Transcript Geology of NY and NJ

Geology of NY and NJ
Objectives
Earth Science Review
Structure of the Earth
Minerals vs. Rocks
What are the three rock types?
How does the rock cycle work?
New York and New Jersey
Geologic Connection
Northeast Geologic History
Impacts on Society
Explore the Museum
Visit Skyscraper!
Visit Our Hudson Home
Wrap-up
Exhibit Questions Answered
Incorporating Earth Science in the Classroom
Minerals
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Naturally Occuring
*Not made in a laboratory
Solid
Specific Chemical Composition
Characteristic Crystal Structure
Atoms are arranged in
Inorganic
geometric patterns that
persist throughout the
mineral.
Rocks
Naturally occurring aggregates of minerals
The Earth’s crust (lithosphere) is made of ROCK.
Igneous Rocks
form by the
solidification and
cooling of molten
material.
Sedimentary Rocks
form from deposition
and consolidation of
mineral and organic
Metamorphic
materialRocks
form from pre-existing
rocks. Heat and
pressure are the
catalysts in this
transformation.
3 Major Rock Types
Sedimentary
Igneous
Metamorphic
Grenville Orogeny and Rodinia
End of Proterozoic Eon approximately 1 billion years ago
Rodinia Rifted
Iapetus Ocean existed
600 – 400 million years ago
Pangea Forms
250 million years ago
180 million years ago Pangea starts to separate
Glaciers Shaped Topography
What is a Geologic Province?
An area containing common geologic or geomorphic
characteristics.
New Jersey has FOUR:
Valley and Ridge
Highlands
Piedmont
Coastal Plain
New York
Approximately
10 Distinct Provinces
Niagra
Finger Lakes
Mohawk Valley-Catskill
Southeastern
Hudson Valley – Taconic
Taconic Region
Champlain Valley
St. Lawrence Valley
Adirondacks
Hudson Highlands
Hadrosaurus foulkii
• New Jersey’s State Dinosaur
• Discovered in 1858 by William
Parker Foulke (Academy of
Natural Sciences, Philadelphia,
PA)
• Haddonfield, Camden County
• 25 feet
• 18 tons
• Duck-billed herbivorous reptile