Transcript Chapter 4 Plate tectonics Review Game

Chapter 4 Plate
tectonics
Review Game
1) What are the 4
layers of the Earth?
Crust, mantle, inner
core, outer core
2) The uppermost part of
the mantle and crust that
together forms a rigid
layer is called what?
lithosphere
3) As the depth below
the crust increases,
what 2 factors also
increase?
Heat and pressure
4) Is the inner core a
solid, a liquid, or a gas?
solid
5) What layer of the
mantle lies just below
the lithosphere?
athenosphere
6) How does the material
of the athenosphere differ
from the material of the
lithosphere?
Athenosphere is softer
than the lithosphere
7) What are the three
types of heat transfer?
Radiation, conduction,
and convection
8) Describe conduction
heat transfer.
When heat is
transferred by the direct
touching of materials.
9) Describe radiation
heat transfer.
Transfer of energy
through empty space
10) Describe convection heat
transfer.
Heat transfer by the movement
of heated fluid. Heated material
is less dense than a cooler
sample of the same material.
This will make the heated
material rise.
11) What happens to
convection currents when
the fluid reaches a
constant temperature?
Convection currents stop
12) What is the theory of
continental drift?
All the continents were together
at some point in the Earth’s
past, and slowly drifted to their
current positions.
13) Who was the
scientist that proposed
that theory?
Alfred Wegener
14) What are the 3 types
of evidence Wegener
used to support his
theory?
Landforms, Fossils, and
Climate
15) Describe the evidence
from landforms.
When you match up the continents
on a map, points that would have
been connected have the same
type of landform, and the mineral
deposts were the same
16) Describe the evidence
from fossils.
When you match up the continents
on a map, the fossils were the
same. If the continents were not
together, there is no way those
animals could have crossed the
ocean.
17) Describe the evidence
from climate.
Land that is in cold
climates now, has
evidence that it was once
located in the tropics
18) What is the name
Wegener gave to the
super continent?
Pangaea
19) Why didn’t scientists
accept his theory at first?
He could not explain the
mechanism for the
continents to move.
20) Explain what sea floor
spreading is?
The process that
continually adds new
material to the ocean floor
21) What are the 3 forms
of evidence that supports
sea floor spreading?
Molten material, magnetic
stripes, and drilling
samples
22) What is the evidence
from molten material?
Pillow lava and other forms of
hardened lava are scattered across
the ocean floor, this is evidence
that molten material constantly
erupts from the mid-ocean ridge
23) Explain the evidence
from magnetic stripes.
The rocks on the ocean floor
contain the direction of the Earth’s
magnetic field at the time they
hardened. The bands move in
alternating directions as you move
across the ocean.
24) Explain the evidence
from drilling samples.
The age of the rocks near the
ridge are younger than rocks
that are further away from the
ridge.
25) Explain the
subduction of oceanic
crust.
When oceanic crust gets
pushed under another
plate.
26) The formation,
movement, and
subduction of the Earth’s
plates is explained by
what?
Plate tectonics
27) What are the 3
types of plate
boundaries called?
Transform, convergent,
and divergent
28) Explain how a
transform boundary
moves.
Slip past each other
↑↓
29) Explain how a
convergent boundary
moves.
Plates crash into each
other
→←
30) Explain how a
divergent boundary
moves.
Plates move away from
each other
←→
31) What is a rift
valley?
A divergent boundary
between 2 continental
plates.
32) What is an ocean
trench?
The location where
oceanic crust dives
beneath another plate
33) What happens
when 2 continental
plates converge?
Mountain building
34) What type of
energy transformation
powers plate tectonics?
Convection currents in
the mantle