Transcript Graphs

Graphs
In your textbook this is from
section 1.4 in your textbook
Data Tables
• Scientists organize their data by using tables
and graphs
• A data table is a very easy way to present and
organize data
• On p. 22 in your textbook is an example of a
data table
• This table has location and average annual
precipitation for several cities
Data Tables
• On this particular table the location is the
manipulated variable (what we know as the
independent variable)
• The average annual precipitation is the
responding variable (what we know as the
dependent variable)
Line Graphs
• A line graph can be used to show changes that
happen when the two variable are related
• The independent variable is graphed along the
x-axis (the horizontal axis)
• The dependent variable is graphed along the
y-axis (the vertical axis)
http://erc.msh.org/quality/foutools/foulngrf.cfm
Line Graph
Slope
• When looking at a line graph it is important to
notice the slope which is the ratio of the vertical
change to the corresponding horizontal change
• Slope = rise/run
• Rise is the change in the y variable
• Run is the corresponding change in the x variable
• p. 23 in your text has an example of mass vs.
volume of water
Direct and Inverse Proportion
• Direct proportion is when the ratio of the two
variables is constant
• This can be seen in the mass vs. volume of
water graph
• Inverse proportion is when the product of the
two variables is a constant
• This can be seen in the Time to fill a 1-gallon
pot with water graph
Bar Graphs
• A bar graph is used to compare a set of
measurements, amounts or changes
• P. 24 in your text has an example of the
Average Annual Precipitation for Selected U.S.
Cities
• Notice how it is easy to see the precipitation
differences between each city
Bar Graph
Circle Graphs
• A circle graph shows how a part or share of
something relates to the whole
• An example of a circle graph can be seen on
p. 24 in your textbook
• This circle graph shows the Composition of the
Earth’s crust (shows the percent of elements
in the Earth’s crust)
Circle Graph (also known as pie graph)
Presenting Data
• Scientists need to present the results of their
experiments in scientific journals or magazines
• Data can be interpreted in different ways
• Advertisers often use tables and charts to
make their product look better to us
• Data needs to be presented clearly and
honestly