Transcript Geoscience Day Starters

Geoscience Day Starters
Good review
1. What does geology mean?
a.
Study of the Earth and its neighbors
b.
Study of the solid earth
c.
d.
Study of maps and charts
Study of solid Earth and oceans
2. Who would study a meteor?
a.
Geologist
b.
Astronomer
c.
d.
Meteorologist
Mineralogist
3. What are the four subdivisions of Earth Science
a.
Anthropology, Geology, Meteorology and Biology
b.
Oceanography, Biology, Meteorology and Geology
c.
Geology, Oceanography, Astronomy and Meteorology
d.
Mineralology, Oceanography, Astrology and Geology
4. The Earth started as a
a.
Cloud of gas and dust
b.
Dying star
c.
d.
Small moon
Cloud of Helium and Hydrogen
1.
Where is most of the carbon found in the environment?
a. The Oceans
c. The Atmosphere
b. The trees and such
d. The rocks and the crust
2.
Which holds the most carbon, and absorbs it the fastest?
a. Warm water, low pressure
c. Warm water, high pressure
b. Cold water, low pressure
d. Cold water, high pressure
3.
Which letter refers to the lower mantle? _________
4.
What is located between the crust, and the core of the Earth?
5.
About how much CO2 is put into the atmosphere each year, mostly from the burning of fossil fuels?
a. 8,000 tonnes
b. 800,000 tonnes
c. 8,000,000 tonnes d. 8,000,000,000 tonnes
6.
The curst and very top of the mantle make up a rigid layer called the
a. Asthenosphere b. Lithosphere
c. Geosphere
d. Crustosphere
1. When rocks, in different regions, are matched up by similar age; what is it called?
a.
Superposition
c. Uniformitarianism
b.
Geology
d. Correlation
2. This principle states that layers of sediment are generally deposited in horizontal
position?
a.
Tarbuk’s law
c. Superposition
b.
Hutton’s law
d. Original Horizontality
3. Who developed the idea of Uniformitarianism?
a.
John Wesley Powell
b.
Edward Kirianov
c.
James Hutton
d.
Dennis Tarbuk
4. Relative dating will tell
a.
Sequence of rock formation
b.
Rock composition
c.
d.
Age of rocks
Fossil types
5. The rock record shows
a.
evidence of geological events
b.
relative ages of meteor strikes
c.
d.
Types of animals that existed
Age of rivers
1. Petrifaction occurs when?
a.
When wood is dried out
b.
Wood is buried in wet soil
c.
d.
Cells are replaced with minerals
Wood is caught in tree sap
2. This principle states that layers of sediment are generally deposited in horizontal
position?
a.
Law of original horizontality
c. Superposition
b.
Hutton’s law
d. Law of inclusion
3. Fossils do what, with respect to evolution?
a.
Provides a scientific basis
b.
Nothing
c. Calls evolution into question
d. Fills in all the blanks and questions
4. Which kind of fossil would a mummy (wrapped, dried body) be?
a.
Petrified
c. Mold and Cast
b.
Unaltered remains
d. Trace fossil
5. Relative dating will tell
a.
Sequence of rock formation
b.
Rock composition
c.
d.
Age of rocks
Fossil types
1. What three things do index fossils need to be effective?
a.
Widespread, hard parts, abundant
b.
Widespread, abundant, large
c.
Short geographic time, abundant and widespread
d.
Water, abundant and short geographic time
2. Which animal, now a fossil, gave the Earth its early oxygen atmosphere?
a.
Algae
c. Trilobite
b.
Stromatolite
d. Phytoplankton
3. What is fossilized dinosaur feces?
a.
Trilobite
b.
Coprolite
c.
d.
Gastrolith
I try not to think about it
4. A cast and mold would result from what type of organism?
a.
An animals hard parts being replaced by minerals
b.
A tree root decomposing, and leaving behind a void that fills with minerals
c.
A bee being stuck in tree sap
d.
A mammoth drying out in the cold and unforgiving tundra of Siberia
5. Fossil preservation is favored by two conditions
a.
Abundance and geographic location c. Water and heat
b.
Unique characteristics, and hard parts d. Hard parts and rapid burial
1. What is the approximate half-life of Carbon-14?
a.
750 years
b.
5,700 years
c.
5,730 years
d.
57,500 years
2. Carbon-14 takes advantage of what kind of dating?
a.
