feet.
Ludus Main
Question 1
Categories
_____ proposed the Continental
Drift Theory in 1912.
a. Albert Schweitzer
b. Thomas Alva Edison
c. Don Juan Giovanni
d. Alfred Wegener
Answer
I feel the Earth move under my feet.
Answer 1
d. Alfred Wegener
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Question 2
Categories
The of the supercontinent in the
Continental Drift Theory is _____.
a. Laurasia
b. Gondwanaland
c. Pangaea
d. Africa
e. South America
Answer
I feel the Earth move under my feet.
Answer 2
c. Pangaea
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Question 3
Categories
The supercontinent started
breaking up some _____.
a. 200-235 mya
b. 135 mya
c. 85 mya
d. 200–235 bya
e. 135 bya
Answer
f. 85 bya
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Answer 3
a. 200-235 mya
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Question 4
Categories
The abbreviation, mya, means
____.
a. meters, yards, and action
b. millions of years ago
c. millenium of years ago
d. more years after
Answer
I feel the Earth move under my feet.
Answer 4
b. millions of years ago
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Question 5
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Categories
The supercontinent first broke up
into _____ continents.
a. two
b. three
c. four
d. five
e. six
f. seven
Answer
I feel the Earth move under my feet.
Answer 5
a. two
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Question 6
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Categories
The supercontinent broke apart into the
continents called _____.
a. Africa, North America, and South
America
b. Gondwanaland and North America
c. Gondwanaland and Laurasia
d. Laurasia and North America
e. Gonwanaland, Laurasia and Asia
Answer
I feel the Earth move under my feet.
Answer 6
c. Gondwanaland and Laurasia
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Question
7
Ludus Main
Categories
a.
b.
c.
d.
The continent Gondwanaland broke up
about 135 mya into _____.
Africa, South America, India, Australia,
and Antarctica
Africa, North America, India, Australia,
and Antarctica
Africa, South America, Australia, and
Antarctica
North America, Europe, and part of Asia
Answer
I feel the Earth move under my feet.
Answer 7
a. Africa, South America, India,
Australia, and Antarctica
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Question 8
Categories
About 85 mya Laurasia broke up into
_____.
a. North America, Europe, and part of
Asia
b. North America, Europe, and Australia
c. North America, Europe, and Antartica
d. South America, Europe, and part of
Asia
Answer
I feel the Earth move under my feet.
Answer 8
a. North America, Europe,
and part of Asia
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Question 9
Ludus Main
Categories
a.
b.
c.
d.
Evidence supporting the Continental Drift
Theory includes matching glacier striation on
rock layers or strata on different continents.
Glacier striation means _____.
ice folds in the rock layers
ice cracks in the rock layers
ice scratches on the rock layers
icebergs floating on the rock layers
Answer
I feel the Earth move under my feet.
Answer 9
a. ice scratches on
the rock layers
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Question
10
Ludus Main
Categories
Additional evidence to support the
Continental Drift theory includes
similar or the same ______ and
______ on different continents.
a. rock layers and buildings
b. buildings and fossils
c. buildings and animals
d. fossils and animals
Answer
I feel the Earth move under my feet.
Answer 10
d. fossils and animals
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Question 11
Categories
Answer
I feel the Earth move under my feet.
Answer 11
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Question 12
Categories
Answer
I feel the Earth move under my feet.
Answer 12
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Question 13
Categories
Answer
I feel the Earth move under my feet.
Answer 13
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Question 14
Categories
Answer
I feel the Earth move under my feet.
Answer 14
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Question 15
Categories
Answer
I feel the Earth move under my feet.
Answer 15
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Question 16
Categories
Answer
I feel the Earth move under my feet.
Answer 16
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Question 17
Categories
Answer
I feel the Earth move under my feet.
Answer 17
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Question 18
Categories
Answer
I feel the Earth move under my feet.
Answer 18
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Question 19
Categories
Answer
I feel the Earth move under my feet.
Answer 19
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Question 20
Categories
Answer
I feel the Earth move under my feet.
