Transcript Chapters 1 and 2 Review

Chapters 1 and 2
Geography
• Study of the distribution and interaction of
physical and human features on the earth
5 Themes-Location
• “Where is it?”
• Absolute-exact
• Relative-comparative
5 Themes-Place
• “What is it like?”
• Physical-landforms,
climate
• Cultural-religion,
traditions
5 Themes-Region
• “How are places
similar?”
• DFW
• North Texas
5 Themes- Human-Environment
Interaction
• “How do people
interact with the
environment?”
• Depend-rivers
• Modify-roads
• Adapt-clothes
5 Themes- Movement
• “How do
people, goods,
and ideas
move from
place to
place?”
• Technology is
most important
Equator
• An imaginary line that divides the earth
into northern and southern halves
Prime meridian
• Imaginary line dividing the earth into
eastern and western halves
Hemisphere
• Half of the earth
• Northern, southern, eastern, western
Globe
• 3-Dimensional representation of earth
• Not portable
Cartographer
• Person who makes maps
• Map is 2-D, distorts landmasses, and is
portable
Topographic Map
• Shows natural and man-made features on
the earth
Thematic Map
• Emphasizes specific information like
climate or vegetation or population
GIS-Geographic Information System
• A system that uses digital map information
to create a databank
• Can add or remove
different layers to
highlight certain
information
•
•
•
•
Economic – financial issues, business
Social – Culture, society
Political – government, leaders
Nature – Environment, resources, physical
geography
Chapter 2
• Objective: Explain the physical forces that
shape the Earth and how they affect
people
Hydrosphere
• Includes all water on earth
• Ocean=71%
• The Blue Planet
Lithosphere
• The solid rockportion of the
earth’s surface
• Includes crust
and upper most
mantle
Atmosphere
• The oxygen we
breathe, protects
earth from
radiation, allows
for weather and
climate to occur
Hydrologic Cycle
• Continuous circulation of water between
earth, atmosphere and oceans
Magma/Lava
• Molten Rock under/above surface
Tectonic Plates
• Giant moving pieces of the earth’s crust
Plate Movement
• Divergent-move apart, spreading
horizontally
• Convergent-collide, one goes under or
both crumple
• Transform-slide past one another
Ring of Fire
• Zone around Pacific Ocean where most
volcanoes and earthquakes occur
Earthquake
• Violent movement of the earth’s crust
Volcano
• Crack in the
earth’s crust
where molten
rock exits
• Often on a
mountain or
bulge
• Violent
Tsunami
• Giant wave usually caused by underwater
earthquakes or volcanoes
Destruction during Japanese Tsunami 2011
Aftermath at vehicle shipping yard
Weathering
• Process which
acts upon the
earth's surface
to decompose
and
breakdown
rocks and
earth.
Glacier
• Large, slow moving mass of ice. Moves
because of gravity
Erosion
• The movement of
weathered material
by wind, water, or
ice