Radioactive
c. Radiometric
b.
Relative age
d. Relativistic
3. How much Carbon-14 would be left in an animal after 3 - ½ lifes?
a.
½
c. ¼
b.
1/16th
d. 1/8th
4. A cast and mold would result from what type of organism?
a.
An animals hard parts being replaced by minerals
b.
A tree root decomposing, and leaving behind a void that fills with minerals
c.
A bee being stuck in tree sap
d.
A mammoth drying out in the cold and unforgiving tundra of Siberia
5. Fossil preservation is favored by two conditions
a.
Abundance and geographic location c. Water and heat
b.
Unique characteristics, and hard parts d. Hard parts and rapid burial
1.
What is the longest era…..by far?
a. Cenezoic
c.
b. Precambrian
d.
Paleozoic
Mesozoic
2. What was the first atmosphere of Earth composed of?
a. Nitrogen, Carbon dioxide
c.
Argon and Oxygen
b. Oxygen and Water vapor
d. Hydrogen and Carbon dioxide
3. What are large areas of Precambrian rocks that make up the surface of some
continents?
a. Oceans
c.
Granite mountains
b. Ore zones
d. Shields
4. What is the fossil that marks the end of the Precambrian era, and the start of the
Paleozoic era?
a. Stromatolite
c.
Dinobite
b. Trilobite
d. Cynobite
5.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which statement is true?
Continents are made of light basalt, oceans of heavy basalt
Continents are made of basalt, oceans of granite
Continents are made of granite, oceans of basalt
Oceans are made of heavy granite, continents of light granite
1.
a.
b.
What is the best evidence for plate tectonics?
fossils
c.
glacial till in India
sea floor spreading
d. continental jigsaw
2.
a.
b.
Where is the Ocean getting “bigger”?
mid-ocean ridge
c.
oceanic trench
north and south poles
d. equator
3.
What is the term that means that the ocean crust is being pushed under the
continental crust?
a.
diversion
c.
subduction
b.
conversion
d. transform
4.
a.
b.
c.
d.
What is the best evidence for sea-floor spreading?
reversal of magnetic stripes on ocean-floor rock
mountains in India
coal fields in Antarctica
fossils
5.
a.
b.
Where would ocean rocks be the oldest?
near the middle of the ocean
c.
near the coast of continents
near the north and south poles d. near the equator
6.
a.
b.
What word means the study of ancient magnetism on Earth?
magnetology
c.
paleomagnetism
historical magnetism
d. neomagnetism
1.
What concept did Alfred Wegener develop?
a. Superposition
c.
Continental drift
b. Plate tectonics
d. Uniformitarianism
2. Where did the eastern coast of South America bump up against?
a. Aftrica
c.
Europe
b. North America
d. Australia
3. What caused scientists to believe that the positions of the continents were very
different in the past than they are now?
a. Glacial till in India
c.
Ferns in Antarctica
b. Fossil positions
d. All of the above
4. The name of the animal, whose fossil remains are found on two continents of questons
two, was named what?
a. Stromatolite
c.
Mesosaurus
b. Trilobite
d. Cynosaurus
5.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which statement is true?
No evidence for plate tectonics has been found
Plate tectonics was developed by Alfred Wegener
Plate tectonics has only become accepted since the 1960’s
Both “b” and “c”.
1.
a.
c.
What system uses sound waves to calculate the distance to an object?
Radar
b. Sonar
Freemantle
d. Fathomization
2.
a.
b.
c.
d.
What is the letter of the description of a subduction zone
where an oceanic plate is forced beneath a second plate
where an oceanic plate grinds past a second plate
where a continental plate grinds past a second plate
where an oceanic plate moves away from a second plate
3.
a.
b.
c.
d.
What is the letter of the oldest coeanic crust
near the edges of the continents
between the edge of ocean, and edge of continent
at a ridge crest
deep in the asthenosphere
4.
a.
b.
A “hot spot” is responsible for what geological structure?
Himalaya mountains
b. Mid-ocean ridge
Iceland
d. Yellowstone
5.
a.
c.
Where is new Earth created
Mid ocean ridge
“hot spots”
b.
d.
Subduction zone
Transform zones
1.
a.
b.
In what kind of plate boundary do the plates slide past each other?
Divergent
c.
Convergent
Transform fault
d. Revergent
2.
a.
b.
What will form when ocean crust subducts under ocean crust?
