Transcript WEEK TWO LAB - cravenccgeology

Mass, Volume, and Density
- First, let’s talk about matter – What is it?
Where do we find it?
- Matter is EVERYTHING around you! The
table, your chair, pens, paper – everything.
- Matter can exist in many different states,
including as a solid, liquid, gas, or plasma.
- All matter has mass and volume, which both
work together to determine matter’s density.
What Holds Matter Together?
-Matter can exist in many different states,
including as a solid, liquid, gas, or plasma.
- The low-energy molecules in a solid are tightly packed together.
They don’t move very easily. If you add heat or pressure, you can
make a liquid.
- The medium-energy molecules in a liquid like to glide around,
sliding against each other. They move in a flow. Adding heat will turn
this into a gas; freezing makes a solid.
- The high-energy molecules in a gas barely know each other. They
move around like hyperactive bees. Adding pressure or decreasing
temperature can create a liquid.
Mass
measured in grams/kilograms,
using a balance
Mass is the amount of material in an object
(NOT the same as weight!!)
-Mass stays the same no
matter what force is acting
on the object.
-This makes mass different
from weight, which depends
on both the amount of mass
and the amount of gravity
(measured on a scale).
Volume
Volume is the amount of space taken up or
occupied by an object.
- Depending on the state (solid, liquid, gas, or
plasma), volume can be measured in many ways.
LxWxH
LxWxH
SOLID
LIQUID
GAS
PLASMA
m3
L or mL
L or mL
L or mL
Density
Density is a measurement of how tightly
packed matter is within a certain object.
- Density is calculated by dividing mass by volume.
A student finds a rock on the way to school. In the lab he
determines that the volume of the rock is 22.7 cm3, and
the mass in 39.943 g. What is the density of the rock?
Density = Mass (g)
Volume (cm3)
Density = 39.943 g
22.7 cm3
Density = 1.759 g/cm3
Let’s Put it All Together
Mass is the amount of matter in an object or substance.
- NOT the same as weight, which changes according
to gravity.
Volume is the amount of space an object or
substance takes up.
Density is the amount of matter in a certain unit of
volume or space, and it is the measure of how tightly
packed molecules are within a substance.
- Substances of greater density will sink below those
of lesser density.
What Does This Mean for Geology?
- As you go deeper into the Earth, the density of the
materials increases. The denser materials sunk down
to the middle of the Earth, while the materials of
lesser density float on top.
- The core is composed of iron and nickel, which
is the densest layer. The crust is composed mostly
of silicate rock, which is the least dense. The
mantle is composed of rock that has a density
between that of the core and crust.