Answer 20
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It’s Just a Bunch of Words
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Question
1
Categories
The semiliquid layer of the earth’s
mantle is called the _____.
a. lithosphere
b. core
c. crust
d. athenosphere
e. mesosphere
Answer
It’s Just a Bunch of Words
Answer 1
d. athenosphere
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Question
2
Categories
The theory that all the continents were
once connected together as one
continent called Pangaea is _____.
a. the theory of Superposition
b. the theory of Continental Drift
c. the Plate Tectonic theory
d. the theory of Uniformity
Answer
It’s Just a Bunch of Words
Answer 2
b. the theory of Continental Drift
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Question
3
Categories
The innermost layer of the earth
is known as the _____.
a. lithosphere
b. crust
c. athenosphere
d. mesosphere
e. core
Answer
It’s Just a Bunch of Words
Answer 3
e. core
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Question
4
Categories
The circular flow a magma in the
mantle is called _____.
a. heating
b. cooling
c. pressure
d. convection
e. erosion
Answer
It’s Just a Bunch of Words
Answer 4
d. convection
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Question
5
Categories
The layer of the earth composed of
nickel and iron is the _____.
a. core
b. mesosphere
c. athenosphere
d. mantle
e. crust
f. lithosphere
Answer
It’s Just a Bunch of Words
Answer 5
a. core
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Question
6
Categories
The type of rock produced by
cooling magma or lava is _____.
a. sedimentary rock
b. metamorphic rock
c. igneous rock
d. magnetite rock
e. litho rock
Answer
It’s Just a Bunch of Words
Answer 6
c. igneous rock
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Question
7
Categories
The layer of the earth that
reaches into the earth some
3000 to 3200 km from the
surface is the _____.
a. core
b. mantle
c. athenosphere
d. lithosphere
Answer
It’s Just a Bunch of Words
Answer 7
b. mantle
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Question
8
Categories
The chemical or mechanical actions
that break large rocks into smaller
rocks is called _____.
a. weathering
b. cementation
c. compaction
d. erosion
e. transportation
Answer
It’s Just a Bunch of Words
Answer 8
a. weathering
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Question
9
Categories
The processes that help form sedimentary
rock include _____.
a. heating, pressure, and cementation
b. erosion, sedimentation, compaction and
cementation
c. erosion, sedimentation, cooling, and
cementation
d. heating, pressurization, cooling,
compaction, and transportation Answer
It’s Just a Bunch of Words
Answer 9
b. erosion, sedimentation,
compaction and
cementation
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Question
10
Categories
The type of rock that is formed by
extreme heat and pressure is _____.
a. sedimentary rock
b. metamorphic rock
c. igneous rock
d. magnetite rock
Answer
e. litho rock
It’s Just a Bunch of Words
Answer 10
b. metamorphic rock
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Question
11
Categories
A force applied over an area is _____.
a. cementation
b. compaction
c. erosion
d. transportation
e. heat
f. pressure
Answer
It’s Just a Bunch of Words
Answer 11
f. pressure
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Question
12
Categories
Rocks with silicon, aluminum, and oxygen
are found in the _____.
a. core
b. mesosphere
c. athenosphere
d. lithosphere
Answer
It’s Just a Bunch of Words
Answer 12
d. lithosphere
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Question
13
Categories
Acid is involved in _____, the
chemical breakdown of rocks.
a. weathering
b. erosion
c. transportation
d. sanding
Answer
It’s Just a Bunch of Words
Answer 13
a.weathering
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Question
14
Categories
_____ are locations in the lithosphere
where magma pushes through
resulting in eruptions.
a. Epicenters
b. Foci
c. Hotspots
d. Mohos
Answer
It’s Just a Bunch of Words
Answer 14
c. Hotspots
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Question
15
Categories
Fractures in the Earth’s crust
where movement occurs are
called _____.