Mountain chain
c.
Island Arc
Divergent plate boundary
d. Transform plate boundary
3.
a.
b.
Where does a trench form?
Divergent boundaries
Transform fault boundaries
4.
a.
b.
Which of the following is a transform plate boundary?
Los Angoles
c.
Himalayas Mountains
Yellowstone
d. Mid Ocean Ridges
5.
Where is new Earth formed
a.
b.
Mountain chain
Divergent plate boundary
6.
What is the best evidence of sea-floor spreading?
c.
d.
Convergent boundaries
Revergent areas
c.
d.
Island Arc
Transform plate boundary
1.
a.
c.
The only planet with liquid water is
Mercury
b.
Mars
d.
2.
a.
c.
The largest difference between the terrestrial planets and Jovian planets are
Size
b. Density
Chemical compositon
d. All of the above
Venus
None of the above
3.
The terrestrial planets are mostly made of
a.
Ice
b. Gas
c.
Rock
d. Boiling hot magma, with lava sharks and
“puppies”
4.
a.
c.
The theory that the Solar System started in a spinning cloud is the
Cloud theory
b. Solar theory
Nebular theory
d. Spinning theory
5.
a.
c.
The hottest planet in the solar system is
Mercury
b. Venus
Earth
c.
Mars
6.
a.
b.
c.
d.
The ages are
Universe 4.6 billion, Earth 3.6 million
Universe 15 billion, Earth 1.8 billion
Universe 4.6 trillion, Earth 4.6 billion
Universe 15 billion, Earth 4.6 billion
1.
a.
b.
If a planet is moving towards you, it is
looking red
c.
looking blue
hotter
d. cooler
2.
a.
b.
When pitch changes as a result of a moving source, it is called
Doppler effect
c.
Coriolis effect
Centripital effect
d. Moving effect
3.
a.
b.
What wavelength is shorter than visible light?
Ultraviolet
c.
Infrared
Radio
d. Microwave
4.
a.
b.
Light is carried by a
Graviton
Photon
5.
a.
b.
What are the bright lines called against a continuous spectrum?
Absorption lines
c.
Emission lines
Continuous lines
d. Bright lines
6.
a.
b.
What is the instrument called that examines the light from a star?
Lightometer
c.
Spectrometer
Photonometer
d. Wave Excitrometer
c.
d.
Proton
Electron
1.
a.
b.
A telescope that uses a lens to bend light is a
Refracting
c.
Reflecting
Radio
d. Hubble
2.
a.
b.
The first space telescope is
Hubble
Fermi
c.
d.
Chandra
Gamma
3.
A telescope is space has a advantage because
1. ___________________________________
2. ___________________________________
3. ___________________________________
4.
a.
b.
The telescope that can see through gasses in space is a
Reflecting
c.
Gamma
Radio
d. Hubble
1.
a.
b.
A red star is
Cool
Moving away
2.
a.
b.
How many constellations are there, originally
12
c, 88
144
d. 365
3.
a.
b.
How many stars are there in a binary system
1
c. Three
2
d. Four or more
4.
a.
b.
Parallax would be greater for a star that is
moving away
c. Close
moving towards an observer
d. Far away
c. Hot
d. “a” or “b”
5.
How long would it take for light to reach Earth, from a star that is 25.3 light years
away?
a.
4 parsecs
c.
2.53 years
b.
25.3 years
d. it depends upon the speed of the light
6.
a.
b.
To find the North Star (Polaris), it is easiest to first find
Rigel
c.
Big Dipper
The Southern Cross
d. Orion’s belt
7.
Sun’s burn
a. Hydrogen b. Helium c. Oxygen d. Carbon e. Argon f. Phone fuel
1.
a.
b.
The H-R diagram compares
absolute and apparent brightness
Absolute brightness and temperature
c. Apparent brightness and temperature
d. Apparent brightness and distance
2.
a.
b.
Our Sun will die as a
White dwarf
Black hole
c. Black dwarf
d. Neutron star
3.
a.
b.
The two opposing forces in a star are
Gravity and density
Pressure and density
c. Gravity and Pressure
d. Mass and gravity
4.
a.
b.
About what percentage of stars are on the main sequence?
10%
c. 75%
50%
d. 90%
5.
a.
b.
Which lasts longer?
Small star
Mediaum sized star
c. Large star
d. Stinking, stinking HUGE star
6.
a.
b.
