Transcript Internal Structure of the Earth and Lithosphere

Characteristics of the Earth and the
Lithosphere
Journey to the Inside of the Earth!
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http://www.learner.org/interactives/dynamiceart
h/structure.html
The Lithosphere
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Definition – The outer shell of the earth made
up of the crust and the upper mantle.
Comments – The lithosphere is where human
beings live!
Diagram of the lithosphere
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http://benoit.ramiere.free.fr/documents/4/cours/t
ectonique.htm
The Lithosphere and Human
Activities
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Tsunami Japon
http://www.unionplanetaire.org/category/lithosphere/
Agriculture
Mining
Video mining in the Congo
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http://www.theglobeandmail.com/video/theperils-of-independentmining/article4472991/?from=4487572
Connection to mobile phones minerals in the
Congo
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3OWj1ZGn4
uM
Land Use Planning
Land use planning is an essential tool
for pollution control and prevention.
Land use categories refer to the
different socioeconomic activities in a
certain area, the human behaviors
they create and their effect on the
environment. These activities take
place at a local level but contribute to
global processes, such as climate
change.
Land Use Planning Categories
Cave Home
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http://money.cnn.com/video/pf/2012/09/13/pfcave-home-arizona.cnnmoney/
Geological Relief (topology)
• Relief refers to the shape of the land and it is
caused by many geological and geophysical
phenomena:
The retreat of a glacier causes the formation of
a plane.
Erosion can cause canyons and valleys.
Plates colliding cause mountains.
Plain
Glacial Retreat
Mountain Formation
1. Movement of the earth’s plates
2. Volcanoes
Mountain Formation - Orogenesis
Over time mountains change
because of erosion.
Himalayas
Appalachians
Canadian Shield
Valleys are formed from erosion by
rivers
Topology Map of the US
http://education.usgs.gov/secondary.html
Geological Phenomenon
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Ocean expansion, Volcano eruptions
http://www.biologieenflash.net/animation.php?re
f=geo-0032-1
Humans Contribute to the
Transformation of Relief
• Construct roads
• Dig mines
• Build cities and towns
Cape Verde
Terrestrial relief has a huge
influence on human activities
• Sports – mountain climbing, skiiing
• River plains are very fertile soil for agriculture.
• Volcano bases are very fertile for agriculture.
• Rivers provide an excellent source of transport
from the oceans into the interior of the country.
• Building and road construction must plan
carefully around the shape of the land.
• Canyons, mountains and valleys are often very
valuable tourist sites.