a. epicenters
b. faults
c. foci
d. earthquakes
Answer
It’s Just a Bunch of Words
Answer 15
b. faults
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Question
16
Categories
The point on the Earth’s surface
above an earthquake’s focus is the
_____.
a. epicenter
b. Moho
c. crater
d. caldera
Answer
It’s Just a Bunch of Words
Answer 16
a. epicenter
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Question
17
Categories
In plate tectonic theory, the divergent boundary is
_____.
a. the area where the plates come together
b. the area where the plate slide past each other
c. the area where the plates move away from
each other
d. the area where the plates just move up
Answer
It’s Just a Bunch of Words
Answer 17
c. the area where plates move
away from each other
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Question
18
Categories
In plate tectonic theory, the transform boundary is _____.
a. the area where the plates come together
b. the area where the plate slide past each other
c. the area where the plates move away from each other
d. the area where the plates just move up
Answer
It’s Just a Bunch of Words
Answer 18
b. the area where plates slide
past each other
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Question
19
Categories
In plate tectonic theory, the convergent boundary is
_____.
a. the area where the plates come together
b. the area where the plate slide past each other
c. the area where the plates move away from each other
d. the area where the plates just move up
Answer
It’s Just a Bunch of Words
Answer 19
a. the area where plates come
together
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Question
20
Categories
To measure the energy released from an
earthquake use the _____.
a. hygrometer
b. Richter scale
c. Moh’s scales
d. spectrometer
Answer
It’s Just a Bunch of Words
Answer 20
b. Richter scale
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Our home plate is moving!
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Question
1
Categories
The dynamic motion in _____ causes
crustal plates to move.
a. the inner core
b. a convection cell
c. the atmosphere
d. lithosphere
Answer
Our home plate is moving!
Answer 1
b. a convection cell
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Our home plate is moving!
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Question
2
Categories
Plates that slide past each other form a
_____.
a. convergent boundary
b. divergent boundary
c. transform boundary
Answer
Our home plate is moving!
Answer 2
c. transform boundary
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Our home plate is moving!
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Question
3
Categories
Plates that move together form a _____.
a. convergent boundary
b. divergent boundary
c. transform boundary
Answer
Our home plate is moving!
Answer 3
a. convergent boundary
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Our home plate is moving!
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Question
4
Categories
Plates that move away from each other
form a _____.
a. convergent boundary
b. divergent boundary
c. transform boundary
Answer
Our home plate is moving!
Answer 4
d. divergent boundary
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Question
5
Categories
Magma that breaks through the
lithosphere to form volcanoes or
ridges is called a _____.
a. hotspot
b. earthquake
c. focus
d. fault
Answer
Our home plate is moving!
Answer 5
a. hotspot
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Our home plate is moving!
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Question
6
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The diagram below depicts a _____.
Answer
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Answer 6
divergent boundary
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Let’s Make a Statement
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Question
7
Categories
The diagram below depicts a _____.
Answer
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Answer 7
convergent boundary
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Our home plate is moving!
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8
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The diagram below depicts a _____.
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Answer 8
transform boundary
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Our home plate is moving!
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9
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Which of plates below do you live on?
a. Laurasia plate
b. Gondwanaland plate
c. South American plate
d. North American plate
e. United States plate
f. American plate
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Answer 9
d. North American plate
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Our home plate is moving!
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10
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There are many volcanoes surrounding the
Pacific Ocean that give it the special
name ______.
a. the mid-ocean ridges
b. the Rim of Fire or Ring of Fire
c. Dante’s Circles of Hell
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Answer 10
b. the Rim of Fire or the
Ring of Fire
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Our home plate is moving!
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11
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Our home plate is moving!
Answer 11
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Our home plate is moving!
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12
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Answer 12
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Our home plate is moving!
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13
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Answer 13
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Our home plate is moving!
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14
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Answer 14
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15
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Answer 15
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16
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Answer 16
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17
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Answer 17
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Our home plate is moving!
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18
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Answer 18
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Our home plate is moving!
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19
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Answer 19
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Our home plate is moving!
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20
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Answer 20
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