Which is brighter?
A star with an apparent magnitude of 5
Star with an apparent magnitude of -5
c. Star with actual magnitude of -10
d. Star with an actual magnitude of 10
1.
a.
b.
The Milky Way is about
100,000 deep and 1,000,000 miles wide
10,000 ly deep and 100,000 ly across
c.
d.
10,000 light years across
1,000,000 miles deep
2.
a.
b.
A red star is
Moving away
Moving towards us
c.
d.
Moving towards us
“a” or “b”
3.
a.
b.
Our Solar System started as a
Planetary nebula
Supernova
c.
d.
White dwarf
Red giant
4.
a.
b.
The next stage of our Sun is a
White dwarf
Red Giant
c.
d.
Black dwarf
Black hole
5.
a.
b.
The last stage of our Sun will be a
White dwarf
Neutron star
c.
d.
Black dwarf
Black hole
6.
a.
b.
Pulsars come from from
Black holes
Red giants
c.
d.
Neutron stars
White dwarfs
1.
a.
b.
What is the unending circulation of the Earth’s water supply
water balance
c. Water Cycle
Base level
d. Transpiration cycle
2.
a.
b.
Water leaving the atmosphere and entering the geosphere, or hydrosphere is called
Runoff
c. Transpiration
Precipitation
d. Infiltration
3.
a.
b.
The lowest point that a stream can erode down to is its
Mouth
c. Headwaters
Valley
d. Base level
4.
a.
b.
A bend in a stream is called a
Meander
Mouth
5.
a.
b.
The steepness of a stream channel is a
Valley
c. Channel
Base level
d. Gradient
c. Tributary
d. Valley
1.
a.
b.
Below about what level does the temperature of ocean water change rapidly?
100 meters
c. 300 meters
500 meters
d. 1,000 meters
2.
a.
b.
What is mean by salinity?
The amount of salt in ocean water
The average density of seawater
3.
a.
b.
What is the salinity of the ocean (roughly)?
35%
c. 35 parts per hundred
35 parts per thousand
d. 35 parts per million
4.
a.
b.
What two things most influence the density of seawater?
Salinity and gravity
c. Temperature and lattitude
Salinity and temperature
d. Temperature and current values
5.
a.
b.
What is the most common dissolved solid in sea water?
Common rocks
c. Magnesium chloride
Organic matter
d. Table salt
6.
a.
b.
Where is there a fast change in ocean water salinity?
Pycnocline
c. Densocline
Thermocline
d. Deep zone
c. The amount of dissolved solids in seawater.
d. The ratio of fresh water to sea water
1.
a.
c.
What is a large whirl of water within an ocean basin?
Upwelling area
b. Gyre
Density currents
d. Coreolis Current
2.
a.
c.
What current keeps “Jolly of England” warm and foggy?
Northern equatorial current
b. North Atlantic current
Gulf Stream
d. Carolina current
3.
a.
c.
Ocean currents transfer ___________ from low latitudes to high latitudes.
Salty water
b. Fresh water
Nutrients
d. Heat
4.
a.
c.
Where is ocean water the most dense?
at the equator
b. Antarctica
Australia
d. Mediterranean Sea
5.
a.
c.
What two things influence the density of ocean water?
Salinity and gravity
b. Temperature and lattitude
Salinity and temperature
d. Temperature and current values
6.
a.
b.
Below about what level does the temperature of ocean water change rapidly?
100 meters
c. 300 meters
500 meters
d. 1,000 meters
1.
a.
b.
About how much of our atmosphere is Nirtrogen?
1/4th
c. ½
3/4th
d. 90%
2.
a.
b.
Albedo is the amount of light that is
absorbed by land
c. Reflected away by all sources
absorbed by water
d. Reflected by clouds
3.
a.
b.
The part of the Earth that would be warmed by the Sun the most would be
Where the Sun shines at a 45º angle c. The polar regions
Where the Sun shines at a 90º angle d. At the equator
4.
a.
b.
Heat transfer by the direct contact of particles is
Radiation
c. Conduction
Convection
d. Transpiration
5.
a.
b.
Warm air rises. This is an example of
Radiation
c. Conduction
Convection
d. Transpiration
6.
a.
b.
d.
Ozone is
A single oxygen atom
c. Two oxygen atoms
Three oxygen atoms, making one ozone molecule
A water and oxygen atom mixed together