Transcript VOLCANOES
Imelda Barrow - Curriculum Diane Conlon – Project Mgr. Claudia Campbell - Technical Bill Moore - Data Rationale • The following benchmark was chosen because of the preciseness with which it matched the nature of our topic • Our group developed this presentation to provide secondary teachers with excellent electronic resources from which to develop a comprehensive lesson on volcanoes SC.D.1.4.2 - knows that the solid crust of Earth consists of slowmoving, separate plates that float on a denser, molten layer of Earth and that these plates interact with each other, changing the Earth’s surface in many ways (e.g., forming mountain ranges and rift valleys, causing earthquake and volcanic activity, and forming undersea mountains that can become ocean islands). Connections • Science – Scientists gain a greater understanding of the forces that shape our earth through their study of the causes and consequences of volcanic activity. • Technology – The study of volcanoes has led not only to more accurate prediction of eruptions but also to the use of thermodynamics as an alternate energy source. Improved devices that measure seismic occurrences are also being used to discover new petroleum reserves. More Connections • Society – By understanding the nature of volcanoes, scientists are better able to predict possible eruptions, saving human life and property. They are also able to determine the effects these eruptions may have on future weather conditions and changes in climate. Living with Volcanoes • Nature of Volcanoes • Monitoring volcanoes • Location of volcanoes • Risk Management • Volcanic Eruption • Volcanic Hazards – FEMA and Red Cross advice • Benefits of Volcanic Activity Nature of Volcanoes WHAT IS A VOLCANO? • Mountain/hill built around vent connected to reservoir of molten rock under earth’s surface LOCATIONS OF VOLCANOES Volcanoes of the United States Ring of Fire Principal Types of Volcanoes • Cinder Cones • Composite Volcanoes • Shield Volcanoes • Lava Domes Types of volcanoes Volcanic Eruption of Mount St. Helens Volcanic Hazards • Pyroclastic Density Currents (pyroclastic flows and surges) • Lahars • Structural Collapse: Debris flow-Avalanches • Dome Collapse and the formation of pyroclastic flows and surges • Lava flows • Tephra fall and ballistic projectiles • Volcanic gas • Tsunamis • Volcanic Lightning UCSB Geological Sciences Hazards What to do during an eruption… RUN AWAY, RUN AWAY!! Monitoring Volcanoes • to obtain additional scientific knowledge on volcanoes • help predict eruptions in an attempt minimize risk to population – USGS Site – VolcanoWorld Managing Risk • Prediction and advance notification • Pyroclastic Flows • Lava flows • Tephra falls Volcanoes aren’t all Bad !!! Benefits • • • • Fertile Soils Geothermal Energy Mineral Resources Industrial Products • Business Opportunities • Recreation and Tourism Plus Side of Volcanoes LESSON PLANS • VolcanoWorld Lesson Plan Links • VOLCANOES! • Dynamic Earth - Story of Plate Tetonics • Activities on Techniques for Monitoring Volcanoes ACTIVITIES • • • • Volcano Trailhead (Virtual Field Trip) Ask a Geologist Building Volcano Models Volcano Lab Links MAPS • Smithsonian's - Ring of Fire • Earth's Active Volcanoes • Maps of Specific Active Volcanoes • Maps from Cascades Volcano Observatory Other Teacher Resources • Glossary of Volcanic Terms • Volcano Picture Archives Fantastic Pictures/Hawaiian Volcanoes • Great Link Site References Volcano World http://volcano.und.nodak.edu/vwdocs/vwlessons/monitors.html US Geological Survey http://home.earthlink.net/~cralls/guide.html Ring of Fire – This dynamic earth http://pubs.usgs.gov/publications/text/fire.html Mt. St. Helens Eruption – National Geographic January 1981. Vol 159 p 8. THE END!! THE END!!