Transcript Volcanoes and Plate Tectonics 1.5.06

Earth Science Rocks!
Warm Up December 14
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Question: How would plain milk pour out
of a container differently from a
milkshake?
In your agenda, write Bring new spiral
notebook for IAN. If you have it on Friday,
you will get a treat!
Don’t forget…Extra Credit 3D model of the
Earth due Dec. 17.
Earth Science Rocks!
MYP Unit Question:
How does land change?
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Area of Interaction: Environment
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Learner Profile: Thinker
Earth Science Rocks!
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Standard: Investigate the scientific view
of how the Earth’s surface is formed.
Learning Target: Today I am learning
about volcanoes because they build the
surface of the Earth.
Activating Strategy
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Mount Saint Helens eruption
Volcanoes and
Plate Tectonics
P178-181
Volcano
Volcanoes occur along weak
spots in Earth's crust called
Plate Boundaries.
Volcano
Ex - Ring of Fire - A long
belt of volcanoes along the
Pacific Plate Boundary.
Magma vs. Lava
Magma – A mixture of
molten rock, gases, and
water vapor from the
mantle.
Lava – When magma
reaches the surface.
Location of Volcanoes
Along Plate Boundaries
Diverging
Boundaries
Plates pull apart (mid-ocean
ridge) and magma reaches
surface to make a volcano.
Volcanoes at Diverging
Plate Boundaries
Many volcanoes occur
along diverging plate
boundaries, such as
the mid-ocean ridge,
where huge pieces of
the lithosphere diverge
(pull apart).
Location of Volcanoes
Along Plate Boundaries
Converging
Boundaries
Plates collide, more dense crust
gets subducted (pulled under).
Subducted crust melts and rises up
to surface as a volcano.
Volcanoes at Converging
Plate Boundaries
Many other
volcanoes form near
converging plate
boundaries where
subduction causes
slabs of oceanic
crust to sink into a
deep-ocean trench
into the mantle.
Volcanoes at Converging
Plate Boundaries
The subducted
crust melts and
forms magma
which then rises
back to the
surface and
forms a volcano.
Location of Volcanoes
At plate boundaries, the
lithosphere is weak and magma
is able to reach the surface.
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Island Arc
A string of volcanic islands made
by converging oceanic plates.
The more dense
plate gets
subducted and
melts. The
melted magma is
less dense so it
rises up and
makes a volcano.
Island Arc
You get a string
(or "arc") of
these islands
because they
form along the
path of the
converging plate
boundary.
Island Arc
Ex – Japan, New Zealand,
Indonesia, Caribbean islands,
Philippines, and Aleutians.
Hot Spot Volcanoes
Volcanoes that form in the
middle of a plate where magma
melts through the crust like a
blow torch.
Hot Spot Volcanoes
The hot spot underneath the
crust stays still but it burns a
series of holes in the crust as the
plate moves over the hot spot.
This makes a string of islands like
Hawaii.
Hot Spot Volcanoes
Unlike an island arc, hot spot
volcanoes form in the middle of
a plate, not on the converging
boundary.
Ex – Hawaiian islands,
Yellowstone Park in Wyoming
Fumerole
Hot Springs
Old Faithful
Geyser
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Earth Science
Rocks!!